Democratic Ownership and Human Rights - Reality of Aid

TheRealityofAid
2008
AnIndependentReview ofPovertyReductionandDevelopmentAssistance
AIDEFFECTIVENESS:
DEMOCRATICOWNERSHIPANDHUMANRIGHTS

The Reality of Aid 2008
The Reality of Aid
2008
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The Reality of Aid 2008

The Reality of Aid 2008
The Reality of Aid
2008
Aid Effectiveness:
“Democratic Ownership
and Human Rights”
Management Committee
The Reality of Aid
Quezon City
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The Reality of Aid 2008
The Reality of Aid 2008, Aid Effectiveness: “Democratic Ownership and Human Rights”
is published in the Philippines in 2008 by IBON Books, IBON Center
114 Timog Avenue, Quezon City Philippines
editors@ibon.org, www.ibon.org
Copyright © 2008 by The Reality of Aid Management Committee
Layout: Berinice Ileto-Zamora
Cover Design: Jose Leon Dulce/Florenio Bambao
Cover Photos:Torben Ulrik Nissen (top left)
Steve Webel (top right)
Mostafa Saeednejad (bottom)
Printed and Bound in the Philippines by IBON Books.
Published with assistance of
CCIC, Novib, 11.11.11- Coalition of the Flemish North South Movement
All rights reserved
ISBN: 971-0483-30-3
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The Reality of Aid 2008
Contents
The Reality of Aid
Acknowledgements
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Introduction
Political Overview
Part I. Overview
Antonio Tujan, Jr.
Chair, Reality of Aid
The Reality of Aid
Management Committee
3
5
Introduction
Chapter 1. Aid Relationships Have Not Changed
16
Aid is Power- The Challenge for CSOs
and Democratic Ownership
Aid Conditionality
and Democratic Ownership
Australian Aid to Papua New Guinea:
Change Without Change
The Gilbel Gibe II Hydroelectrical Project-
A Case of Super-Tied Aid
Women’s Empowerment and the New World
of Microedit Evangelism
Democratic Ownership of Aid
in the Philippines
Don Marut
INFID
Ahmed Swapan Mahmud
VOICE
Kate Wheen and Flint Duxfield,
Aid/Watch
Caterina Amicucci
CRBM
Kavaljit Singh
PIRC
Sonny Africa
IBON Foundation
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26
33
40
46
51
Chapter 2. The IFIs Have Significant Responsibility for the Lack of Change
Introduction
The Impact of IFI Conditionality
on the Development Aid System
Multilateral Aid and Conditionalities,
The Case of Indonesia
IFIs – The Major Barrier to Change
in the Aid System
The World Bank in Pakistan:
see No Suffering, Hear No Cries,
Speak No Truth
Javier Pereira
EURODAD
Don Marut
INFID
Ahmed Swapan Mahmud
VOICE
Mustafa Talpur with A. Ercelan
and M. Nauman
PILER
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64
71
79
86
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The Reality of Aid 2008
Democratic Ownership and Mutual
Accountability to International Human
Rights: A Reality Check of Nepal
European Commission:
Providing the Kind of Budget Support
that is Needed?
Gopal Siwakoti ‘Chintan’
with Rabin Subedi
NPI
Sasja Bökkerink
Oxfam International
95
103
Chapter 3. The Paris Declaration Does Not Go Far Enough
Introduction
Aid and the Rights-Based Approach
in the Philippines
Democratic Ownership
and the Paris Declaration
Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
(Abridged from the Original)
Barriers to Harmonization and Alignment :
An African Perspective
Sonny Africa
IBON Foundation
Thomas Hochgesang,
CBM (formerly Christian Blind Mission)
Roberto Bissio
TWI and Social Watch
AFRODAD
112
115
121
126
135
Chapter 4. What is Needed for Aid Policies to Facilitate Development Outcomes
for the Poorest Communities
Introduction
Pulling the Strings - How Donors’ Control
of Aid Undermines Democratic Ownership
and Accountability
Accountability and Managing for Results:
Accountability to Whom?
Who Holds Whom Accountable?
Managing for Results and Aid Effectiveness
National Democratic Appropriation
in Latin America and the Caribbean
International Development Cooperation:
A New Global Public Good
Aid Effectiveness and Gender Equality
Elvira Groll
ActionAid UK
Ngo Sothath
NGO Forum on Cambodia
AFRODAD
Mauricio Gómez Lacayo
Ruben Fenandez
Corporación Región and ALOP
Cecilia Alemany (AWID),
Fernanda Hopenhaym (AWID),
and Nerea Craviotto (WIDE)
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150
159
169
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182
189
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The Reality of Aid 2008
Chapter 5. Global Aid Trends and OECD Reports
Global Aid Trends
World Aid Trends:
Donors Distorting the Reality of Aid in 2008
Germany: A Mixed Performance
UK: Delivery Falls Short
of Progressive Policies
Ireland: Bringing ODA
to the Centre of Foreign Policy
Netherlands: A New Commitment
to International Co-operation
