Concentrating Solar Power - Renewables Made in Germany
Concentrating Solar Power - Renewables Made in Germany
Concentrating Solar Power - Renewables Made in Germany
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I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
<strong>Concentrat<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Solar</strong> <strong>Power</strong> – Potentials of<br />
the Arabian pen<strong>in</strong>sula and New<br />
Technology Trends <strong>Made</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
Nad<strong>in</strong>e May<br />
World Future Energy Summit,<br />
20.01.2009, Abu Dhabi
<strong>Concentrat<strong>in</strong>g</strong> solar power applications<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
<strong>Concentrat<strong>in</strong>g</strong><br />
<strong>Solar</strong> Collector<br />
Field<br />
<strong>Solar</strong><br />
Heat<br />
<strong>Power</strong> Cycle<br />
Steam Turb<strong>in</strong>e +<br />
Generator<br />
Thermal<br />
Energy<br />
Storage<br />
Electricity<br />
• solar or hybrid electricity<br />
• comb<strong>in</strong>ed heat and power<br />
• <strong>in</strong>creased solar operat<strong>in</strong>g<br />
hours through storage<br />
Process Heat for cool<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
dry<strong>in</strong>g, seawater desal<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
©DLR<br />
Fuel
Parabolic Dish<br />
CSP-Technologies<br />
Tower<br />
L<strong>in</strong>ear Fresnel<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
Parabolic trough
<strong>Solar</strong> potential <strong>in</strong> the Mediterranean region<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• <strong>in</strong> 2050 energy demand of the MENA countries will be as high as <strong>in</strong><br />
Europe (3500-4000 TWh/y)<br />
• high direct normal irradiation <strong>in</strong> the areas around the tropic of cancer
<strong>Solar</strong> potential of the Arabian pen<strong>in</strong>sula<br />
DNI: 2000-2500<br />
kWh/m²/y<br />
Technical potential:<br />
200.000 TWh/y<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k
Exclusion criteria for CSP<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
No exclusion<br />
Population and <strong>in</strong>dustry<br />
Hydrographical structures<br />
Protected areas<br />
Landcover<br />
Geomorphological structures<br />
Slope >2%<br />
©DLR, MED-CSP
United Arab Emirates<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
Electricity Potential [TWh/y]<br />
Electricity Potential [TWh/y]<br />
1000<br />
900<br />
800<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
350<br />
300<br />
250<br />
200<br />
150<br />
100<br />
50<br />
0<br />
Technical Potential - United Arabian Emirates<br />
1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 ><br />
2800<br />
DNI [kWh/m²a]<br />
Coast Potential - United Arabian Emirates (20 m a. s. l.)<br />
1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 ><br />
2800<br />
DNI [kWh/m²a]<br />
DNI [kWh/m²/y]<br />
Technical Potential: 2078 TWh/y (DNI > 1800 kWh/m²/y)<br />
Economic Potential: 1988 TWh/y (DNI > 2000 kWh/m²/y)<br />
<strong>Power</strong> Demand 2000: 36 TWh/y<br />
<strong>Power</strong> Demand 2050: 24 TWh/y (Scenario CG/HE)<br />
Tentative CSP 2050: 10 TWh/y (Scenario CG/HE)<br />
Coastal Potential: 538 TWh/y (< 20 m a. s. l.)<br />
Water Demand 2050: 8 TWh/y (<strong>Power</strong> for Desal<strong>in</strong>ation)<br />
©DLR, MED-CSP
Saudi Arabia<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
Electricity Potential [TWh/y]<br />
Electricity Potential [TWh/y]<br />
40000<br />
35000<br />
30000<br />
25000<br />
20000<br />
15000<br />
10000<br />
5000<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
0<br />
Technical Potential - Saudi Arabia<br />
1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 ><br />
2800<br />
DNI [kWh/m²a]<br />
Coast Potential - Saudi Arabia (20 m a. s. l.)<br />
1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 ><br />
2800<br />
DNI [kWh/m²a]<br />
DNI [kWh/m²/y]<br />
Technical Potential: 125260 TWh/y (DNI > 1800 kWh/m²/y)<br />
Economic Potential: 124560 TWh/y (DNI > 2000 kWh/m²/y)<br />
<strong>Power</strong> Demand 2000: 119 TWh/y<br />
<strong>Power</strong> Demand 2050: 305 TWh/y (Scenario CG/HE)<br />
Tentative CSP 2050: 135 TWh/y (Scenario CG/HE)<br />
Coastal Potential: 2055 TWh/y (< 20 m a. s. l.)<br />
Water Demand 2050: 99 TWh/y (<strong>Power</strong> for Desal<strong>in</strong>ation)<br />
©DLR, MED-CSP
Potential of CSP<br />
© May<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k
Advantages and challenges<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• High potential of solar energy and space <strong>in</strong> the Mediterranean<br />
