The Tools of the Master Slavery and Empire in Nineteenth Century ...

ENDNOTES
1 Audre Lorde, Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches (Freedom,CA: The Crossing Press,
1984), p. 112.
2 The summary of the slave trial follows closely the account in Salah `Issa, Hikayat min
deftar al-watan (Stories from the Record of the Homeland , Cairo: Kitab Dar al-Ahali,
1992), pp. 217-245. I have written a more detailed account of the press coverage,
including the newspaper and the British Foreign Office reports, in a later chapter of the
book of which this talk is a sketch.
3 F.O. 407/127 Rodd to Kimberly, 17 September, 1894.
4 F.O. 84/1770 Report by C.G. Scott Moncrieff, May 1886.
5 Terence Walz, “Black Slavery in Egypt”, Slaves and Slavery in Muslim Africa, vol. 2, ed.
John Ralph Willis (London: Frank Cass, 1985), p. 149.
6 Ibid., p. 139.
7 Al-Muqattam, 6 September 1894.
8 Ibid, 10 September 1894.
9 Al-Fayyoum, 6 September 1894.
10 The Egyptian Gazette, 31 August 1894.
11 This translation is quoted from Al-Muqattam, 10 September 1894, but all of the papers,
except the Gazette, gave this portion of Khalil Bey Ibrahim’s speech great prominence.
12 F.O. 407/127, no. 125 and 126 Rodd to Kimberly, Cairo, Sept. 24, 1894.
13 The Anti-Slavery Reporter, vol. 14 (July-August 1894), p. 246.
14 Khaled Fahmy, All the Pasha’s Men: Mehmet Ali, his army and the making of modern Egypt
(Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp. 88-90.
15 Mustafa Kamil, Al-Maqalat, ed. `Abd al-`Azim Ramadan (Cairo: Matba`ah al-Hi’yyah
al-`Ammah lil-Kitab, 1987), p. 298; excerpted from Le Clair, 19 April 1898.
16 For the interesting debate on the nationalist dimensions of Muhammad Ali’s (or
Mehmet Ali’s) ethnicity, see Khalid Fahmy, All the Pasha’s Men ; Ehud Toledano,