Aircraft System Noise Prediction Status of ANOPP2 - FICAN
Aircraft System Noise Prediction Status of ANOPP2 - FICAN
Aircraft System Noise Prediction Status of ANOPP2 - FICAN
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<strong>Aircraft</strong> <strong>System</strong> <strong>Noise</strong> <strong>Prediction</strong><br />
<strong>Status</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
Casey L. Burley<br />
NASA Langley Research Center<br />
Avia8on <strong>Noise</strong> Impacts Roadmap Annual Mee8ng<br />
April 19-‐20, 2011<br />
HUD HQ<br />
Washington, DC
• AircraJ <strong>Noise</strong> Predic8on: <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
– Objec&ve<br />
– Time Line for Key Deliverables/Milestones<br />
• <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
– <strong>Status</strong><br />
– Demonstra&ons<br />
– Summary & Future Work<br />
Outline<br />
3
<strong>System</strong> <strong>Noise</strong> Predic8on Paradigm<br />
ANOPP (Current Genera8on) <strong>ANOPP2</strong> (“Next Genera8on”)<br />
• <strong>Noise</strong> emiCed from a single point<br />
• Installa&on effects are es&mated<br />
• Effects <strong>of</strong> atmosphere are primi&ve<br />
• Cannot extend outside experience<br />
• Empirical and “fixed” fidelity<br />
• Includes ANOPP<br />
• <strong>Noise</strong> sources are at their true loca&ons.<br />
• Installa&on effects included<br />
• Include effects <strong>of</strong> atmosphere and terrain<br />
• Must predict outside <strong>of</strong> experience base<br />
• First-‐principles based & mul&-‐fidelity<br />
• Compa&ble with MDAO framework<br />
4
• Objec8ve<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> Objec8ve and Features<br />
– Acous&c predic&on capability <strong>of</strong> current and future aircraV designs<br />
• Features<br />
• AircraV system and aircraV components (including installa&on effects,<br />
i.e. Propulsion Airframe Integra&on (PAA))<br />
• AircraV noise technologies and flight pr<strong>of</strong>iles<br />
– Methods for noise components with different levels <strong>of</strong> acous&c fidelity<br />
– Coupled predic&on <strong>of</strong> flow/acous&c/propaga&on<br />
– Predict noise for mul&ple types <strong>of</strong> observer configura&ons<br />
– Predict noise over long flight paths and wind tunnel tests<br />
– Integra&on op&ons: observer-‐2me-‐dominant or source-‐&me-‐dominant<br />
– Adaptable framework that accommodates current/future predic&on<br />
methods, propaga&on algorithms, and flow solu&ons<br />
5
ANOPP<br />
Engine<br />
Airframe<br />
Brooks Self<br />
Trailing Edge<br />
Shielding Boeing-‐Landing<br />
Boeing-‐Slat Gear<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> Mixed-‐Fidelity Approach<br />
Semi-‐Empirical Fidelity<br />
Highly Computa8onal<br />
Boeing-‐Flap<br />
Side Edge<br />
Boeing-‐<br />
Trailing Edge<br />
MDOE<br />
Jet + Chevron<br />
CRPFAN<br />
Open rotor<br />
MIT: DIM<br />
scaCering<br />
SAM<br />
Propaga&on<br />
YOUR<br />
METHOD<br />
?<br />
UCI: JNDC<br />
sca_ering<br />
Brooks Self + CFD<br />
LGMAP<br />
Landing Gear<br />
Py-‐ASSPIN<br />
Open rotor<br />
Jet-‐3D<br />
Jet<br />
JENO<br />
Jet<br />
FSC<br />
scaCering<br />
Jet3D: PAA<br />
Jet & Pylon<br />
• <strong>ANOPP2</strong> prediction modules range from semi-empirical to higher fidelity CFD<br />
based<br />
• Pre-beta implementation <strong>of</strong> modules provides critical information required to<br />
further define <strong>ANOPP2</strong> requirements, functionality, and guide design <strong>of</strong> initial<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> executive.