region<br />
• High local value<br />
• Cont<strong>in</strong>uous production possible with storage technolgies or<br />
hybridisation<br />
• Technology already available and proved<br />
• lowest LEC <strong>in</strong> comparison to other renewables<br />
• Comb<strong>in</strong>ed generation of electrictiy, heat, cool<strong>in</strong>g and dr<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g<br />
water<br />
• Political support, also cross-border (feed-<strong>in</strong> tariffs, R&D)<br />
• High <strong>in</strong>vestment costs -> cost reduction needed through<br />
higher operat<strong>in</strong>g temperatures, storage technologies, efficient<br />
concentrator concepts, <strong>in</strong>novative materials, quality<br />
improvement measures
Roadmaps<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• 2020: 30 GW <strong>in</strong> EU and 10 GW <strong>in</strong> North Africa predicted, worldwide 50 GW<br />
• sales prices for electricity 14-19 ct/kWh <strong>in</strong> 2020 (ESTELA)<br />
• Investment costs for 20 GW amount up to 81 Mrd. €<br />
(ANDASOL 50 MW, 320 Mio. €, 6400 €/kW)<br />
• 235.000 new jobs could be created <strong>in</strong> Europe und North Africa,<br />
GW<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
€/kWh<br />
0,25<br />
0,20<br />
0,15<br />
0,10<br />
20<br />
0,05<br />
10<br />
0<br />
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030<br />
ESTELA, Europa McK<strong>in</strong>sey, weltweit BMU 2006, weltweit ESTELA, Nordafrika<br />
0,00<br />
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025<br />
Sales price, ESTELA (2.100 kWh/m²)<br />
Sales price NA, ESTELA (ca. 2.500 kWh/m²)<br />
Sales price, ESTELA (2.600 kWh/m²) LEC, BMU 2006
R&D <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
German Federal Environment M<strong>in</strong>istry provides f<strong>in</strong>ancial<br />
support for R&D projects <strong>in</strong> the field of CSP<br />
(7-8 Mio. € per year)<br />
others
Selected projects<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
The follow<strong>in</strong>g projects are publicly funded by the<br />
Federal Environment M<strong>in</strong>istry:<br />
• Parabolic trough (SKAL-ET, ANDA-NTpro, TEWA,<br />
ITES, DREHFLEX, DIVA)<br />
• L<strong>in</strong>ear Fresnel (FRESDEMO)<br />
• Tower (STJ, KOSMOSOL, INVAB, CO-MINIT, FUTUR)<br />
• Simulation and quality management (SAPHIR)<br />
• Studies (MED-CSP)<br />
Don‘t hesitate to ask me, if you would like to have more<br />
<strong>in</strong>formation or a contact for the respective technology you are<br />
<strong>in</strong>tersted <strong>in</strong>.
R&D Parabolic trough<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
SKAL-ET collector: 144 m, 391°C oil outlet temperature,<br />
15 % medium efficiency<br />
ANDA-NTPro collector: 25 % optical efficiency, 22 % lower costs<br />
for the solar field<br />
Contact: <strong>Solar</strong> Millennium AG, Flagsol GmbH<br />
www.solarmillennium.de, www.flagsol.com<br />
© Flagsol
Innovative receiver technology (TEWA)<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• receiver tube consists of a coated steel tube <strong>in</strong> an<br />
evacuated glass jacket to m<strong>in</strong>imize heat losses<br />
• hydrogen set free from thermal oil can destroy the<br />
vacuum<br />
• special coat<strong>in</strong>g is be<strong>in</strong>g developed to prohibit hydrogen<br />
from pass<strong>in</strong>g the steel tube<br />
• this will result <strong>in</strong> an overall<br />
longer lifetime of the receiver<br />
• currently best available<br />
technology<br />
Contact: Schott <strong>Solar</strong>thermie GmbH<br />
www.schott.com/solarthermal<br />
© Schott
Heat storage systems<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
© Flagsol<br />
2-Tank salt melt<strong>in</strong>g storage (Andasol)<br />
Contact: <strong>Solar</strong> Millennium AG, Flagsol GmbH<br />
www.solarmillennium.de<br />
www.flagsol.com<br />
Concrete storage (ITES)<br />
©DLR<br />
Contact: Ed. Zübl<strong>in</strong> AG<br />
www.zuebl<strong>in</strong>.de
Comparison of LEC<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
©DLR
Receiver connection<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
Ball-jo<strong>in</strong>ts<br />
Flex-hoses (DREHFLEX)<br />
• Flexible connection<br />
• low ma<strong>in</strong>tenance<br />
• has to be improved<br />
regard<strong>in</strong>g life time, large<br />
horizontal expansion<br />
through heat and<br />
drop of pressure<br />
Contact: Senior Berghöfer GmbH<br />
www.seniorauto.de
Direct steam (DIVA)<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• Higher temperatures (500°C)<br />