Austria: Aid Gap Leaves Questions
Over Commitment
Belgium: The Changeability of Aid
Finland: Finnish Development Co-operation:
Focus on Climate Change
France: French Development Cooperation:
Little Leadership to be Expected
on the Fight Against Poverty
Italy: First Steps Towards ODA Reform
After Years of Crisis
Sweden: Sweden Claims 1% Aid Achievement
Spain: Becoming a Major ODA Player
Switzerland: 2008: A Pivotal Year
for Development Co-operation
Australia: A New Government
Brings New Commitments
Brian Tomlinson
CCIC
Reality of Aid Management Committee
Peter Mucke
Terre des Hommes
Elvira Groll, Elena Chiarella
and Sarah Mulley
UK Aid Network
Olive Towey and Howard Dalzell
Concern
Arjan El Fassed
Oxfam Novib
Global Responsibility-Austrian
Platform for Development and
Humanitarian Aid and Hilde Wipfel
(KOO)
Els Hertogen
11.11.11 – Coalition of the Flemish
North South Movement
Matti Ylönen
KEPA (The Service Centre for
Development Cooperation)
Katia Herrgott and Florent Sebban,
Coordination SUD
Marco Zupi
CeSPI
Peter Sörbom, Forum Syd
in collaboration with Penny Davies,
Diakonia
Isabel Kreisler
Intermon Oxfam
Michèle Laubscher
Alliance Sud - Swiss Alliance
of Development Organisations
Garth Luke and Pail O’Callaghan
ACFID
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The Reality of Aid 2008
Canada: Overview: Unmet Promises
and No Plans to Increase Canadian ODA
New Zealand: Good Intent Must Be
Balanced with Financial Commitment
USA: Targeting State ‘Transformation’,
Not Poverty Reduction
Norway: Silver Clouds and Dark Linings
European Union/European Commission:
Increasing Budget Support,
But Slow on Participation
Brian Tomlinson
CCIC
Rae Julian
CID
Cheri Waters
Interaction
John Y. Jones
Networkers SouthNorth
Simon Stocker, Director Eurostep
in cooperation with Mirjam van Reisen
and Ben Moore, EEPA
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Part II. Reference Section
Boxes and Tables
Glossary of Aid Terms
305
307
Part III. Directories
List of Participating Agencies
List of Members
321
325
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The Reality of Aid 2008
The Reality of Aid Network
The Reality of Aid Network exists to promote national and international policies that will
contribute to new and effective strategies for poverty eradication, built on solidarity and
equity.
Established in 1993, the Reality of Aid is a collaborative, non-profit initiative, involving nongovernmental
organizations from North and South.
The Reality of Aid publishes regular, reliable reports on international development cooperation
and the extent to which governments, North and South, address the extreme inequalities of
income and the structural, social and political injustices that entrench people in poverty.
From 1993 to date, the project has published a series of reports and Reality Checks on aid and
development cooperation.
These reports provide a critical analysis of how governments address the issues of poverty and
whether aid and development cooperation policies are put into practice.
The Reality of Aid Project Management Committee is made up of regional representatives of all
participating agencies.
Chair
Antonio Tujan, Jr.
IBON Foundation
Vice Chair and OECD
(outside Europe)
Asia-Pacific
Europe
Africa
Latin America
Brian Tomlinson
Canada Council for International Cooperation – CCIC
The Reality of Aid Secretariat
Lucy Hayes,
European Network on Debt and Development (EURODAD)
Meja Vitalice
African Forum and Network on Debt and Development (AFRODAD)
Ruben Fernandez
Asociación Latinoamericana de Organizaciones
de Promoción al Desarrollo A.C. (ALOP)
Reality of Aid Secretariat: Josephine Dongail and Reileen Joy Dulay
Email: secretariat@realityofaid.org
Website: www.realityofaid.org
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Acknowledgements
The Reality of Aid 2008
The Reality of Aid Report is written by authors from NGOs worldwide, whose research
draws on knowledge and expertise from aid agencies, academia, community-based
organizations and governments. We would like to thank those who have generously
contributed their knowledge and advice.
Overall editorial control of the Reality of Aid 2008 lies with the Reality of Aid Management
Committee, but the views expressed in the reports do not necessarily reflect the views of
the Management Committee or IBON.
The Management Committee was assisted by Edward Thorpe as editorial consultant,
Prof. Luis Teodoro as copy editor and Reileen Joy Dulay as managing editor.
This Reality of Aid 2008 Report is published with support from Canada Council for
International Cooperation (CCIC), Novib and the Coalition of the Flemish North-South
Movement - 11.11.11.
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