Considera8ons for <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
• Revisit the paradigm <strong>of</strong> a component-‐based approach<br />
– Can one adequately model the inlet noise from an engine by considering the fan<br />
and compressor contribu&ons separately?<br />
– Can one adequately model the jet noise without considering the influence <strong>of</strong> the<br />
pylon?<br />
• Can installa8on effects (PAA, AIA) be accounted for in some approximate<br />
but rigorous manner?<br />
– Must they be an integral part <strong>of</strong> the source descrip&on themselves?<br />
• Non-‐compact sources: distributed sources such as jet noise<br />
• Requirement to predict acous8c near-‐field<br />
– ScaCering <strong>of</strong> engine sources due to airframe<br />
• What do we mean by mul8-‐fidelity and how do we implement it?<br />
• Can a common mathema8cal framework be defined for <strong>ANOPP2</strong>?<br />
– e.g. ANOPP : compact uncorrelated source framework<br />
7
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> Project Tasks<br />
1. <strong>Aircraft</strong> <strong>Noise</strong> <strong>Prediction</strong> Framework<br />
– Develop the framework for <strong>ANOPP2</strong> to allow noise assessment <strong>of</strong><br />
unconventional configurations, PAA, and flight operations<br />
– Maintain, implement improvements, and provide user support for<br />
ANOPP and <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
2. <strong>Noise</strong> Modeling Capabilities<br />
– Develop aircraft noise component and propagation models for ANOPP<br />
and <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
– Assess and validate all levels <strong>of</strong> fidelity within the <strong>ANOPP2</strong> system<br />
• Key Contributors for Current Effort<br />
– NASA: Casey Burley, Len Lopes, Steve Miller, Ed Envia, James Bridges, Brenda<br />
Henderson<br />
- Lockheed Martin Mission Services: John Rawls, Jr., Chris Kilzer, Carl Franklin<br />
- Analytical Services and Materials INC: Stuart Pope<br />
- NRAs:, Boeing Company. Mark Dunn Inc., MIT, UCI<br />
8
<strong>ANOPP2</strong>: Key Deliverables/Milestones<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> Pre-beta<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong>.0 Beta<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong>.1 Beta<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong>.0<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong>.1<br />
9
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> <strong>Noise</strong> Predic8on/Propaga8on Schema8c<br />
Source-‐Surface<br />
Mid-‐Surface<br />
• Source-Surface – surrounds noise generating mechanism(s)<br />
Far-‐Field Observer<br />
• Mid-Surface – surrounds aircraft and or sub-components, includes<br />
installation effects associated with propulsion airframe integration and noise<br />
scattering<br />
• Far-Field Observer – acoustic far-field observer, includes atmosphere/<br />
terrain effects
Command Execu&ve<br />
(user interface, execu&on<br />
statements, macros)<br />
Flight Defini&on<br />
Modules<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> <strong>System</strong> Components<br />
Framework<br />
Data Structures<br />
(aircraV parameters, flight<br />
proper&es, acous&cs, flow)<br />
Func8onal Modules<br />
Source <strong>Noise</strong><br />
Predic&on<br />
Modules<br />
Source-‐Surface<br />
Propaga&on<br />
Modules<br />
U&li&es<br />
(I/O, debug, mathema&cs,<br />
acous&c analysis)<br />
Mid-‐Surface<br />
Propaga&on<br />
Modules<br />
11
Flight<br />
Defini8on<br />
ANOPP<br />
*FLOPS<br />
*NPSS<br />
User<br />
Defined<br />
Flight<br />
Condi&on<br />
Data<br />
Structure<br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> “Floor Plan”<br />
Source <strong>Noise</strong><br />
ANOPP<br />
Boeing<br />
Airframe<br />
SELF<br />
JeNo<br />
CRPFan<br />
Command Execu8ve<br />
Source-‐<br />
Surface<br />
Data<br />
Structure<br />
Source-‐Surface<br />
Propaga8on<br />
ANOPP<br />
Spherical<br />
Spreading<br />
FSC<br />
JNDC<br />
DIM<br />
Utilities (APIs)<br />
Mid-‐<br />
Surface<br />
Data<br />
Structure<br />
Mid-‐Surface<br />
Propaga8on<br />
ANOPP<br />
Spherical<br />
Spreading<br />
RNM<br />
SAM<br />
Acous&c Analysis Math Libraries OpenMP/MPI<br />
Kinema&cs Debugging<br />
Far-‐Surface<br />