• Higher efficiency, lower costs<br />
• No thermal oil needed<br />
• No heat exchanger needed<br />
Contact: DLR<br />
www.dlr.de/tt<br />
© DLR
R&D L<strong>in</strong>ear Fresnel<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• local obta<strong>in</strong>able components,<br />
e.g. flat mirrors creat<strong>in</strong>g high local value<br />
• low w<strong>in</strong>d loads<br />
• high land utilization<br />
• Demonstration <strong>in</strong> Almeria<br />
(FRESDEMO)<br />
© MAN<br />
Contact: MAN<br />
www.manfs-power.com
Demonstration tower (STJ)<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• Site: Jülich/<strong>Germany</strong><br />
• DNI: 850 kWh/m²<br />
• <strong>Power</strong>: 1.5 MWel<br />
• <strong>Solar</strong> field: 18.000 m²<br />
• Tower height: 60 m<br />
• Space: 8 ha<br />
• Storage: 1 hour<br />
• Start: 2008<br />
© SIJ
Innovative volumetric absorber structures<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• Projects KOSMOSOL and INVAB<br />
• Development of an open volumetric receiver <strong>in</strong> order to <strong>in</strong>crease the<br />
receiver efficiency<br />
• Air as operat<strong>in</strong>g medium<br />
• Ceramic absorber structures are tested at 900°C<br />
• Innovative 3D-Screen process<br />
Contact: KAM, DLR<br />
www.ka-muenchen.de<br />
www.dlr.de/tt<br />
© KAM, DLR
<strong>Solar</strong> gas turb<strong>in</strong>e (CO-MINIT)<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• Pressurized volumetric air receiver<br />
• 15 bar, 1000°C<br />
• ready for gas turb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
• <strong>Solar</strong> heat can be used for the comb<strong>in</strong>ed generation of<br />
electricity, heat, cool<strong>in</strong>g and desal<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
Contact: DLR<br />
www.dlr.de/tt<br />
© DLR
Alternative concept (FUTUR)<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• Development of a metallic<br />
tubular receiver with multi-layer<br />
• Cost sav<strong>in</strong>g concept <strong>in</strong><br />
comparison to a volumetric receiver<br />
• Used <strong>in</strong> micro turb<strong>in</strong>e systems<br />
Contact: DLR<br />
www.dlr.de/tt<br />
©DLR
Quality management (SAPHIR)<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• heliostat field reflection and<br />
heat distribution on the receiver<br />
©DLR<br />
©DLR<br />
Contact: CSP Services, DLR<br />
www.cspservices.de<br />
www.dlr.de/tt
Recent projects<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
Project<br />
Extresol<br />
Ibersol<br />
Solnova 1<br />
Kuraymat<br />
Hassi R’mel<br />
A<strong>in</strong> Ben Mathar<br />
Andasol III<br />
Site<br />
Spa<strong>in</strong><br />
Spa<strong>in</strong><br />
Spa<strong>in</strong><br />
Egypt<br />
Algeria<br />
Morocco<br />
Spa<strong>in</strong><br />
Technology<br />
Parabolic trough EuroTrough<br />
Parabolic trough EuroTrough<br />
Parabolic trough Euro trough<br />
Parabolic trough ISCCS<br />
Parabolic trough ISCCS<br />
Parabolic trough ISCCS<br />
Parabolic trough SKALET<br />
<strong>Power</strong><br />
50 MW<br />
50 MW<br />
50 MW<br />
20 MW<br />
20 MW<br />
20 MW<br />
50 MW<br />
Start of<br />
operation<br />
• German Know-how lies et al. <strong>in</strong> the mirrors (Flabeg), absorber tubes<br />
(Schott <strong>Solar</strong>thermie) and turb<strong>in</strong>es (Siemens)<br />
• Feasibility study was conducted by the DLR and Masdar Research<br />
Network for the co-generation of electricity, heat and cool<strong>in</strong>g<br />
2009<br />
2009<br />
2009<br />
2010<br />
2010<br />
2010<br />
2011
Conclusions<br />
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
• <strong>Solar</strong> resources for CSP technologies are huge on the<br />
Arabian pen<strong>in</strong>sula<br />
• Engagement <strong>in</strong> CSP will provide grow<strong>in</strong>g chances for<br />
companies, utilities and new jobs<br />
• Innovative and high-quality CSP technologies from<br />
<strong>Germany</strong> are available to realize this solar vision<br />
• Appropriate framework conditions are essential<br />
• Investors need securities, e.g. by long term power<br />
purchase agreements
I n n o v a t i o n + T e c h n i k<br />
Thank you for your attention.<br />
Nad<strong>in</strong>e May - Consultant for the German Environmental M<strong>in</strong>istry<br />
VDI|VDE Innovation + Technik GmbH<br />
Ste<strong>in</strong>platz 1, 10623 Berl<strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Germany</strong><br />
Phone: +49 30 310078-137<br />
Email: may@vdivde-it.de<br />
www.solar-thermie.org (<strong>in</strong> German)
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