caregiver tip - Traumatic Brain Injury Council

More documents

Recommendations

Info

The cerebrum is split into two halves, called hemispheres, that communicate with each other. Each hemisphere is made up of frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes, each having different functions. The two hemispheres of the brain produce different modes of thinking in most people. In most people, the two hemispheres produce different modes of thinking. • The left hemisphere is associated with logical thinking, analysis, accuracy, and breaking things down into parts. • The right hemisphere is associated with feeling, creativity, and looking at things as a whole rather than in parts. CEREBELLUM The cerebellum is the second largest area of the brain, and is located under the back of the cerebrum. It is mainly involved in: • Coordinating muscles to allow precise movements. • Controlling balance and posture. BRAIN STEM The brain stem connects the brain to the spine and is responsible for regulating many life support mechanisms, including: • Heart rate • Digestion • Breathing • Sleeping and waking M ODULE 2 PAGE 16
MIDBRAIN The midbrain is the area in the deep center of the brain located under the cerebrum and above the brain stem. It is made up of several structures with important functions, including: • Acting as the relay station for incoming nerve impulses, and sending them to appropriate regions of the brain for processing. • Controlling survival instincts including “fight or flight” reactions, drives and emotions. • Mediating effects of mood or behavior. • Keeping conditions in the body constant by regulating body temperature, thirst and hunger, and controlling the release of hormones. A general understanding of the major parts of the brain and their functions can help you understand changes and behaviors of people who have had a TBI. A person may experience different problems or changes depending upon the area of the brain that has been damaged. HOW TBI AFFECTS THE BRAIN As you learned earlier, the cerebrum is made up of two hemispheres, and each hemisphere is made up of frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes. Damage to any of these specific lobes, or to the cerebellum, or brain stem will affect an individual in different ways. In the following pages, you will learn about some of the specific changes that may occur as a result of damage to one or more areas of the brain. COMMON PROBLEMS FROM INJURY TO THE BRAIN’S LEFT HEMISPHERE • Difficulties in understanding spoken and written language— referred to as “receptive” language ability • Difficulties in producing language, such as through speaking or writing—referred to as “expressive” language ability • Difficulties remembering language • Anxiety or depression • Decreased control over the right side of the body • Impaired logic and judgment • Problems with sequencing (understanding and carrying out stepby-step actions in the right order) MODULE 2 PAGE 17
Page 1 and 2: T RAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY STRATEGIES
Page 3 and 4: TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY STRATEGIES F
Page 5 and 6: INTRODUCTION
Page 7 and 8: TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY CAREGIVERS
Page 9 and 10: MODULE 3 - PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE C
Page 11 and 12: MODULE 1 - OVERVIEW OF TBI
Page 13 and 14: OVERVIEW OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Page 15 and 16: MYTHS AND FACTS ABOUT TBI MYTH: If
Page 17 and 18: PRIMARY EVENTS—WHAT MAY HAPPEN DU
Page 19 and 20: • Severe TBI is defined as loss o
Page 21 and 22: About brain injuries for military p
Page 23 and 24: MODULE 2 - THE BRAIN: BEFORE AND AF
Page 25: THE BRAIN: BEFORE AND AFTER A TBI M
Page 29 and 30: Thinking (cognitive functions) cont
Page 31 and 32: MODULE 3 - PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE C
Page 33 and 34: PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE CHANGES AND
Page 35 and 36: • Allow the person to lie quietly
Page 37 and 38: VISION Although vision problems are
Page 39 and 40: HOW TO HELP • Watch out for safet
Page 41 and 42: • Help the person see a doctor if
Page 43 and 44: MEMORY Memory is the process of org
Page 45 and 46: ATTENTION AND CONCENTRATION To comp
Page 47 and 48: Common problems include: • Being
Page 49 and 50: MODULE 4 - CHALLENGES OF CAREGIVING
Page 51 and 52: CHALLENGES OF CAREGIVING: EMOTIONAL
Page 53 and 54: HOW THE A-B-C METHOD WORKS • If a
Page 55 and 56: • Anxiety and/or Post Traumatic S
Page 57 and 58: POSSIBLE REASONS FOR ANGER FOLLOWIN
Page 59 and 60: ANGER SELF-CONTROL STRATEGY: BACK O
Page 61 and 62: There are several factors that caus
Page 63 and 64: ♥ CAREGIVER TIP Having little or
Page 65 and 66: IMPAIRED ABILITIES In order for peo
Page 67 and 68: SUBSTANCE ABUSE Use or abuse of alc
Page 69 and 70: Dealing with behavior www.biausa.or
Page 71 and 72: MODULE 5 - SUPPORTING RECOVERY
Page 73 and 74: SUPPORTING RECOVERY MODULE 5 MODULE
Page 75 and 76: • Be aware of potential environme
Page 77 and 78:
ENJOY YOUR TIME TOGETHER The third
Page 79 and 80:
The following are signs of caregive
Page 81 and 82:
Ordering Additional Printed Copies
show all

caregiver tip - Traumatic Brain Injury Council

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?