Culture, Biology and Male-to-Male Sex in Asia and the Pacific

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But- What is a male? • There is enormous natural variation in gender expression • Some suggestive evidence that prenatal biology involved • Recognized in traditional cultures • Tabooed by organized religions • Sexuality linked, but not correlated
IDENTITIES AND PRACTICES TERMS (HOMO,HETERO)( NOT USEFUL-NOT DISCREET CATEGORIES Self-applied terms only have about 60-80% congruance with practices, e.g. men who call themselves homosexual have sex with women, and vice versa This seems to be largely due to socio-cultural factors such as stigmatization or peer pressure, that influence sexual expression • Most important for HIV programming is group identity at local level. • TERMS THAT DEFINE CULTURE-BOUND FRAMEWORKS COMMUNICATE LOCALLY e.g. kothi, fa’a’fafine, fafine, gay, ladyboy, apone, pelopa
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Page 3 and 4: Homosex common among at least 470 s
Page 5: How many males have sex with Source
Page 9: Challenges to Successful HIV Preven

Culture, Biology and Male-to-Male Sex in Asia and the Pacific

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