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R basics: Working with data

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Data <strong>basics</strong> Data manipulation Basic <strong>data</strong> analysis Exercises Conclusions<br />

Comparisions<br />

Operator or function Operation Example<br />

== exactly equal x == y<br />

!= not equal x != y<br />

= y<br />

< less x < y<br />

> greater x > y<br />

is.na() is missing is.na(x)<br />

−→ Vectorized comparisons: operations are performed elementwise<br />

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