Effects of Teachers' Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching on - Apple

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Table 7
Student Gain Score Models
Model 1 Model 2
Measure Grade 1 Grade 3 Grade 1 Grade 3
Intercept 57.6 39.3 57.6 39.3
(1.31) (0.97) (1.31) (0.97)
Student
Initial math score −19.5*** −17.0*** −19.5*** −17.1***
(1.21) (0.84) (1.21) (0.84)
SES 3.96*** 2.13** 3.95*** 2.12**
(0.94) (0.76) (0.94) (0.76)
SES missing 0.15 −1.80* 0.15 −1.80*
(0.72) (0.73) (0.73) (0.73)
Female −.55 1.80** −0.56 1.79**
(0.87) (0.70) (0.87) (0.69)
Minority −4.15** −1.86 −4.14*** −1.84
(1.43) (1.15) (1.43) (1.15)
High absence −1.51 −0.74* −1.51 −0.74*
(0.88) (0.38) (0.88) (0.38)
Teacher/classroom
Math methods and 0.53 1.64 0.55 1.70
content (1.00) (0.92) (1.01) (0.92)
Certified 0.23 −0.34 0.24 −0.33
(0.89) (0.73) (0.90) (0.72)
Years <strong>of</strong> experience 0.72 1.02 0.72 0.95
(1.14) (0.64) (1.15) (0.66)
Background variables −0.22 −0.61 −0.21 −0.57
missing (0.96) (0.81) (0.95) (0.80)
CKT-M 2.22* 2.28** 2.12* 1.96**
(0.91) (0.75) (1.00) (0.77)
CKT-R 0.26 0.82
(1.18) (0.87)
CKT-M missing −0.64 −0.31 −0.64 −0.22
(1.25) (1.00) (1.27) (1.02)
Math lesson length −0.11 1.77* −0.11 1.82*
(1.04) (0.87) (1.05) (0.88)
Teacher absence rate −1.01 −0.37 −1.00 −0.36
(0.92) (0.88) (0.94) (0.88)
Log data missing −1.80* 0.75 −1.81* 0.70
(0.91) (0.81) (0.91) (0.83)
Percentage <strong>of</strong> class 2.29 −2.22 2.34 −2.20
minority (1.37) (1.28) (1.41) (1.28)
School
Household poverty −1.60 −1.59 −1.60 −1.64
(1.33) (1.02) (1.33) (1.02)