CURRENT AWARENESS BULLETIN - IMO

INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION
MARITIME KNOWLEDGE CENTRE
CURRENT AWARENESS BULLETIN
Volume XXII – No. 12
December 2010
“sharing maritime knowledge”
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION, 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom.
Tel: +44 20 7735 7611, Fax: +44 20 7587 3210 http://www.imo.org

CONTENTS
IMO
IMO PRESS RELEASES
MEETINGS
PUBLISHING
SPEECHES
NEWS FROM THE UNITED NATIONS
MARITIME NEWS IN THE PRESS
1. LAW AND POLICY
2. MARINE TECHNOLOGY
3. MARITIME SAFETY
4. MARITIME SECURITY
5. NAVIGATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
6. POLLUTION/ENVIRONMENT
7. PORTS AND HARBOURS
8. SEAFARERS
9. SHIPBUILDING AND RECYCLING OF SHIPS
10. SHIPPING
11. SPECIAL REPORTS
12. SOURCES
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Important notice: this Bulletin is published by the Maritime Knowledge Centre and is not an official IMO
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IMO PRESS RELEASES
Fraud Alert
22/12/2010 IMO has been made aware of the circulation of e-mail correspondence, including invoices,
purportedly issued in the name of the Organization, and/or its officials. These are fraudulent and should
be ignored. More...
Mandatory fire test procedures Code adopted by IMO Maritime Safety meeting
20/12/2010 Mandatory International Code for the Application of Fire Test Procedures (2010 FTP Code)
adopted by IMO's Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at 88th session More...
Climate Change Conference
13/12/2010 United Nations Climate Change Conference has again noted the progress made by IMO on its
work plan to limit or reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping. More...
MEETINGS
Click here for the programme of IMO meetings for 2011, the summary reports for meetings held so far in
2010 and the provisional agenda. If you wish to receive such briefings regularly, please email your
request to Media.
PUBLISHING
Latest IMO News (Issue 3 2010).
The Publications Catalogue is now available in book and mini-CD format. Please ensure that you receive
your copies by emailing your requirements to the Publishing Service.
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SPEECHES Secretary-General's speeches to meetings
For the latest IMO Publications please click here.
NEWS FROM THE UNITED NATIONS
Gateway to the UN System’s Work on Climate Change
UN News Centre
UN Dispatch
MARITIME NEWS IN THE PRESS
1. LAW AND POLICY
BIMCO clarifies 24-hour rule liability - By Gavin van Marle "One of the grey areas surrounding the
forthcoming introduction of the European Union’s 24-hour rule of cargo notification has been cleared for
P&I insurers ahead of the implementation of the regime on January 1. Under EU regulation 1875/2006,
shipments into the EU customs area from outside the region have to be notified to the European port of
discharge at least 24 hours before loading at the foreign port. The onus is on the shipowner to make sure
that notification has been sent, and while it remains up to the individual European country to apply its own
penalty, the EU has recommended a “no notification, no discharge” rule." LLOYD’S LIST, 2 December
2010, p 2
EU gives ground on 24-hour cargo rule "The European Union finally allows shippers a reprieve – albeit
a temporary one. The European Commission has finally taken account of industry concerns about the
risks attached to the imposition of compulsory 24-hour advance cargo declarations which come into force
1 January. There was no sign of any giving of ground in the announcement made by Algirdas Semeta,
commissioner for taxation and customs, as recently as 13 December. He simply recalled that the new
rule, which requires cargo to be declared to EU customs 24 hours before loading, was being introduced in
the interests of “the security of citizens and safe trade”. But spokesman Emer Traynor subsequently
admitted to Fairplay that the commission had decided not to insist on strict application of the new rule in
the early stages." LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010, p 25
2. MARINE TECHNOLOGY
Maersk order set to smash the size barrier - By Tom Leander "Something curious is afoot in the
container world. For so long owners were simply protecting themselves, concentrating on cuts and
survival. When the crisis ended with surprising suddenness, they were busy moderating their strategies.
On the issue of ship design and price, after a few faulty steps they seem to be taking the lead. This was
evident in the news that Maersk is in the final stages of negotiation with shipyards for a series of 18,000
teu boxships. South Korea’s Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering and, reportedly, Samsung Heavy
Industries were the two yards most likely to build the series." LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 12
Changing rules on emissions spur innovation in design and fuel types - By Craig Eason
"Environmental politics is a blessing for forward-thinking naval architects, designers and technology
companies. Shipping faces a decade of legislative changes, some of which are already written while some
have yet to be decided on, but all of which will make some of the biggest changes the industry has seen
since the invention of the diesel engine 100 years ago. Not everyone is happy with the prospect and some
are sceptical of its worth. Nevertheless, changing rules are bringing new technologies into the world’s
fleet, putting novel ship designs on the table and, most radically, raising suggestions for new fuel types."
LLOYD’S LIST, 3 December 2010, p 4
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Coating saves more fuel, says MO "New paint traps water to give a smooth surface for better fuel
savings. A novel hull paint has delivered fuel savings of 4%, says Mitsui OSK Lines, following sea trials
on its latest newbuilding, the car carrier Neptune Ace. Along with the fuel savings come corresponding
CO2 emission cuts, the company pointed out. This low-friction coating has been developed jointly by
MOL and Nippon Paint Marine Coatings and it is being marketed under the brand name LF-Sea, while
joint R&D continues to develop what MOL describes as “an ultra-high fuel efficient” ship bottom paint, with
the aim of further CO2 reductions." FAIRPLAY, 2 December 2010, p 26
DNV gets behind gas-fuelled ships - By Lucy Hine "A classification society has been talking up its
design for an LNG-powered VLCC. The 'Triality' design, to be launched on Monday, will feature to 5,000-
cbm LNG fuel tanks says DNV segment director LNG Lars Petter Blikom. This would give the ship a range
of 20,000 nautical miles, which Blikom says is typical for a VLCC." TRADEWINDS, 3 December 2010, p 5
Design index puts burden on the IMO - By Adam Corbett "Rethinking a new mandate risks the IMO’s
status in the eyes of politicians despite industry fears the new rules could leave ships underpowered.
