The Accelerating Universe

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Expansion in Theory Hubble law discovered in 1929 could have been predicted by Einstein in 1915 (General Relativity) Einstein’s equations for gravity’s effect on space-time showed either an expansion or contraction should occur: 8πG ρ Λc 2 H 2 = ------- + ---- 3c 2 3 H is the expansion rate at any time and H 0 is the expansion rate now => the Hubble constant ρ is the density of matter in the universe=> source of gravity v=H 0 d The equation has two solutions: positive or negative expansion. Einstein thought the Universe should be static, so he added a term he called the “cosmological constant” that can cancel the matter’s gravity => his biggest blunder! (he later said)
Supernovae – Maybe Standard Candles? Can outshine all the other 100 billion stars in their host galaxy. Make most of the elements heavier than H,He Zwicky –1930 suggested they are the collapse of a massive star when it runs out of fuel. Really two completely different types: Massive stars-core collapse “White Dwarf” – detonation
Page 1 and 2: The Accelerating Universe Peter Gar
Page 3 and 4: The Universe is Expanding! 1929 Edw
Page 5 and 6: Hubble was Wrong (sort of) Hubble
Page 7: Measuring Distance is Simple but Ha
Page 11 and 12: “Explosion” of a Star - Type Ia
Page 13 and 14: Type Ib/c removed Original Hubble D
Page 15 and 16: Extending the Hubble Diagram The li
Page 17 and 18: Searching for Supernovae
Page 19 and 20: Distant Hubble Diagram Both groups
Page 21 and 22: Acceleration Universe will look ver
Page 23 and 24: What is the dark energy? Both the m
Page 25 and 26: A Dark, Accelerating Universe 0.1%
Page 27 and 28: Recombination - 14 billion years -
Page 29: Inflation Expanded a small piece of

The Accelerating Universe

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