The global state of harm reduction 2010: Key issues for broadening ...

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Regional Overview: Asia 2.5 Regional Update: Latin America MEXICO GUATEMALA HONDURAS NICARAGUA EL SALVADOR COSTA RICA PANAMA COLOMBIA VENEZUELA ECUADOR PERU BRAZIL BOLIVIA PARAGUAY Map 2.5.1: Availability of needle and syringe exchange programmes (NSP) and opioid substitution therapy (OST) CHILE ARGENTINA URUGUAY Both NSP and OST available OST only NSP only Neither available Not Known 41
Table 2.5.1: Harm reduction in Latin America Adult HIV Harm reduction response 2 prevalence Country/territory with reported People who inject drugs injecting drug use 1 amongst a people who NSP b OST c inject drugs 1 nk = not known Argentina 65,829 49.7% (25) x Bolivia nk nk x x Brazil 540,500 3 48% (150–450) x Chile 42,176 nk x x Colombia nk 1% c x (4) Costa Rica nk nk x x Ecuador nk nk x x El Salvador nk nk x x Guatemala nk nk x x Honduras nk nk x x Mexico nk 3% (19) (21–25) (M) Nicaragua nk 6% x x Panama nk nk x x Paraguay nk 9.35% (3) x Peru nk 13% d x x Uruguay nk nk x Venezuela nk nk x x a. The number in brackets represents the number of operational NSP sites, including fixed sites, vending machines and mobile NSPs operating from a vehicle or through outreach workers. b. The number in brackets represents the number of operational OST programmes, including publicly and privately funded clinics and pharmacy dispensing programmes. (M) = methadone. c. UN Reference Group estimate from 1999 data. d. UN Reference Group figure: 1994–1995. 42
Page 1 and 2: Global State of Harm Reduction 2010
Page 3 and 4: The Global State of Harm Reduction
Page 6 and 7: Introduction About the Global State
Page 8 and 9: 1.1 Harm Reduction: A Global Update
Page 10 and 11: Country or territory NORTH AMERICA
Page 12 and 13: Map 1.1: Global availability of nee
Page 14 and 15: Harm reduction in prisons The avail
Page 16 and 17: Regional Overview: Asia 2.1 Regiona
Page 18 and 19: 2.1 Regional Overview: Update: Asia
Page 20 and 21: 2.1 Regional Overview: Update: Asia
Page 24 and 25: 2.2 Regional Update: Eurasia Harm R
Page 26 and 27: 2.2 Regional Update: Eurasia In the
Page 28: 2.2 Regional Update: Eurasia Refere
Page 31 and 32: Table 2.3.1: Harm reduction in West
Page 33 and 34: A recent welcome development is the
Page 35 and 36: Multilaterals and donors: Developme
Page 37 and 38: Table 2.1.1: Harm reduction in the
Page 39 and 40: Civil society and advocacy developm
Page 44 and 45: 2.5 Regional Regional Update: Overv
Page 46 and 47: 2.5 Regional Update: Latin America
Page 50 and 51: 2.6 Regional Update: North America
Page 52 and 53: 2.6 Regional Update: North America
Page 56 and 57: 2.7 Regional Update: Oceania Harm R
Page 58: 2.7 Regional Update: Oceania In New
Page 61 and 62: Table 2.8.1: Harm Reduction in the
Page 63 and 64: as well as drug intervention centre
Page 68 and 69: 2.9 Regional Update: Sub-Saharan Af
Page 70: 2.9 Regional Update: Sub-Saharan Af
Page 73 and 74: A comprehensive approach to elimina
Page 75 and 76: Table 3.1.4: Crude analysis of esti
Page 77 and 78: Harm reduction measures WHO, UNODC
Page 79 and 80: Box 3.1.1: Milestones on viral hepa
Page 81 and 82: 34. Amon J et al. (2008) Prevalence
Page 83 and 84: Map 3.2.1: Estimated TB incidence r
Page 85 and 86: Figure 3.2.2: The interaction betwe
Page 87 and 88: Figure 3.2.3: Recommendations from
Page 90 and 91: 3.3: Neglected infections, real har
Page 92 and 93:
The various studies that have repor
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cellulitis, two of the most frequen
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References 1. Mathers BM et al. (20
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Overview of amphetamine use around
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in methamphetamine-related deaths a
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Reducing harms related to modes of
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References 1. Reference Group to th
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City. 9 As early as 1988 about half
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Needle and syringe programmes (NSPs
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of HIV and other health risks, the
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References 1. UNAIDS (1996) HIV/AID
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Overdose data are limited by poor e
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Since the late 1990s there has been
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distribution programmes. Many provi
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3.7: Bridging the gap: An analysis
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Estimating the total resources need
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Many large programmes funded by bil
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There is an urgent and time-limited
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