Shipping regulators were given the thumbs up to continue work to mandate a new design index for
newbuildings at the climate-change meeting in Cancun but there are still some serious doubts over the
safety of the initiative. The main concern is that the ship energy-efficiency design index (EEDI), which is
spearheading the International Maritime Organisation (IMO)’s carbon-reduction programme, could result
in the production of a generation of underpowered ships." TRADEWINDS, 23 December 2010, p 46
Class must be ready to meet new demands - By Adam Corbett "Classification societies need to
respond to growing regulatory demands to develop advanced marine technology, according to Lloyd’s
Register (LR) chief executive Richard Sadler. Speaking to TradeWinds on the day he signed an
agreement with Southampton University to build a state-of-the-art technology centre that will help the
organisation advance its technological capability, Sadler said the demands on class expertise is growing.
The £116m ($180m) deal, part funded by the UK government, will see LR move its technology department
to the south coast in the joint academia and industry venture. Sadler said: “What we are seeing more and
more now is that regulation is coming first, then there is an increasing need for the industry to develop the
technology to meet it.”" TRADEWINDS, 23 December 2010, p 47
Golar LNG Energy looks into floating electricity generation "New design looks to use old LNG carriers
as floating power stations. Shipping analysts Martin Sommerseth Jaer and Nikolai Stavseth from Arctic
Securities in Oslo, described the FGPG as an FSRU with a power generator attached. “Although the
project is still in the concept phase, it underlines Golar LNG Energy’s ability to provide solutions for end
users in emerging markets in dire need of energy."" LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010, p 27
3. MARITIME SAFETY
Industry lobbying thwarts lifeboat changes - By Steve Matthews "Maritime Safety Committee (MSC)
refers proposed amendments back for further work. The International Maritime Organization’s Maritime
Safety Committee has decided not to approve proposed amendments to the Safety of Life at Sea
Convention covering requirements for lifeboat release hook mechanisms, and has instead referred them
back to the sub-committee on ship design and equipment for further work. The move follows intense
lobbying by shipping industry organisations, including the International Chamber of Shipping, which
argued that the amendments as drafted to Solas Regulation III/1 and the Life Saving Appliance Code did
not achieve their intended objectives and were not sufficiently robust to ensure safety and prevent further
casualties." LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 2
Beluga ship embroiled in row over the safety of toxic waste - By Craig Eason "Bremen-based
shipowner Beluga has become caught up in a political row over a cargo of poisonous toxic waste being
sent from Australia to Denmark. The company has been chartered to ship 3,000 tonnes of a banned
chemical known as hexachlorobenzine (HCB) to Nyborg in Denmark, where it is destined to be destroyed.
Unions representing dock workers in Denmark have said shore workers will refuse to handle the cargo if it
arrives in the country. Despite the approval and permission for the shipment from the Australian and
Danish environmental ministries, the unions and environmental activists Greenpeace say the risks of
transporting the cargo thousands of miles are too great." LLOYD’S LIST, 2 December 2010, p 2
Shipowners call for compulsory container weighing before loading - By Janet Porter "Two leading
shipowner associations are urging the International Maritime Organization to take action against
overloaded containers after industry efforts to find a voluntary solution failed to make any headway. The
World Shipping Council and International Chamber of Shipping are calling for the compulsory weighing of
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all containers prior to loading. They want to see an amendment to the Safety of Life at Sea convention
and will be lobbying for the IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee to agree at its meeting next May to include
the issue of overweight containers in its work programme." LLOYD’S LIST, 3 December 2010, p 3
Lermontov’s ghost – By Julian Parker “In the first part of his article, published in October, Julian Parker
drew on the famous grounding of the Mikhail Lermontov in 1986 to trigger his thoughts on how accidents
can happen. He showed how our minds can play tricks on us, however experienced and skilled we are.
Here he looks at the contribution of the subconscious mind and fatigue to mariners’ actions before
suggesting ways of achieving greater awareness.” SEAWAYS, December 2010, pp 15-16
Passenger ships – New international safety regulations enter into force 1 st July 2010 “A
comprehensive package of amendments to the international regulations affecting new passenger ships
enters into force on 1 July 2010. Increased emphasis is placed on reducing the chance of accidents
occurring and on improved survivability, embracing the concept of the ship as ‘its own best lifeboat’.”
SHIPPING REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE, December 2010, p 25
Walkway collapse highlights risks from engine movement - By David Osler "The collapse of a
passenger walkway in Heysham earlier this year highlights the dangers of unintended engine movement
in port, according to a report by the UK’s Marine Accident Investigation Branch. The publication follows a
MAIB report into an incident on March 25, involving the 1998-built, 12,504 gt Isle of Man Steam Packet
vessel Ben-My-Chree, which had just spent three weeks in drydock. Two shore technicians were on
board to mend the circuit breakers. The starboard main engine was started by the second engineer at
1338 hrs. At 1357 hrs, the chief officer request the third engineer for bridge control of main engines, in
order to test before departure. Not observing that the starboard engine was running, he put both pitch
control levers to full ahead. The vessel surged ahead, causing serious damage to the passenger access
structure. While there were no injuries, eight passengers had to be rescued by the fire service." LLOYD’S
LIST, 22 December 2010, p 3
Death toll of Chinese seafarers reaches 75 - By Adam Corbett "As many as 75 seafarers have died
this year on merchant ships to China following the loss of the 1,022-teu boxship Phu Tang (built 1998),
which mysteriously sank last Friday off Hainan Island in the South China Sea. Out of a crew of 27, only
two survived. Officials from the vessel’s operator, Vinalines Container Shipping, could not confirm the
number of survivors but hoped to provide a more accurate picture later in the week. There are
suggestions the ship may have suffered a mechanical failure in heavy seas." TRADEWINDS, 23
December 2010, p 47
Carnival Splendor fire systems were defective - By David Osler "Onboard firefighting equipment on
Carnival Splendor, the cruiseship left adrift off Mexico after an engineroom fire last month, failed to
function properly when needed, according to two safety notices from the US Coast Guard. The
development will heap further embarrassment on operator Carnival Corp, which sustained unfavourable
publicity after it was forced to rely on US Navy helicopters to airdrop Spam, croissants and Pop Tarts to
the stricken vessel.." LLOYD’S LIST, 24 December 2010, p 2
Bulker losses an ‘appalling’ trend- by Terry Macalister ““The astonishing loss of ships and lives in the
Far East over the past few weeks is a shuddering reminder of the dangers of the sea. It is also a wake-up
call to Chinese shipowners, the Panamana shipping register and Indonesian mine operators to the
dangers of complacency. Three vessels have gone down since 27 October with the loss of 44 lives — that
is an average of more than one fatality a day. And it does not take into account the loss of the 34,000 dwt
Jianmao 9, which sank but the crew was fortuitously rescued by a passing containership on 9 November.”
