The United States Government Global Health Initiative - Centers for ...

other U.S. development initiatives, such as Feed the Future and Global Climate Change, and is expanding partnerships
with other government agencies and departments, such as Peace Corps and the Department of Defense.
Under GHI, the U.S. is striving to coordinate all of its health programming, but integration is not being pursued for
the sake of integration alone. We are working towards “smart integration,” which means selecting those opportunities
for integration that make sense technically, economically, and in the context in which they are to be implemented.
Through GHI, we are working with our partners to monitor and evaluate whether integration at the community level,
facility level, and elsewhere in the health system improves efficiencies and service quality for both the user and the system.
Although improvements in service quality will be a foremost aim, the additional demands on health care workers
resulting from efficiency improvements must be understood and addressed.
Promoting learning and accountability through monitoring and evaluation: Monitoring and evaluating our progress,
encouraging innovation, using current research, supporting and conducting new research and sharing the results
of our learning are integral to all aspects of GHI and critical to its success. Consistent with the U.S. commitment to
the aid effectiveness principles of country ownership, partnership, and mutual accountability, we are coordinating
our learning and aligning our efforts with those of our country and development partners. This will include utilizing
globally agreed-upon indicators and country indicators when possible. We are committed to meaningful and timely
evaluation and research that will inform partner countries, the U.S., and other partners about what works and what
does not and which approaches should be scaled up, modified or phased out.
GHI promotes an outcome- and impact-based approach rather than an expenditure- or input-based approach to measure
our progress in achieving and sustaining health improvements. Although the aim is to build upon existing indicators,
new indicators for areas such as integration and progress for women, girls, and gender equality may be added.
GHI is also developing process metrics to assess the robustness of health systems. Ultimately, success will be measured
by improved access to and utilization of quality health services and changes in key health outcomes, particularly for
marginalized and disadvantaged populations.
Accelerating results through research and innovation: Research has built the evidence base which underpins key
interventions for the GHI, such as the use of Vitamin A to reduce child mortality, simplified antiretroviral treatment,
male circumcision for prevention of HIV, community-based treatment of pneumonia, and use of insecticide-treated
bed nets. Evolving disease threats, such as increased drug resistance, make it difficult to rely on the existing body of
scientific evidence and technologies alone. Under GHI, research will continue to spur innovation for the discovery
and development of new biomedical interventions and technologies, such as drugs, diagnostics and vaccines; medical
devices, such as safe syringes; and information and communication technologies, such as mobile telephones and other
data-transmitting devices that have the potential to improve people’s health.
Through GHI, we seek to accelerate the appropriate use of existing technologies, as well as create favorable conditions
for more rapid introduction and successful scale-up of technological advances that have been demonstrated to improve
health outcomes. GHI is working with country partners to overcome bottlenecks and accelerate delivery pathways to
ensure that innovative technologies can be widely adopted, including improving demand forecasting for new products,
and supporting evidence-based decision making within partner countries. Operational and implementation research,
conducted in collaboration with partner country researchers, will help identify critical problems and improvements.
These efforts will allow for rapid scale-up of new and existing interventions and the identification of strategies to
achieve sustainable and cost-effective service delivery, such as how to transition programming to local service delivery
partners (e.g. Ministries of Health).
The United States Government Global Health Initiative Strategy ▌10