Chapter 3: The Ancient Israelites

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Section Vocabulary monotheism tribe Torah covenant alphabet Section Vocabulary prophet empire tribute proverb Section Vocabulary exile Sabbath synagogue Diaspora messiah rabbi The First Israelites Focusing on the • The Israelites believed in one God who set down moral laws for his people. They recorded their history in the Bible. (page 81) • The Israelites had to fight the Canaanites to return to their promised land. (page 84) The Kingdom of Israel Focusing on the • The Israelites chose a king to unite them against their enemies. (page 87) • King David built an Israelite empire and made Jerusalem his capital city. (page 89) • The Israelites were conquered and forced to leave Israel and Judah. (page 90) The Growth of Judaism Focusing on the • The Jews continued their religion during their exile in Babylon. (page 94) • Jews spread their beliefs to the Greek world and regained control of Judah. (page 95) • Religion shaped the Jewish way of life. (page 97) • Under Roman rule, the Jews were divided and rebellious. In response, the Romans destroyed the temple and exiled the Jews. (page 100) Moses with the Ten Commandments Torah scrolls CHAPTER 3 The Ancient Israelites 103 (t)Stock Montage/SuperStock, (b)SuperStock
Review Vocabulary Match the definitions in the second column to the terms in the first column. 1. tribe a. Jewish house of worship 2. prophet b. claims to be inspired by God 3. synagogue c. family group 4. Sabbath d. holy day of worship and rest 5. messiah e. forced absence 6. monotheism f. belief in one god 7. covenant g. deliverer sent by God 8. exile h. agreement Review Main Ideas Section 1 • The First Israelites 9. Where did the Israelites record their history and religious beliefs? 10. Why did the Israelites fight the Canaanites? Section 2 • The Kingdom of Israel 11. Why did the Israelites choose a king? 12. What happened when the Israelites were conquered? Section 3 • The Growth of Judaism 13. How did Jewish ideas spread throughout the Mediterranean world? 14. How did Romans respond to Jewish rebellions? Critical Thinking 15. Contrast How was the Jewish religion different from religions of other ancient cultures? 16. Analyze Why do you think the Israelites felt so strongly about a Promised Land? 17. Compare and Contrast How were Saul and David similar, and how were they different? 18. Explain How did the Jewish religion survive during the exile of the Jews? 19. Describe What is celebrated on the Jewish holiday Hanukkah? Main Idea Finding the Main Idea 20. Read the paragraph at the right from page 101. Create a graphic organizer that shows the main idea and supporting details. In A.D. 1947 ancient scrolls were found in the desert near the Dead Sea. They were probably written by Essenes and are called the Dead Sea Scrolls. The scrolls have helped historians understand more about Judaism during Roman times. 104 CHAPTER 3 The Ancient Israelites To review this skill, see pages 78–79.
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Page 3 and 4: Main Idea 78 Main idea Finding the
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Page 7 and 8: Moses and the Ten Commandments In t
Page 9 and 10: The Promised Land The Israelites ha
Page 11 and 12: Samaria Jerusalem Babylon 86 CHAPTE
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Page 19 and 20: Exile and Return The Jews continued
Page 21 and 22: Diaspora (dy•AS•pruh). Diaspora
Page 23 and 24: Education in Ancient Israel and Jud
Page 25 and 26: The Jews and the Romans Under Roman
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Chapter 3: The Ancient Israelites

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