TRADEWINDS, 10 December 2010, p 2
Fatigue, failures and fines “Port states have begun to crack down on shipping companies that ignore
standards on hours of rest, and one major company was recently fined for a fatigue breach. Martin Watts
looks at the effects of the latest war on weariness.” SAFETY AT SEA INTERNATIONAL, January 2011, p
19
4. MARITIME SECURITY
Pirates linked to terror group - By Gavin van Marle "The ability of insurers and shipowners to pay
ransoms to Somali pirates is at threat after risk forecast company Exclusive Analysis warned of the
increasing likelihood that a link exists between the gangs and terrorists. While the analyst has yet to find
convincing evidence that a partnership exists between the principal Somali terrorist group al-Shabaab and
pirates, deputy head of Africa forecasting Natznet Tesfay said it was “increasingly likely” a connection
5

existed. He said such a move was likely to be done quietly, in the knowledge that US and European antiterrorist
legislation bars ransom payments to designated organisation and people. “If al-Shabaab were to
look at for-profit piracy, it would be a tacit entry. It is likely to know that the US and the UK would not pay
ransoms to terrorists, so they will likely keep their involvement quiet.”" LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010,
p 2
Workshops for hijacked seafarers - By David Osler "The International Committee on Seafarers’
Welfare has arranged a two-day piracy awareness seminar in the Philippines on Tuesday and
Wednesday next week, which will be followed by detailed practical workshops on Thursday. The events
are sponsored by the International Transport Workers’ Federation Seafarers Trust and will include training
in trauma counselling from experts Marion Gibson and Colm Humphries. Participants will be encouraged
to share their experiences and to come to terms with their reactions. The workshops will involve the
practical application of skills through role play and will be relevant to cases of accidents or death which
can occur on board ships as well as acts of piracy." LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 2
Somali pirate given 30-year prison sentence - By Rajesh Joshi "A Somali man implicated in an
unsuccessful April 2010 attack on the US Navy vessel Ashland has become the first piracy defendant to
formally receive a jail term in modern US history, drawing a sentence of 30 years from a federal court in
Virginia. The sentence stems from the guilty plea entered in August by the accused, Jaamac Ciidle, for
lesser charges related to violence against persons on a vessel and firearm-related charges involving a
crime of violence. This stopped short of a guilty plea under the US statute that governs piracy, which
carries a mandatory life term." LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 2
Islamic terrorists set to muscle in on piracy - By Jon Guy "If the international shipping community
thought the piracy situation off the coast of Somalia could hardly get any worse, the continuing battle for
political power the country is set to do just that. At present, piracy gangs are largely made up of fishermen
and young disillusioned Somalis who face the choice of piracy or joining the various factions that are
fighting for control in the country. However, the major Islamic insurgency group al-Shabaab, which has
strong links to jihadists are short of funds to finance their operations and acquire weapons. Intelligence
experts say that there are strong indications that al-Shabaab is seeking to learn the basics of navigation
with a view to entering the piracy game as a way of raising cash." LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 7
Germany’s maritime industry to hold piracy summit. By Patrick Hagen. German politicians and the
shipping industry will meet in January for a summit on piracy.The summit, which will also include
representatives of Germany’s Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Defence, will take place in Berlin
on January 24, 2011.“Piracy will keep us busy for a long time,” national maritime co-ordinator Hans-
Joachim Otto said.” LLOYD’S LIST, 6 December 2010, p. 2
Shipowners turning to armed guards for piracy protection - By Janet Porter "Shipowners are
ignoring official advice and routinely employing armed guards on ships sailing in pirate-infested waters.
Hiring professional security personnel is both a more effective way of protecting ships from attack, and
also cheaper than other evasive measures, they say. Those operators that now regularly have private
armed guards on vessels operating in areas at risk of attack from Somali pirates are thought to include
some of the world’s top names, Lloyd’s List understands. But no owner is prepared to go public at a time
when governments, shipowner associations and naval forces remain opposed to weapons on commercial
vessels." LLOYD’S LIST, 20 December 2010, p 1
Nautilus changes its policy on ship security - By Steve Matthews "In a major change to its policy on
the use of armed guards on board ships to protect against piracy attacks, the executive committee of
seafarers’ union Nautilus International has dropped its opposition to their deployment. The union has
altered its previous stance of opposing the use of guards to one of not opposing armed guards if there is
no other option to protect vessels. It is not therefore a blanket acceptance of their use, but Nautilus will not
oppose the use of armed guards if it has been agreed with the union on a case-by-case basis and
providing the guards being used are properly trained and approved." LLOYD’S LIST, 20 December 2010,
p 1
Indian Ocean war risks zone to be expanded as attack area grows - By Steve Matthews "The war
risks exclusion zone in the Indian Ocean is expected to be dramatically expanded following the widening
of the areas that have become subject to pirate attacks in recent weeks. Although no formal decision has
yet been made, the Joint War Risks Committee met recently and was presented with evidence from its
advisers that the Indian Ocean exclusion zone should be extended. Lloyd’s List understands that the
committee asked for some further information before making a final decision, but that it was likely to agree
a major expansion." LLOYD’S LIST, 20 December 2010, p 1
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Navies use deter and disrupt tactics to beat piracy - By Bryan Reyes "Conscious of how hard it is to
catch a pirate in the vast expanse of the Indian Ocean, Western navies have now taken to lying in
ambush close to pirate dens on the Somali coastline. Operating just a few miles from shore, warships
intercept the pirate skiffs as they head out to maraud in the shipping lanes. It is called deterring and
disrupting, and one Royal Navy commander fresh back from a five-month deployment off the Horn of
Africa says it is working. “That’s what we were trying to do the whole time along this coast, was to stop
them getting out,” says Jonathan Lett, commanding officer of the Royal Navy frigate HMS Montrose."
