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RING NEMATODE SYMPTOMS Symptoms caused by ring nematodes are nondescript. Generally they may cause some stunting of the plants, but their major effect is on overall yield, especially in seasons that include long periods of drought. MANAGEMENT Management of ring nematodes can be best achieved by crop rotation and other cultural practices because they are not very pathogenic and have minimal economic impact. Sources of resistance remain unknown, and nematicides can be too costly to provide a good return on the investment. 24
ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE (RKN) OVERVIEW GALLING CAUSED BY SOUTHERN ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE RKN has been identified as one of the most problematic nematodes in <strong>Virginia</strong> and attacks a number of commonly grown crops. Four species of this nematode are commonly found in <strong>Virginia</strong>: southern RKN, northern RKN, Javanese RKN, and peanut RKN. Northern and peanut RKN can be usually found in our peanut-growing regions, whereas southern and Javanese RKN is most common in our traditional corn, small-grain and soybean regions. Southern RKN has become more established where cotton has been rotated with soybeans. Some fields contain mixtures of more than one species of RKN. 25
Page 1 and 2: SOYBEAN NEMATODE MANAGEMENT GUIDE
Page 3 and 4: SOYBEAN NEMATODE MANAGEMENT GUIDE T
Page 5 and 6: SURVEY OF PROBLEM FIELDS In recent
Page 7 and 8: SAMPLING AND THRESHOLDS VIRGINIA TE
Page 9 and 10: SAMPLING AND THRESHOLDS 1. Collect
Page 11 and 12: SAMPLING AND THRESHOLDS The table b
Page 13 and 14: MANAGEMENT OPTIONS Acceptable rotat
Page 15 and 16: MANAGEMENT OPTIONS Nematicides: The
Page 17 and 18: SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE SYMPTOMS Abov
Page 19 and 20: LANCE NEMATODE LIGHT MICROGRAPH OF
Page 21 and 22: LESION NEMATODE LIGHT MICROGRAPH OF
Page 23: RING NEMATODE LIGHT MICROGRAPH OF A
Page 27 and 28: SPIRAL NEMATODE LIGHT MICROGRAPH OF
Page 29 and 30: STING NEMATODE LIGHT MICROGRAPH OF
Page 31 and 32: STUBBY ROOT NEMATODE LIGHT MICROGRA
Page 33 and 34: STUNT NEMATODE LIGHT MICROGRAPH OF
Page 35 and 36: FARM LEADERS of the national soybea

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