Nature and Ideology: Natural Garden Design in ... - Dumbarton Oaks

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“TEUTONIC” TRENDS 21. Gravestone in the Hilligenloh cemetery with Germanic runes for birth and death, 1993 22. Gravestone in the Hilligenloh cemetery with reversed swastika, 1993 209
JOACHIM WOLSCHKE-BULMAHN 23. Reichsleader SS, Heinrich Himmler, visiting the exhibition “Planning and Rebuilding in the East,” 1941; to the left, Rudolf Hess, to the right of Himmler, Martin Bormann (photo: Bundesarchiv Koblenz) inscription should not conflict with the spirit of the holy place because it serves first of all the followers of the Cognition of God.” 52 On the gravestones one cannot find the Christian symbols for birth and death; instead, Germanic runes are used (Fig. 21). One can also find the use of pre- Christian symbols, for example, the “Teutonic Sonnenrad, or ‘sun-wheel,’ derived from a pre- Christian sun cult among the Germanic tribes.” 53 Even the emblem of National Socialism, the swastika, at least in a reversed version, can still be found today on a gravestone at Hilligenloh (Fig. 22). Both cemeteries, the Places of the Ancestors Hilligenloh and Seelenfeld, today still give evidence of how specific ideas about an assumed relationship of the ancient Germanic people to nature became expressed in the cemetery design of a volkish-nationalistic group in the 1930s. Although the Tannenberg League and the German People’s Parish cannot be equated with Himmler’s SS, the design of the cemeteries and its underlying ideology relates them to the Grove of the Saxons, which was laid out during the same period in the 1930s. 52 “Stättenordnung,” 1964. 53 T. G. Jordan, Texas Graveyards, Austin, 1990, 110. 210
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