LLOYD’S LIST, 21 December 2010, p 4
Co-operation delivers successful results - By Brian Reyes "For a snapshot of international cooperation
in the fight against Somali piracy, look no further than the first run-in between a group of pirates
and the Royal Navy frigate HMS Montrose. The frigate, part of a Nato taskforce, was patrolling its sector
in the safe corridor off Somalia when it received a VHF message from a North Korean vessel Mi Rae.
North Korea’s relations with the wider world are thorny at best, but at sea, distress signals are treated the
same regardless of where they come from. The frigate dispatched its Lynx helicopter and rushed to the
scene, arriving to see the pirates throw their ladders and weapons over the side as they spotted the
warship." LLOYD’S LIST, 21 December 2010, p 4
Citadel use pays off for Beluga Fortune crew - By Brian Reyes "The Royal Navy frigate HMS
Montrose was one of the first warships to respond to a distress signal from the German vessel Beluga
Fortune when it was hijacked by pirates last October. Last week, the frigate’s commander praised the
actions of the ship’s crew and said the citadel tactic they employed had proved highly effective. When
Beluga Fortune’s 16-man crew spotted pirates approaching during a voyage through the Indian Ocean,
they shut down the bridge, cut off the fuel supply and locked themselves into their safe room. Once on
board, the pirates were unable to reach them or get the ship moving again. The Somalis knew too that
they were being monitored by navy intelligence planes and that warships were rushing to the scene.
“Beluga Fortune’s best management practices were incredibly good,” says Jonathan Lett, the
commanding officer of HMS Montrose." LLOYD’S LIST, 21 December 2010, p 4
Wave of attacks hits shipping off Nigeria “Nigeria’s offshore oil industry suffered a series of armed
attacks towards the end of the year, in one of which a seafarer was shot. Early on 22 November, a group
of 10 armed men boarded the 46,491dwt product tanker NS Spirit about 30nm off Lagos, owner Novoship
reported. Its statement noted: ‘The intruders opened fire with automatic weapons. The crew managed to
hide themselves in a shelter. Since the pirates left the vessel no attempts to attack the tanker again have
been registered.’” SAFETY AT SEA INTERNATIONAL, January 2011, p 13
Pirates seek more ships “Attacks continued unabated on shipping in the Gulf of Aden and the western
Indian Ocean in November. A Panamanian-flagged chemical/products tanker was seized about 860nm
east of Somalia on 11 November, according to EU Navfor. The 24,105dwt Hannibal II was en route from
Pasir Gudang, Malaysia, to Suez with a cargo of vegetable oil when it was hijacked at a location
‘considerably closer to India than it is to Somalia.’” SAFETY AT SEA INTERNATIONAL, January 2011, p
13
Justice tried and found wanting “Many pirates are caught, few are convicted. SASI finds out why it is
so hard to bring hijackers to justice.” SAFETY AT SEA INTERNATIONAL, January 2011, p 30
Violent robberies at Port Said spark fresh security concerns - By David Osler and Colum Murphy
"Egypt has seen an unprecedented outbreak of violent robberies against ships at anchor in Port Said, with
two such cases documented in the last few weeks, it emerged yesterday. The International Maritime
Bureau (IMB) stressed that these are the only known incidents in the country in 2010, and that it is too
early to regard the development as the start of a trend. One longstanding expat shipping source warned
that stealing in general has been on the rise in the country. While he had not previously come across
robberies from ships in many years of residence there, petty theft of cargo by stevedores was relatively
commonplace, he said." LLOYD’S LIST, 22 December 2010, p 1
Somali pirates widen their reach - By David Osler "Problem becoming more extensive as ransom
demands for release of a vessel nears $10m barrier. In 2005 Somali piracy finally hit the big time. It
became more sophisticated on every measure, including the type of vessels targeted, the weaponry
employed to do so and the sheer expanse of water covered. Fast forward to the present day, and we have
a reached a situation in which, at the time of writing, there had been 198 reported attacks on merchant
shipping by Somali pirates in the year to date. Use of private military contractors has increased
dramatically. There are no official statistics on this one, but a rough estimate by one professional in the
sector believes that there are armed personnel on board around 15% of the 20,000 or so vessels that
transit the Gulf of Aden every year." LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010, p 10
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High ransoms put Asian owners at risk - By Colum Murphy "Hong Kong and Chinese shipowners are
now “more vulnerable” to pirate attacks as a consequence of high ransom payouts by Asian shipowners, a
leading Hong Kong-based security expert has said. Steve Vickers said recent, huge ransom payments by
Chinese and other Asian shipowners had “jacked up rates ridiculously” for releasing a ship from pirate
control from around $1m to $10m. “It is regrettable that it went from talking tough to paying money rather
quickly,” he said." LLOYD’S LIST, 24 December 2010, p 2
Shipowners urged to rethink use of armed guards, “With piracy increasing, armed guards are said to
be a worthy investment. Graham Freeman is business development director of Elite Maritime Protection
Services (EMPS), a three-year-old company that provides both armed guards and escort vessel
assistance to commercial ships. He says 75% of Elite’s client base is from the shipping industry. “We
meet with owners and operators and they want to know about armed guards as a last minute resort. That
urgently needs to change.” FAIRPLAY 16 December 2010, p 22
US tries to put the squeeze on piracy, “The deterrent effect of pirate trials remains open to question.
With the conviction on 24 November of five Somali nationals for attacking a US warship, a federal jury in
Norfolk, Virginia, attempted to send a message halfway around the world that the US will hit back hard
against pirate attacks on its vessels.” FAIRPLAY 16 December 2010, p 23
Private navy’ is close to kick-off- by Jim Mulrenan “Merchant ships could soon pay for a safe escort
through pirate-infested waters. Sean Woollerson of the Jardine Lloyd Thompson (JLT) insurance-broking
group says there are still issues to overcome but the key task of securing government and military support
to give the project “legitimacy” is almost there. The concept is that shipowners will buy the armed-escort
service packaged with seven days of war-risks cover from Ascot Underwriting’s Lloyd’s syndicate 1414,
backed by Chartis, the insurer created from the rebranding of American International Group. They will
therefore not need to pay the normal additional premium required to transit pirate-infested waters.”
TRADEWINDS, 10 December 2010, p 3
Piracy preparation begins earlier as danger zone grows - By John Drake “Indian waters now
statistically more dangerous than Gulf of Aden as pirates extend range beyond Somalia. Earlier in the
year the Indian government issued guidelines warning of the risk posed by Somali piracy in the region.
