Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 19001937 - British Library

1905
1905-07 Revolution in Russian Empire.
• January Bloody Sunday massacre in St.Petersburg, Russia.
• June Battleship Potemkin Uprising in Odesa.
• 17 Oct Manifesto grants full civil rights to the subjects of the
Empire and promises the establishment of a parliament or duma.
The ban on Ukrainian-language publications is lifted till another
strict ban in 1914.
• 8 Mar Embryonic Sinn Fein started, as Dungannon Club, in
Belfast. (Importance of violent revolution in aesthetics of
modernism?)
• 12 May First Suffragette demonstration, Westminster, organised
by E. Pankhurst (nb. Suffragette as a word, invented later by Daily
Mail on 10 th Jan 1906).
• 29 Jun Automobile Association founded.
• October HMS Dreadnought – faster and with greater range than
any other warships – begins construction. Launched Feb 1906.
• Union between Sweden and Norway is dissolved.
• General Strike in Finland.
• Albert Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity in the
journal Annalen der Physik.
BELGIUM
• A group of Flemish Expressionists led by Albert Servaes and
including Constant Permeke, Gustave De Smet and Frits Van den
Berghe settle in Laethem-Saint-Martin. a small village near Ghent
previously colonised by group of Symbolist artists led by George
Minne.
FRANCE
• The Fauves exhibit at the Salon d’Automne in Paris.
• Marinetti Le Roi Bombance published in Paris.
GERMANY
• Die Brücke (The Bridge), a loose collective of artists founded in
Dresden by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Erich Heckel, Karl Schmidt-
Rottluff and Fritz Bleyl.
Dresden, Premiere of Richard Strauss Salomé.
• Berlin: Max Reinhardt takes over the management of the
Deutsches Theater.
• Christian Morgenstern, Galgenlieder
GREAT BRITAIN
• Work on early garden city at Letchworth begins.
• Shaw’s Mrs Warren’s Profession has to be performed privately
(first public performance in 1925). Man and Superman, with Act 3
omitted (dream sequence set in hell), and Major Barbara
performed at Royal Court.
• H. G. Wells, Kipps.
ITALY
• Marinetti’s review Poesia (-1909).
• Mario Morasso La nuova arma: la macchina.
LATVIA
• A new Museum of Art opens in Riga.
1906
• Election of the first Duma (Parliament) in Russia.
• Trans-Siberian railway completed.
• Women get the vote in Finland (first in the world to be granted
full national political rights ie. suffrage and eligibility to stand for
election to their national Parliament).
AUSTRIA
• Robert Musil, Die Verwirrungen des Jünglings Törless (The
confusions of young Törless).
FRANCE
• Paris, Matisse exhibition in the Salon d’Automne includes Le
Bonheur de vivre.
• Paris, exhibition of Russian art at the Grand Palais organised by
Diaghilev – Larionov, Jawlewsky, and Kandinsky come to Paris.
• Derain in London paints a series of 19 views of the city
commissioned by Ambroise Vollard.
• Death of Cézanne.
GERMANY
• Dresden: 1st exhibition by Die Brücke (which is largely ignored
by critics and public).
• Berlin, Kandinsky exhibition in the Galerie Wertheim.
• Opening of the Hauptbahnhof Hamburg, the largest railway
station built to date.
ITALY
• Boccioni travels to Paris and Russia.
• Modigliani and Severini in Paris.
SCANDINAVIA
• Death of Henrik Ibsen.
UKRAINE
• Kyiv Exhibition by Archipenko and Bohomazov.