Data<br />
Structure
Module SoJware Readiness Levels (SRL)<br />
• SRL 1: (not ready for distribu8on, but want to include/test as part <strong>of</strong> aircraJ<br />
noise predic8on system, i.e. <strong>ANOPP2</strong>)<br />
– Researcher code, typically one user<br />
– Limited test cases for limited range <strong>of</strong> validity<br />
– Limited or no documenta&on<br />
– Not distributed unless requested<br />
– Not supported<br />
• SRL 2: (near ready for distribu8on, but needs expanded tes8ng, valida8on & doc)<br />
– Research code, mul&ple users<br />
– Range <strong>of</strong> validity and test cases<br />
– Documenta&on <strong>of</strong> at least theory and possible user’s manual<br />
– Distributed with <strong>ANOPP2</strong> with disclaimer<br />
– Not fully supported (installa&on only)<br />
• SRL 3: (most ready to be considered for distribu8on with <strong>ANOPP2</strong>)<br />
– Research code, many users<br />
– Full range <strong>of</strong> validity for typical aircraV flight condi&ons, code test cases and valida&on cases<br />
– Documenta&on: theory and user’s manual<br />
– Integrated part <strong>of</strong> <strong>ANOPP2</strong> (always distributed)<br />
– Fully supported by ANOPP staff<br />
13
Key Accomplishments <strong>of</strong> FY2010<br />
• Developed and implemented provisional system to accommodate<br />
and scope requirements/functionality for <strong>ANOPP2</strong> executive<br />
design in FY2011<br />
• Implemented range <strong>of</strong> noise prediction methods from empirical to<br />
higher-fidelity CFD-dependent<br />
• <strong>Prediction</strong>s for N+1 and N+2 aircraft configurations<br />
• Developed draft User’s and Theoretical Manuals for use with the<br />
pre-beta <strong>ANOPP2</strong> system. This will be provided to selected users<br />
over the next year to provide feedback to <strong>ANOPP2</strong> development<br />
team<br />
• Created draft Developer’s Manual to aid user with implementing<br />
new prediction method into the <strong>ANOPP2</strong> system<br />
14
Methods Implemented in <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> Method Description Resources/Contract Support<br />
ANOPP<br />
Empirically based system<br />
noise prediction<br />
NASA TEAMS Contract<br />
(NNL10AB38T)<br />
Boeing Landing Gear<br />
Reduced order model for gear<br />
noise<br />
Boeing (NRA:NNL06AB63T)<br />
Boeing Slat<br />
Reduced order model for slat<br />
noise<br />
Boeing (NRA:NNL07AA03A)<br />
Boeing Flap-Side Edge<br />
Reduced order model for flap<br />
edge noise<br />
Boeing (NRA:NNL07AA03A)<br />
Boeing Trailing Edge<br />
Empirical model for trailing<br />
edge noise<br />
Boeing (NRA:NNL07AA03A)<br />
Brooks Self <strong>Noise</strong><br />
Empirical model for trailing<br />
edge noise<br />
NASA (internal)<br />
SAM<br />
Propagation method: GFPE,<br />
RNM<br />
NASA with contracts to Ole Miss<br />
(NNL09AB11T), Wyle<br />
(NNL08AD67T)<br />
Jet3D & JeNo<br />
Computational method for jet<br />
mixing noise<br />
NASA-LaRC & GRC<br />
MDOE-Based<br />
Empirical/Statistical method<br />
for complete jet noise<br />
NASA-GRC/LaRC (internal)<br />
CRPFan: Open-rotor<br />
Open-Rotor frequency domain<br />
model (CRP and SRP)<br />
NASA-LaRC/GRC(internal)<br />
15
• Boeing 737-‐800/CFM56-‐7B27 Example Predic&on<br />
– STN2Jet, Heidmann Fan, GE Treatment, GECOR<br />
– Fink Airframe <strong>Noise</strong> Modules<br />
• <strong>ANOPP2</strong> executes ANOPP only<br />
– <strong>ANOPP2</strong> performs no other noise predic&on or propaga&on<br />
– Fast computa&on (MDAO)<br />
– Negligible added computa&on &me over ANOPP<br />
– Single fidelity predic&on<br />
<strong>Aircraft</strong> and<br />
Flight Properties<br />
Single-Fidelity <strong>ANOPP2</strong> <strong>Prediction</strong><br />
Flight Condi&on<br />
(Reservoir <strong>of</strong><br />
Informa&on)<br />
ANOPP<br />
Far-‐Field<br />
Observer<br />
16
Approach<br />
Demonstra8on for Conven8onal AircraJ<br />
Comparison <strong>of</strong> Certification <strong>Noise</strong> Data with <strong>Prediction</strong>: Boeing 737-800/CFM56-7B<br />
Stage 3 Certification Level<br />
ANOPP(L26) <strong>Prediction</strong><br />
<strong>ANOPP2</strong> running ANOPP(L28)<br />
Certification noise measurements<br />
Lateral Sideline<br />
Flyover<br />
17