These guidelines designated an imaginary line stretching from Salalah in Oman to Male in the Maldives.
The area of greatest risk, according to the guidelines, lay southwest of this line. However, pirate activity
over the past two months has rendered this warning obsolete. Apart from a series of attacks clustered off
the coast of Kenya, a large number of attacks in the Indian Ocean have taken place northeast of the line.
Many have taken place in waters close to India and the Maldives.” LLOYD’S LIST, 17 December 2010, p
9
Fight against piracy is critical to world trade – By Wally Mandryk “Protecting vessels in the Gulf of
Aden and off the Horn of Africa benefits more than seafarers alone. With no early end in sight to
continued piracy activity, Lloyd’s List Intelligence has analysed the profile of shipping and international
seaborne trade moving through the Gulf of Aden and the waters off the Horn of Africa. LLI We have
attempted to identify which national interests benefit most from keeping the waterways free and secure,
and conversely whose interests are put at risk by the threat to safe passage posed by pirate attacks on
merchant ships.” LLOYD’S LIST, 17 December 2010, p 11
Public perception of piracy problems must be a primary priority – By Colum Murphy “The shipping
industry needs to step up its efforts and “use every trick in the book” to educate the general public on the
dangers facing the world’s seafarers, said Peter Cremers , chief executive of Hong Kong-based shipping
services company Anglo-Eastern, writes Colum Murphy in Hong Kong. “We need to be all over the media,
get them on board to help us get rid of piracy,” he said. Mr Cremers comments were prompted by the
huge media response to the recent release of British couple Paul and Rachel Chandler.” LLOYD’S LIST,
17 December 2010, p 2
Monsoons factor into pirate risk “Seasonal weather variations are influencing the operational
movements of pirates in the Indian Ocean. The new year is likely to bring only limited relief from Somali
pirates for ships operating in the Indian Ocean but the Gulf of Aden is set to remain a year-round
battleground. It will be more than six months before ship crews can feel at their safest in the vast expanse
of the Indian Ocean, however, as the two distinct regional monsoon seasons “dictate where the pirates
can operate”, a report claims.” TRADEWINDS, 17 December 2010, p 40
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5. NAVIGATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
GPS jamming – By Alan Grant “The successful GPS jamming trials held in 2008 off the coast of
Flamborough Head, Yorkshire, demonstrated the frailty of GPS-fed systems during periods of GPS
service denial. The demonstrations revealed how some GLA aids-to-navigation (AtoN), along with ship
and shore based systems, provided erroneous data or failed to provide any data under GPS jamming
conditions.” SEAWAYS, December 2010, pp 4-7
The Evolution of Multi-Constellation GNSS and SBAS “While at the end of the last century the US
GPS and the Russian GLONASS system were the only ones to provide global navigation satellite
services, the scenario change completely in 2001 with the decision of the EU to develop and deploy the
European Galileo system. Access to navigation services became a key asset for modern civilizations.
Today we see more and more global or regional navigation satellite systems being deployed or in
conception.” NAVIGATION NEWS, Nov/Dec 2010, pp 8-10
Worries grow over Arctic shipping “Dramatic decline in Arctic sea ice has increased potential for
shorter shipping routes within a few decades, accompanied by repercussions to the climate, according to
new research.” BUNKERWORLD, November/December 2010, p 21
Routes to efficiency under emission control, “Shipping’s response to new emissions control areas
should result in new voyage routings to save money, say Eugene van Rynbach and Karl Briers of Herbert
Engineering Corporation. Approval of the North American Emissions Control Area (NA-ECA), adding to
the existing one in the Baltic and North Seas, means the need to operate in such areas is now a reality for
more shipowners and operators. The impacts on ship design and operational costs need to be
considered.” FAIRPLAY 16 December 2010, pp 24-27
6. POLLUTION/ENVIRONMENT
Chamber hails climate report - By Craig Eason "The International Chamber of Shipping has welcomed
a UN report on climate change financing that has suggested shipping’s contribution should be in line with
its contribution to the problem, and that the best place for reconciling a number of political issues is at the
International Maritime Organization. The ICS made the comments as shipping’s role in reducing climate
change, and financing mitigation, was being discussed at a side event in the Cancun climate talks."
LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 2
Bahamas in compulsory emission cuts call for all ships - By Steve Matthews "The Bahamas is
circulating a draft paper that proposes introducing mandatory cuts in CO2 emissions to existing vessels
on a phased basis. The document argues that only operational and technical measures can deliver
reductions in CO2 emissions and offers this move as an alternative to market based measures, which
“can only deliver cuts by proxy and without guarantee”." LLOYD’S LIST, 3 December 2010, p 1
OOCL calls for mandatory Hong Kong emissions zone - By Colum Murphy "Orient Overseas
Container Line is pushing for Hong Kong to become Asia’s first emission control area and says the
government should offer subsidies to shipping companies to help meet their environmental obligations.
