Jeffrey Karafa - University of Memphis

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Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the guidance of Dr. Mihalis Golias. It was because of his encouragement that I decided to attend graduate school. His advice has been instrumental in all my academic endeavors and his support has meant a great deal to both me and my family. I am deeply indebted to Dr. Golias for everything he has done for me. I would like to thank Dr. Ivey and Dr. Lipinski for the advice they have given me over my academic career and for the opportunity to work and learn through the Intermodal Freight Transportation Institute. Finally I would like to thank my wife, Shri, and my children, Emma and Seth. Their love and support guides me in everything that I do. ii
Abstract Karafa, Jeffery. MSc. The University of Memphis. May 2012. Simulating Gate Strategies at Intermodal Marine Container Terminals. Major Professor: Dr. Mihalis M. Golias. Intermodal Marine Container Terminals are experiencing growth in container volumes and are under pressure to develop strategies to accommodate increasing demand. One of the major factors contributing to the problem is inefficient gate operations that can cause serious safety, congestion, and environmental problems. There is a plethora of ongoing discussions concerning the implementation of different operational strategies that may relieve the effects of congestion and improve air quality. This thesis presents the development of a traffic simulation model capable of measuring the impact of various gate strategies on congestion at terminal gates. The proposed model is used to quantify both travel time and delay, and emission levels at terminal gates before and after gate strategies have been implemented. To our knowledge this is the first attempt, in the published literature, to capture delays and emissions at the gates of terminals using a traffic simulation model. iii
Page 1: SIMULATING GATE STRATEGIES AT INTER
Page 5 and 6: 4.2 Comparison of gate strategies .
Page 7 and 8: List of Figures Figure Page 1. Sate
Page 9 and 10: 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem definit
Page 11 and 12: Various strategies have been implem
Page 13 and 14: 2. LITERATURE REVIEW The importance
Page 15 and 16: without support from port operators
Page 17 and 18: was included to simulate container
Page 19 and 20: leaving the plug-in to control the
Page 21 and 22: 3. METHODOLOGY This section describ
Page 23 and 24: N Newark Bay Source: http://www.goo
Page 25 and 26: chassis (from now on referred to as
Page 27 and 28: ) zones representing non-terminal o
Page 29 and 30: for trucks destined to terminals an
Page 31 and 32: Waypoint routing rules were a criti
Page 33 and 34: chassis depot exit gates were reduc
Page 35 and 36: expansion. Figure 5 provides a sche
Page 37 and 38: Table 4 APM Entrance Nextlane Distr
Page 39 and 40: the entrance and exit gates in the
Page 41 and 42: TABLE 5 Maher Entrance Nextlane Dis
Page 43 and 44: Source: http://www.google.com/earth
Page 45 and 46: Link 2 Link 1 Link 3 FIGURE 14 Lane
Page 47 and 48: Entrance Gate Approach Exit Gate &
Page 49 and 50: lane 3 by weaving container trucks
Page 51 and 52: FIGURE 20 Simulation of the PNCT Ch
Page 53 and 54:
Entrance Approach Exit Gate & Appro
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Figure 22 shows that the restrictio
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lane. This restriction was added af
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FIGURE 25 Exit Lane Restrictions at
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the terminal gates were assumed to
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PNE entrance demands for peak hours
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FIGURE 26 Distribution of Vehicles
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passenger car demand among the zone
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TABLE 7 Distribution of Truck Deman
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8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% 1 3 5 7
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Adjustment of the algorithm for the
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3.6 Modeling emissions Modeling emi
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4. RESULTS As described in the prev
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Seconds (x 1000) 30 25 20 Apt 10% A
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Delays for vehicles at links leadin
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4.2 Comparison of gate strategies T
Page 85 and 86:
Figure 35 shows that under the CPO,
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% difference with CPO -90% -80% -70
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% difference with CPO hour scenario
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Figure 39 shows that hourly emissio
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5. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH
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occurring at an IMCT. Establishing
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14. Morais, P., & Lord, E. (2006).
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Grams x 10000000 Grams x 10000000 G
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Grams x 100000 Grams x 100000 Grams
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Grams x 10000000 Grams x 10000000 G
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Jeffrey Karafa - University of Memphis

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