The Worldwide Emergence of Social Enterprise - PARC

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OVERVIEW 1. Some historical backgrounds 2. The approach built up by the EMES European Research Network 3. Work integration social enterprises in the EU 4 . Social enterprises in the whole social economy (third sector) 5. Towards a EU - US - East Asian Comparative Perspective 2
1. Some historical backgrounds A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR, SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP, SOCIAL ENTERPRISE • Appearance of these notions around 1990 (US and Western Europe) • Development of a whole literature since the mid-90's – United States: around Ashoka, business schools and proactive foundations supporting social entrepreneurs or NPOs’ strategies to earn market income – Western Europe: social enterprises reflect new developments within the "third sector" or the "social economy" (voluntary organizations, NGOs, cooperatives,…) – Social entrepreneurship: spectrum of initiatives much wider than the concept of social enterprise 3
Page 1: International Conference on Social
Page 5 and 6: C. THE WORKS OF THE « EMES EUROPEA
Page 7 and 8: • New legal frameworks related to
Page 9 and 10: 2. The approach built by the EMES N
Page 11 and 12: • The 5 social criteria: - An exp
Page 13 and 14: 3. Work Integration Social Enterpri
Page 15 and 16: Main characteristic of target group
Page 17 and 18: Resources used Donations/Volunteeri
Page 19 and 20: • Integration of immigrants and f
Page 21 and 22: A. THE SOCIAL ENTERPRISE AS A BRIDG
Page 23 and 24: A. THE SOCIAL ENTERPRISE AS A BRIDG
Page 25 and 26: 4. Toward EU - US - East Asia Compa
Page 27 and 28: B. Key social actors which have sha
Page 29 and 30: C. Three major conceptions of socia
Page 31 and 32: 1. The “Earned Income” school (
Page 33 and 34: 3. The EMES approach (summary) •
Page 35 and 36: 2. The economic dimension of the en
Page 37 and 38: 4. The diffusion of social innovati
Page 39 and 40: A hypothesis to be discussed in thi

The Worldwide Emergence of Social Enterprise - PARC

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