Ruth M. Kleinpell, PhD, RN-CS, FAAN, FAANP - Springer Publishing

Chapter 1 Measuring Outcomes in Advanced Practice Nursing 5
Table 1.2
NURSE-SENSITIVE OUTCOMES OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING
Patient satisfaction
Symptom resolution or reduction
Compliance/adherence
Patient/family knowledge
Collaboration among care providers
Functional status
Patient self-esteem
Knowledge and skill of other care providers
Length of time in hospital
Staff satisfaction with work
Costs of care
Patient preparedness for interventions
Source: Adapted from Ingersoll, McIntosh, and Williams (2000).
Specific nurse-sensitive outcomes of advanced practice nursing have also
been identified (see Table 1.2) (Ingersoll, McIntosh, & Williams, 2000).
Studies focusing on APN care in specialty areas of practice such as
acute care have examined several aspects of patient care outcomes,
including ventilatory weaning (Burns & Earven, 2002; Burns et al.,
2003), rates of urinary tract infection and skin breakdown (Russell,
Vorder-Bruegge, & Burns, 2002), use of laboratory tests (Gawlinski,
2001), length of stay (LOS) (Burns & Earven, 2002; Burns et al., 2003;
Meyer & Miers, 2005; Miller, 1979; Russell et al., 2002; Spisso et
al., 1990), readmission rates (Venner & Steelbinder, 1996), mortality
(Burns et al., 2003; Venner & Steelbinder, 1996), and costs of care
(Burns & Earven, 2002; Burns et al., 2003; Carzoli et al., 1994; Cintron,
Bigas, Linates, Aranda, & Hernandez, 1983; Dahle, Smith, Ingersol, &
Wilson, 1998; Meyer & Miers, 2005; Paul, 2000), discharge instructions
(Kleinpell & Gawlinski, 2005), smoking cessation (Kleinpell & Gawlinski,
2005), use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers,
and anticoagulation for cardiac patients (Kleinpell & Gawlinski,
2005), X-ray interpretation skills (Freij, Duffy, Hackett, Cunningham,
& Fothergill, 1996), thoracostomy tube performance (Bevis et
al., 2008), intracranial pressure monitor placement (Kaups, Parks, &
Morris, 1998), epilepsy care outcomes (Sarkissian & Wennberg, 1999),