Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum

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268. Pop VJ, de Rooy HA, Vader HL, van der Heide D, van Son MM, Komproe IH 1993 Microsomal antibodies during gestation in relation to postpartum thyroid dysfunction and depression. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 129:26–30 269. Pop VJ, de Rooy HA, Vader HL, van der Heide D, van Son M, Komproe IH, Essed GG, de Geus CA 1991 Postpartum thyroid dysfunction and depression in an unselected population. N Engl J Med 324:1815–1816 270. Hayslip CC, Fein HG, O’Donnell VM, Friedman DS, Klein TA, Smallridge RC 1988 The value of serum antimicrosomal antibody testing in screening for symptomatic postpartum thyroid dysfunction. Am J Obstet Gynecol 159:203–209 271. Lucas A, Pizarro E, Granada ML, Salinas I, Sanmarti A 2001 Postpartum thyroid dysfunction and postpartum depression: are they two linked disorders? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 55:809–814 272. Stuckey BG, Kent GN, Allen JR 2001 The biochemical and clinical course of postpartum thyroid dysfunction: the treatment decision. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 54:377–383 273. Adams H, Jones MC, Othman S, Lazarus JH, Parkes AB, Hall R, Phillips DI, Richards CJ 1992 The sonographic appearances in postpartum thyroiditis. Clin Radiol 45:311–315 274. Creagh FM, Parkes AB, Lee A, Adams H, Hall R, Richards CJ, Lazarus JH 1994 The iodide perchlorate discharge test in women with previous postpartum thyroiditis: relationship to sonographic appearance and thyroid function. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 40:765–768 275. Azizi F 2005 The occurrence of permanent thyroid failure in patients with subclinical postpartum thyroiditis. Eur J Endocrinol 153:367–371 276. Othman S, Phillips DI, Parkes AB, Richards CJ, Harris B, Fung H, Darke C, John R, Hall R, Lazarus JH 1990 A long-term follow-up of postpartum thyroiditis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 32:559–564 277. Premawardhana LD, Parkes AB, Ammari F, John R, Darke C, Adams H, Lazarus JH 2000 Postpartum thyroiditis and long-term thyroid status: prognostic influence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies and ultrasound echogenicity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:71–75 278. Tachi J, Amino N, Tamaki H, Aozasa M, Iwatani Y, Miyai K 1988 Long term follow-up and HLA association in patients with postpartum hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 66:480–484 279. Negro R, Greco G, Mangieri T, Pezzarossa A, Dazzi D, Hassan H 2007 The influence of selenium supplementation on postpartum thyroid status in pregnant women with thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 280. Lazarus JH, Premawardhana LD 2005 Screening for thyroid disease in pregnancy. J Clin Pathol 58:449–452 281. Vaidya B, Anthony S, Bilous M, Shields B, Drury J, Hutchison S, Bilous R 2007 Detection of thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy: universal screening or targeted high-risk case finding? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:203–207 THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY’S CLINICAL GUIDELINES 78
Acknowledgments The members of the Task Force thank Dr. Robert Vigersky, the members of the Clinical Guidelines Subcommittee, the Clinical Affairs Committee, and The Endocrine Society’s Council for their careful review of earlier versions of this manuscript and their helpful suggestions. We thank Patricia A. Stephens, Ph.D., medical writer on this guideline, who meticulously checked the references and formatted the guideline into its current form. We thank the many members of The Endocrine Society who reviewed the draft version of this manuscript when it was posted on the Society web site and who sent a great number of additional comments, most of which were incorporated into the final version of the manuscript. In addition, we thank the leadership of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Asia & Oceania Thyroid Association, American Thyroid Association, European Thyroid Association, and the Latin American Thyroid Society, for having the foresight to endorse this important document and for providing us with some of their most qualified experts in the field. Finally, we thank the staff at The Endocrine Society office for their helpful support during the development of this Guideline. Financial Disclosure of Task Force Leslie J. DeGroot, MD (chair) – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: Occasional consultant with Abbott Laboratories; Grant or Other Research Support: None Declared; Other: Grant support to Thyroidmanager.org Web site by Abbott Laboratories. Marcos S. Abalovich, MD – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: None Declared; Grant or Other Research Support: None Declared. Nobuyuki Amino, MD, PhD – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: None Declared; Grant or Other Research Support: None Declared. Linda A. Barbour, MSPH, MD – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: None Declared; Grant or Other Research Support: None Declared. Rhoda H. Cobin, MD – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: None Declared; Grant or Other Research Support: None Declared. Daniel Glinoer, MD, PhD – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: None Declared; Grant or Other Research Support: Ministère de la Communauté Française (Administration Générale de l’Enseignement et de la Recherche Scientifique) within the framework of A.R.C. (Actions de Recherche Concertée; convention N° 04/09-314). Susan J. Mandel, MD, MPH – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: King Pharmaceuticals; Grant or Other Research Support: None Declared. Alex Stagnaro-Green, MD – Significant Financial Interests: None Declared; Governance: None Declared; Consultation or Advisement: None Declared; Grant or Other Research Support: None Declared. MANAGEMENT OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION DURING PREGNANCY AND POSTPARTUM 79
Page 1 and 2:
The Endocrine Society’s CLINICAL
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Abstract Objective: The objective i
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A: The USPSTF strongly recommends t
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(33,34) and increases the risk of l
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2.1.b.4. Umbilical blood sampling s
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depression should be screened for h
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23. Rosen IB, Korman M, Walfish PG
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using the classical reference range
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probable SCH) during pregnancy was
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g/d; and for those with a serum TSH
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Forty-one women (31 receiving levot
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Leung AS, Millar LK, Koonings PP, M
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hormone crosses the placenta to pre
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(Graves’ disease and chronic auto
Page 29 and 30: 2.3.7. Maternal ATD therapy: effect
Page 31 and 32: suggested that pregnancy be avoided
Page 33 and 34: 2.4.a.5. There is no evidence that
Page 35 and 36: Case report of a noncompliant woman
Page 37 and 38: Millar LK, Wing DA, Leung AS, Kooni
Page 39 and 40: The authors monitored thyroid funct
Page 41 and 42: 3.3. EVIDENCE 3.3.1. Diagnosis. Ges
Page 43 and 44: than euthyroid patients to have abn
Page 45 and 46: women who became pregnant. Of patie
Page 47 and 48: Finally, a single study has evaluat
Page 49 and 50: thyroiditis, and finally to delinea
Page 51 and 52: nonpregnant state, the degree of TS
Page 53 and 54: statistically significant survival
Page 55 and 56: The RNI for iodine during pregnancy
Page 57 and 58: 2) median UIE levels indicating opt
Page 59 and 60: without overt thyroid disease befor
Page 61 and 62: In 1991 Pop et al. (269) evaluated
Page 63 and 64: appropriately treated. The USPSTF r
Page 65 and 66: papers were excluded on the basis o
Page 67 and 68: 8. Radetti G, Gentili L, Paganini C
Page 69 and 70: References 1. Abalovich M, Gutierre
Page 71 and 72: 43. Fenzi GF, Giusti LF, Aghini-Lom
Page 73 and 74: 95. Ecker JL, Musci TJ 2000 Thyroid
Page 75 and 76: 146. Polak M, Le Gac I, Vuillard E,
Page 77 and 78: 195. Hill Jr CS, Clark RL, Wolf M 1
Page 79: 244. McCanlies E, O’Leary LA, Fol
Page 83 and 84: Commercial Reprint Information For
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