OOCL director of corporate planning Stephen Ng says Hong Kong should make it mandatory for all
players to abide by emissions rules and not rely on the current voluntary set of standards. “We need a
level playing field,” he said. Mr Ng accused the territory’s government of inaction." LLOYD’S LIST, 3
December 2010, p 1
Shortsea sector escalates low-sulphur opposition "Stakeholders present a united stance on new
sulphur rules. The campaign by shortsea shipping against the introduction of very low-sulphur fuel in
European waters has stepped up, with owners, associations and NGOs using a London conference
organised by Shipping Emissions Abatement and Trading (SEAaT) to eviscerate the IMO and EU
regulation process. At issue is the plan to lower the maximum sulphur content of marine fuel burned in
the North Sea and Baltic Sea Emission Control Areas (ECAs) to 0.1% in January 2015 from its current 1%
limit. The global sulphur limit drops to 0.5% from 2020, subject to an availability review to be completed by
2018." FAIRPLAY, 2 December 2010, pp 24-25
Combat the green push at your peril - By Terry Macalister "Efthimios Mitropoulos is heading out to the
United Nations (UN)-sponsored climate-change talks in Mexico wanting to play a positive role. Serious
moves to proceed with ECAs give credibility to the IMO that is vital to head off wider threats that loom for
the shipping industry." TRADEWINDS, 3 December 2010, p 2
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Owners tell UN conference they are only willing to hand over a 'fair' amount of cash to combat
climate change - by Adam Corbett "Shipowners have told the United Nations (UN) Climate Change
Conference in Cancun that they should not be unfairly called on to contribute to a proposed $100bn fund
to help developing countries reduce emissions." TRADEWINDS, 3 December 2010, p 42
New tool measures carbon footprint per container - By Roger Hailey "A new tool measuring the
carbon produced from bunkers in maritime supply chains estimates that international loaded container
journeys in 2010 produced an average 1.4 tonnes per teu, or 278 grams per teu mile. The idea of
calculating the CO2 per container comes as consumer pressure grows to reduce fuel consumption and its
impact on global warming. Only two weeks ago, AP Moller-Maersk championed the idea of a green label
on consumer goods, showing the total carbon emissions of the door-to-shelf supply chain. "LLOYD’S
LIST, 20 December 2010, p 2
Eurotunnel tool to allow Channel customers to assess CO2 impact - By Roger Hailey "Eurotonnel
has launched a Carbon Counter for customers to measure the environmental impact of the different
modes of transport available for UK Channel crossings. The Carbon Counter, which is available on the
Channel Tunnel operator’s website, will help freight and car users choose the most ecological solution for
their business by comparing the greenhouse gas emissions - of which carbon is the most significant - of
the various different modes of transport available. By entering the number of Channel crossings they
make each year, users can calculate the scale of carbon reduction they can achieve." LLOYD’S LIST, 20
December 2010, p 7
1 st July 2010 entry into force of MARPOL Amendments on Air Pollution “New and more stringent
regulations to reduce harmful emissions from ships are expected to have a significant beneficial impact on
the atmospheric environment and on human health, particularly that of people living in port cities and
coastal communities.” SHIPPING REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE, December 2010, p 29
Opportunity to influence revision of EU sulphur regulations “The European Commission (EC) has
launched a public consultation process on a possible revision of European Union (EU) regulations
regarding marine fuel sulphur content. The eight-week public consultation comes as the EC seeks to
amend EU law to harmonise sulphur regulations for ships with the latest amendments to MARPOL Annex
VI, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) global regulation.” BUNKERWORLD,
November/December 2010, p 17
Sustainable Shipping Conference 2010 makes great waves “As the industry and the conference
evolve, delegates and speakers in Miami prove that great things can be achieved through collaboration
and speak about where the focus must lie going forward.” BUNKERWORLD, November/December 2010,
pp 19-20
Singapore embarks on local shipping emissions study “Singapore has engaged a consultant to study
the impact of emissions from ships operating in its waters, says the director-general of environmental
protection at the republic’s National Environment Agency (NEA). ‘Although the Republic is one of the
world’ busiest ports, with as many as 1000 ships calling at any one time, it is not known exactly how much
pollution they contribute,’ Joseph Hui told delegates at the Better Air Quality (BAQ) conference in
Singapore.” BUNKERWORLD, November/December 2010, p 22
Climate inaction “For at least another year shipping has escaped being hauled into a general
international agreement on carbon reduction following the climate-change meeting in Cancun.
International Maritime Organisation (IMO) secretary-general Efthimios Mitropoulos was told to continue
working on regulations to make shipping cleaner. For now, the Kyoto Protocol still applies and that means
the IMO looks after the business of regulating ship emissions. Diplomats at Cancun appear to have
accepted the IMO’s case that it is making good progress on cleaning up shipping through design, financial
incentives and operational measures. TRADEWINDS, 17 December 2010, p 3
Liners confirm switch to low sulphur fuels in Hong Kong “A number of shipping companies have said
they will participate in the Fair Winds Charger initiative, which ‘aims to sustainably improve air quality in
Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta.’ Members of the initiative will voluntarily switch to low sulphur
marine gas oil with a sulphur content of 0.5%, while at berth in Hong Kong, from January 1, 2011 to
December 31, 2012.” BUNKERWORLD, November/December 2010, p 22
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‘War room’ prompts fighting talk "The latest initiative to enable charterers to compare the energy
efficiency of individual ships has attracted attention and opprobrium in equal measure. Its backers claim
shipping has done “pretty well nothing” to tackle CO2 emissions and critics have branded it “bizarre” and
“unhelpful”. Launched with a fanfare by the Carbon War Room – a coalition of business leaders seeking
market-led solutions to climate change – ShippingEfficiency.org uses the IMO’s Energy Efficiency Design
Index (EEDI) to generate ratings for 60,000 ships on the IHS Fairplay database. ShippingEfficiency.org
says the obtained EEDI number is “transposed and benchmarked against other vessels of the same ship
type and size range to create an easy-to-understand and recognised rating.” At the launch, Carbon War
Room figurehead Richard Branson claimed shipping had done “pretty well nothing” to combat climate
change, as its ships “polluted like mad”. He said a more sustainable industry could also be more
profitable." LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010, pp 26-27
7. PORTS AND HARBOURS
Only 11 flags meet low-risk ship criteria - By David Osler "Just 11 flag states have so far met the flag
criteria for low-risk ships under the Paris Memorandum of Understanding’s controversial new inspection
regime, which enters into force on January 1, leaving ships signed up to any other register potentially
subject to more regular port state control checks. Making the cut are Cyprus, Denmark, Germany,
Greece, Liberia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Among the major
players conspicuous by their absence are Panama, the Marshall Islands, Bahamas, Malta, Singapore and
China. The regime is intended to represent a major shake-up in existing port state control arrangements in
the Paris MoU region, working on the principle of rewarding ships that perform well while penalising those
that do not." LLOYD’S LIST, 2 December 2010, p 1
Brussels readies third assault on port services - By Justin Stares "New European Commission policy
paper expected to address dock labour issues. Despite two high-profile failures the European
Commission is inching towards a new attempt to legislate in the field of port services. Ports were expected
to be addressed in the forthcoming commission policy paper entitled The Future of Transport, an official
told a conference in Brussels." LLOYD’S LIST, 2 December 2010, p 2
Port state checklist launched "Avoiding port state control (PSC) detentions is the main aim of a new
checklist in a series produced by Lloyd’s Register and the UK P&I Club. It is designed to help crews and
ship managers avoid common PSC non-compliances. These were identified after a comprehensive
sample analysis of the classed fleet between 2007 and 2009. The most common deficiencies noted by
authorities in ISM-related detentions involve the maintenance of the ship and its equipment, a category
that had three-and-a-half times more deficiencies noted than any other. The list is the fifth in a series of
pocket checklists produced by Lloyd’s Register in conjunction with the UK P&I Club to help compliance
with international conventions. All are available from www.webstore.lr.org or www.ukpandi.com."
FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, December 2010, p 4
Brussels scuttles plans for European Union coastguard - By ustin Stares “A study to assess the
feasibility of setting up a European Union coastguard has been shelved, the European Commission has
admitted. Four years after it was due to reveal its findings, the commission said the study was “poor” and
it would not be published. Brussels sources say the study’s authors were “unrealistic” in their assessment
and did not take into account the multi-faceted nature of existing coastguard services.” LLOYD’S LIST, 16
December 2010, p 1
UK ports move to accelerate truck inspections - By Roger Hailey “Vehicle inspections on trucks
entering British ferry ports have been given a formal framework in an effort to avoid lengthy queues and
port operation delays. The British Ports Association and the UK Major Ports Group have signed a
memorandum with the Vehicle and Operator Services Agency, which conducts checks on trucks for
possible weight and driver infringements.” LLOYD’S LIST, 16 December 2010, p 2
Crime and punishment in port state control Regulation - By Julian Macqueen “Rule-breaking is a
common activity. But not all rules are considered of equal importance. Break a minor rule and expect a
minor penalty; break a major rule and expect tougher treatment. This is how most people would see it
even if there are areas of modern urban life — for example, parking — where some would argue that such
a commonly held assumption is being challenged. Still, it seems that shipping could be about to become
one of those areas. Certainly, the appearance of an extraordinary document on a protection and
indemnity club’s website a couple of weeks ago suggested that this is, indeed, the case. The document
did not mince its words on its chosen topic — the chances of a ship being fined in a Spanish port.”
LLOYD’S LIST, 16 December 2010, p 4
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8. SEAFARERS
Industry faces crisis in officer recruitment - By Steve Matthews "The gap between supply and
demand for officers could reach as high as 11% by 2015, equivalent to a shortage of over 60,000 officers
worldwide, causing severe problems for the industry as economic conditions improve. The latest
BIMCO/International Shipping Federation Manpower 2010 update shows that supply and demand for
ratings is more or less in balance. But it confirms widespread perceptions that there are still some
shortages of officers, particularly for certain ranks and ship types, especially tankers and offshore support
vessels. On a positive note it found that, despite the recent difficult trading conditions, training of new
entrants has mostly been maintained or increased since the last survey in 2005." LLOYD’S LIST, 1
December 2010, p 1
New technologies will raise pressure on the demand for qualified crew - By Craig Eason "Radical
changes to ships over the next decade will create additional demand for qualified crews at a time when
the industry is facing an acute shortage. A recent BIMCO report forecast a worst-case scenario of a
shortage of more than 60,000 officers by 2015 at a time when vessels are set to become increasingly
sophisticated. The range of new technologies that are likely to be installed on ships could see increased
demands for new crewing models to emerge, in which shipowners outsource maintenance and repair
duties to specialists, thus reducing the need for engineers to be highly trained in all the technologies
onboard." LLOYD’S LIST, 3 December 2010, p 4
UK set to cut maritime training scheme funds. By David Osler. Britain's Department for Transport is
set to reveal potentially sizeable cuts in Maritime and Coastguard Agency funding and the Support for
Maritime Training scheme, perhaps as early as later this week, Lloyd’s List has learned. It remained
unclear just how deep the axe will fall, although with the coalition currently embarking on plans to cut
public spending by £80bn ($125.4bn) over the next four years in the most far-reaching retrenchment since
the 1920s, the expectation was that shipping can expect to share the pain. An announcement has already
been postponed at least once, and one source close to the matter suggested that the news could be
slipped out on Thursday, when it will be buried in media coverage of a crucial vote on trebling higher
education tuition fees.” LLOYD’S LIST, 6 December 2010, p. 1
Latest figures provide ammo for pay talks - By Adam Corbett "An easing of the labour market for
officers and ratings is likely to support shipowners calls to keep wages in check in upcoming collective
bargaining negotiations. The International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF) is set to resume pay talks
with the International Maritime Employment Committee (Imec) and Joint Negotiating Group (JNG) early
next year after agreeing a pay freeze at the end of 2008." TRADEWINDS, 3 December 2010, p 43
Greek owners face shortage of homegrown officers - By Nigel Lowry “Greek shipping companies
have greater trust in Greek officers than other nationalities but the industry is threatened by a declining
number of available Greek officer candidates, a new crew survey by PricewaterhouseCoopers in Greece
and Cyprus has found. Backing up one of the survey’s key findings, many of the participant companies
claimed the number of officers and seafarers available in the Greek market had “considerably decreased”
in the last few years.” LLOYD’S LIST, 16 December 2010, p 1
9. SHIPBUILDING AND RECYCLING OF SHIPS
Chittagong breakers left unable to scrap beached vessels - By Liz McCarthy "Despite around 20
ships being beached for demolition in Chittagong this month after securing approval from customs
officials, Bangladeshi shipbreakers have yet to be been granted permission to resume dismantling
vessels. This has added to the uncertainty looming over Bangladesh’s shiprecycling industry, leaving
shipbreakers and demolition brokers confused about what progress the government has made towards
providing vessels with toxic-free certificates before being imported for demolition. “Even the yards don’t
know what is going on. They’re just saying, ‘It’s terrible. It’s terrible’,” one London-based broker said."
LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 8
Pakistan set to overtake Bangladesh this year "Pakistan looks set to recycle more tonnage this year
than Bangladesh, as a freeze in ship demolition for most of this year has allowed Gadani breakers to
compete more aggressively for vessels. In the year to date, Gadani breakers have bought at least 3.9m
dwt of tonnage for demolition, according to data from Clarkson Research Services. This is just shy of the
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4.3m dwt Chittagong yards have dismantled, and if uncertainty continues in Bangladesh this figure could
stay flat further into this month." LLOYD’S LIST, 1 December 2010, p 8
Cash buyer supports Bangladeshi yards to gain ISO certificates - By Liz McCarthy "The world’s
largest cash buyer of ships sold for demolition, GMS, is helping three Bangladesh recycling yards to gain
certification from the International Organization for Standardization. The US-based company announced
last week that with its technical assistance the yards had been recommended to be awarded the ISO
9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001 and ISO 30000 certificates. The move, said GMS, “demonstrated the
commitment and readiness of Bangladeshi ship recyclers towards raising standards at their recycling
yards and ensuring environmentally sound and responsible ship recycling practices in compliance” with
the International Maritime Organizations’ Hong Kong Convention on the Environmentally Safe and Sound
Recycling of Ships 2009." LLOYD’S LIST, 20 December 2010, p 9
Bangladesh scrap recovery hit by second court ruling - By Brian Reyes "The High Court in
Bangladesh has again banned the import of scrap ships into the country, dealing a crippling blow to
Chittagong breakers just as they were preparing to get back to business. The decision followed an
application by the Bangladesh Environmental Lawyers Association, which argued that previous court
rulings requiring tighter environmental and labour safety standards had been ignored. Chittagong yards
had been out of action for around nine months but interim measures put in place by the government had
allowed some sites to import vessels again. The ruling means no imports will be allowed until a definitive
resolution is found." LLOYD’S LIST, 21 December 2010, p 7
Sustainable think-tank to consider future ship types - By Craig Eason "Greek tanker owner Tsakos
Energy Navigation hopes its participation in the Sustainable Shipping Initiative will lead to a clearer picture
of how shipowners can get vessels built that are compliant with future industry regulations. TEN vicepresident
Vasilis Papageorgiou points to the Catch-22 situation that owners find themselves in today,
being expected by society to build sustainable vessels, but not knowing what the rules will be, nor having
sufficient support from shipyards in delivering them." LLOYD’S LIST, 21 December 2010, p 5
IACS delight at the adoption of Common Structural Rules by IMO - By Felicity Landon "For Derek
Hodgson, permanent secretary of the International Association of Classification Societies, the highlight of
2010 for class has undoubtedly revolved around the harmonisation of the Common Structural Rules for
tankers and bulkers, and reaching agreement with the International Maritime Organization regarding their
adoption into goal-based standards. As a result, from June 1, 2016, new regulations to be adopted into
Solas will require new bulkers and tankers of 150 m long and above to be designed and built to
classification rules which have been verified by the IMO as meeting the new goal-based ship construction
standards. “That is a fairly tight programme but we were very pleased that the IMO Maritime Safety
Committee agreed the implementation schedule,” says Mr Hodgson." LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010,
p 11
10. SHIPPING
Australia signals ship register intent - By Roger Hailey "Australia's government has met an election
promise to strengthen the nation’s shipping industry by issuing a discussion paper whose policy initiatives
include an international register and a tonnage tax. Infrastructure and Transport Minister Anthony
Albanese said that the reforms being proposed by the Labor government were intended to “restore the
viability and reverse the decline” of Australia’s shipping industry." LLOYD’S LIST, 2 December 2010, p 5
Cyprus urges EU to act on Turkish ban - By Justin Stares "Cyprus took its frustration over the longstanding
Turkish ban on its shipping interests to the European Union council of transport ministers
yesterday after hinting that tougher measures against the Turkish fleet could be required. Cypriot minister
Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis said she would ask the European Commission to come up with
“countermeasures” if Turkey did not to drop its 23-year-old ban, which affects Cypriot-flagged vessels,
ships managed by Cyprus-based companies, and ships calling in Turkey after making a Cyprus call."
LLOYD’S LIST, 3 December 2010, p 2
Bahamas flag steps up bid to woo Asian owners - By Colum Murphy "The Bahamas Maritime
Authority has chosen Hong Kong as its base for attracting more Asian shipowners to the Bahamas flag.
“Hong Kong is close to many big shipowners,” said The Bahamas Maritime Authority deputy director
Douglas Bell. The Hong Kong office, which opened in late October, would target Chinese shipowners,
both from the mainland and Hong Kong, as well as shipowners from Japan and South Korea, he said. An
important step towards achieving that goal was to change perceptions among shipbuilders, many of whom
remain loyal to the Panama flag, he said." LLOYD’S LIST, 20 December 2010, p 5
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Decisions for class "Class is at a crossroads – one path points to winning a greater share of business,
another toward closer links with academia and a third toward greater innovation. Richard Clayton looks at
which way societies are likely to go." LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010, pp 4-5
Owners mull finance options "A range of finance options are on the table for shipping in 2011.
Shipowners will look for alternative sources of finance in the New Year, as banks remain cautious about
lending money. The bond market, private shipowners and private equity funds are possible sources of
funds as banks stick with key clients. Jianjun Wang, director of shipping asset management at RBS,
pointed out that global orders have slowed down across Capesizes, VLCCs and containerships this year.
“New orders will slow down even further and getting finance will be a challenge for shipowners in 2011,”
he predicted." LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010, p 16
11. SPECIAL REPORTS
Annual Review 2010: LLOYD’S LIST, 23 December 2010, pp 1-12
Gas carriers: FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, December 2010, pp 26-30
Indian Ocean security: SAFETY AT SEA INTERNATIONAL, January 2011, pp 26-29
Navigation and Bridge: FAIRPLAY SOLUTIONS, December 2010, pp 16-25
Navigation and Bridge: SAFETY AT SEA INTERNATIONAL, January 2011, pp 17-19
Passenger ship safety: SAFETY AT SEA INTERNATIONAL, January 2011, pp 20-24
Recycling: SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, November 2010, pp 34-36
Ship Design: SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, November 2010, pp 30-33
Shipping forecast: 2011 TRADEWINDS, 23 December 2010, pp 19-36
Spain: SHIPPING WORLD AND SHIPBUILDER, November 2010, pp 22-25
12. SOURCES
In this issue:
Bunker World: http://www.bunkerworld.com
Fairplay International Shipping Weekly: http://www.fairplay.co.uk
Fairplay Solutions http://www.solutionsmagazine.co.uk/
Lloyd’s List: http://www.lloydslist.com
Navigation News: http://www.rin.org.uk/
Safety at Sea International: www.safetyatsea.net
Seaways: http://www.nautinst.org/Seaways/index.htm
Shipping Regulations and Guidance: http://www.witherbyseamanship.com/
Shipping World & Shipbuilder http://www.shippingworld.org/
TradeWinds: www.tradewinds.no
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