737-800/CFM56-7B27 Approach Certification Flight<br />
PNLT time history<br />
41 x 21 observers<br />
Observer-time dominant<br />
EPNL Footprint from<br />
time integration <strong>of</strong><br />
PNLT time history<br />
18
CFD Dependent, Mixed-Fidelity <strong>ANOPP2</strong> Wind Tunnel<br />
<strong>Prediction</strong>s by External Developer<br />
• NASA Glenn Research Center SMC000 Nozzle<br />
– 3 methods performing predic&on for same jet<br />
• Exit diameter <strong>of</strong> 2in, Jet exit Mach <strong>of</strong> 0.7, NPR <strong>of</strong> 1.38, TTR <strong>of</strong> 1.0<br />
• Compared to measurements in Small Hot Jet Acous&c Rig (SHJAR)<br />
– MDOE, JeNo, Jet3D<br />
– External developer (Dr. Steve Miller)<br />
• Integra&on with <strong>ANOPP2</strong> and predic&ons<br />
• <strong>ANOPP2</strong> Capabili&es<br />
– New methods by external user added to <strong>ANOPP2</strong> system<br />
• Several templates created for module developer<br />
– CFD provided as input to predic&on methods<br />
– Predic&ons <strong>of</strong> noise at wind tunnel observer loca&ons<br />
– SHJAR measurements provided to MDOE as input coefficient file<br />
– Wind-‐US CFD solu&on for JeNo<br />
– USM-‐3D CFD solu&on for Jet3D<br />
19
Mixed-Fidelity <strong>ANOPP2</strong> Wind Tunnel <strong>Prediction</strong><br />
Semi-‐Empirical Fidelity<br />
Highly Computa8onal<br />
<strong>Aircraft</strong> and<br />
Flight Properties<br />
External<br />
Computa&on<br />
MDOE<br />
Jet + Chevron<br />
Flight Condi&on<br />
(Reservoir <strong>of</strong><br />
Informa&on)<br />
YOUR<br />
METHOD<br />
?<br />
Jet3D<br />
Jet<br />
JENO<br />
Jet<br />
JeNo MDOE<br />
Jet3D<br />
Near-‐Field<br />
Observer<br />
Near-‐Field<br />
Observer<br />
Near-‐Field<br />
Observer<br />
Jet3D: PAA<br />
Jet & Pylon<br />
20
Mixed-Fidelity <strong>ANOPP2</strong> Wind Tunnel <strong>Prediction</strong><br />
• NASA Glenn Research Center SMC000 Nozzle<br />
– 3 methods performing predic&on for same jet<br />
• Exit diameter <strong>of</strong> 2in, Jet exit Mach <strong>of</strong> 0.7, NPR <strong>of</strong> 1.38, TTR <strong>of</strong> 1.0<br />
• Compared to measurements in Small Hot Jet Acous&c Rig (SHJAR)<br />
• Observer 90 degrees to jet exit<br />
Empirical<br />
21
Summary<br />
• Progress made in development/validation <strong>of</strong> current (ANOPP) and next<br />
generation (<strong>ANOPP2</strong>) aircraft system noise<br />
• ANOPP improvements and continued support<br />
• <strong>ANOPP2</strong> development and demonstrations<br />
– Fixed- and mixed-fidelity capabilities implemented<br />
• Tested with conventional and unconventional aircraft<br />
– New prediction and propagation modules being added continuously<br />
• Documentation for module developers and users<br />
– Coupling with ANOPP ongoing<br />
– Executive <strong>of</strong> <strong>ANOPP2</strong> being developed<br />
• Initial data structures/code structure defined and implemented<br />
• Extensive library functions developed<br />
• Provisional command structure<br />
• <strong>ANOPP2</strong> pre-beta release<br />
– Limited released<br />
– Valuable feedback and comments<br />
22
Emphasis for FY11-‐FY12<br />
• <strong>ANOPP2</strong> Capabili&es<br />
– Upgrade command structure have similar capabili&es as ANOPP’s command structure<br />
– Improve library and data structures for added capability<br />
• Expanded flight dynamics and aircraV parameters data structures<br />
• Expanded capabili&es for observer data structure<br />
• Improved far-‐field propaga&on interface (developer templates)<br />
• Ini&al near-‐field propaga&on interface<br />
– Documenta&on (user’s manual, theore&cal manual, developer’s manual, etc)<br />
– Installa&on and distribu&on upgrades<br />
– Beta release <strong>of</strong> <strong>ANOPP2</strong> (September 2011)<br />
• Predic&on Modules<br />
– Further integra&on <strong>of</strong> ANOPP with <strong>ANOPP2</strong><br />
– Upgrades to current jet methods (documenta&on, demos, etc)<br />
– LGMAP: Semi-‐Empirical, component based method for landing gear noise<br />
– CRPFan, Tfan<br />
– Near-‐ and far-‐field propaga&on methods<br />
• Ray method & FSC for near-‐field<br />
– ScaCering Models: Diffrac&on Integral Method, FSC, JNDC<br />
23
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