State WAP Revised 8.29.06.indd - Teaming With Wildlife

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“During my tenure as a member and as chairman of the Board [of Game and Inland Fisheries], I have had few opportunities to participate in projects that have involved such a wide and diverse array of citizens and constituent groups... Importantly, this initiative allowed us to reaffirm and strengthen our relationships with our long-time conservation partners. It also allowed us to meet new friends... We have all agreed that this ... will guide us together, sharing our limited resources to address the commonlyidentified priority needs.” – Sherry Smith Crumley Chairman of the Board of Game and Inland Fisheries Primary challenges to conserving wildlife in Virginia Habitat destruction and fragmentation dominate the list of problems facing terrestrial wildlife in the Commonwealth. For Virginia’s aquatic wildlife, the Action Plan identifies certain agricultural and forestry practices that have greatly affected water and habitat quality. Pollution and habitat changes from industry and municipal development are also critical issues for aquatic species. Many grassland wildlife species are experiencing dramatic declines in populations because of the loss of grassland and savannah habitats across the Commonwealth. These important habitats are being converted to other agricultural crops (including cool season grasses), are being lost as farms are converted for municipal uses, and are being replaced by other habitats when farmlands are abandoned and allowed to mature into forested lands. Wildlife Total number of species Habitat degradation in the rivers of southwestern Virginia, resulting from certain mineral extraction and agricultural practices, and as well as from the impoundment of these rivers downstream in Tennessee, has significantly impacted this biologically diverse “hot spot” in the United States. Over one-half of the freshwater mussel species found in this watershed are now listed as threatened or endangered. These species, which are important food sources for other wildlife and which serve as filterers in these rivers, are highly dependent on good water quality. Working together for Virginia’s wildlife The Virginia Wildlife Action Plan was developed with input from a wide array of public and private agencies and organizations. A steering committee composed of representatives of state and federal agencies, private conservation organizations, and land management Species in need of conservation* Threatened/endangered listed species Mussels 89 63 36 Snails 96 7 Crayfish 14 0 Insects 20,000+ 290 9 Fish 210 97 20 Amphibians 74 32 4 Reptiles 61 28 8 Birds 374** 96 12 Mammals 85 24 10 Other Invertebrates 185 5 Totals 20,893++ 925 111 * Each state is using its own criteria for this category. Virginia focused on species that demonstrated some level of rarity or risk of imperilment (e.g., subject to habitat loss, impacted by pollution, currently at low population levels, etc.). These species were further grouped into four tiers of relative imperilment, with the top tier including those of “critical conservation need” and the fourth tier including those of “moderate conservation need.” The list does include some wildlife officially listed as threatened or endangered within the Commonwealth. ** Includes breeding and most migratory birds. Wildlife highlights 230 Virginia Wildlife Action Plan
Highlight habitats Wildlife (examples) Issue (examples) Action (examples) Barrier Islands Ownership: mix of public/private Piping plover (bird), American oystercatcher (bird), Northern diamond-backed terrapin • Recreational use • Predation by introduced species • Work with partners and local communities to provide greater outreach to beach users about the need to minimize impacts. • Remove introduced predators, particularly foxes and raccoons, on public and private lands as necessary to reduce impacts. Upper Tennessee watershed (Clinch, Powell, and Holston Rivers) Ownership: mix of public/private Birdwing pearlymussel (freshwater mussel), Wounded darter (fish), Eastern hellbender (amphibian), Clinch River crayfish (crayfish) • Sedimentation • Channel and shoreline alteration • Organic pollutants • Provide incentives to private landowners to restore and maintain shoreline and stream habitats. • Protect vegetated stream buffers to limit sedimentation. • Work with government agencies and industries on strategies to reduce contaminant discharges. Grassland Ownership: mix of public/private Grasshopper sparrow (bird), Upland sandpiper (bird), Eastern slender glass lizard (reptile) • Habitat fragmentation and degradation • Exotic species • Improve incentives to private landowners to restore and maintain large patches of grassland habitats. • Restore warm season grasses and reduce the use of cool season grasses. Recommended actions to conserve Virginia’s wildlife Assateague Island/ Dwight Dyke, VA Department of Game and Inland Fisheries Virginia Wildlife Action Plan 231
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State Wildlife Action Plans Working
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Table of Contents Executive Summary
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Wildlife At The Crossroads—The Ne
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tions for wildlife in immediate dan
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Eight Required Elements of Wildlife
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The Association of Fish and Wildlif
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A Strong Foundation of Prior Planni
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streams and swim to the sea Or eels
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and habitats. By consulting with ex
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identifying species of greatest con
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In Action: Pika Alert: Tracking Cli
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Adaptive Management: Learning by Do
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Taking Action The wildlife action p
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Tumbling Creek Cave offers an excel
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Carrying on the Legacy A Call to Ac
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Alabama Wildlife Action Plan What i
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Highlight habitats Wildlife (exampl
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Alaska Wildlife Action Plan What is
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including nuisance species, will li
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Arizona Wildlife Action Plan What i
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Key Habitats Wildlife (examples) Is
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Arkansas Wildlife Action Plan What
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California Wildlife Action Plan Wha
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Colorado Wildlife Action Plan What
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with greater frequency of high-spee
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Connecticut Comprehensive Wildlife
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Delaware Wildlife Action Plan What
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District of Columbia Wildlife Actio
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Florida’s Wildlife Legacy Initiat
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Georgia Wildlife Action Plan What i
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Hawai’i Wildlife Action Plan What
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Idaho Comprehensive Wildlife Conser
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for ensuring that wildlife can cont
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Illinois Wildlife Action Plan What
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Indiana Comprehensive Wildlife Stra
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Iowa Wildlife Action Plan What is a
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Kansas Wildlife Action Plan What is
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Kentucky Wildlife Action Plan What
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Louisiana Wildlife Action Plan What
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Highlight habitats Eastern upland l
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Maine Wildlife Action Plan What is
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Highlight habitats Marine Open Wate
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Maryland Wildlife Diversity Conserv
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Massachusetts Wildlife Action Plan
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Highlight habitats Connecticut and
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Michigan Wildlife Action Plan What
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Highlight habitats Prairie Ownershi
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Minnesota Wildlife Action Plan What
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ers need more surveys for species o
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Mississippi’s Comprehensive Wildl
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Missouri Comprehensive Wildlife Str
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Highlight habitats Wildlife Issues
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Montana Comprehensive Fish & Wildli
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Nebraska Natural Legacy Project Wha
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Nevada Wildlife Action Plan What is
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Highlight habitats Sagebrush Wildli
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New Hampshire Wildlife Action Plan
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New Jersey Wildlife Action Plan Wha
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New Mexico Comprehensive Wildlife C
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New York Comprehensive Wildlife Con
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North Carolina Wildlife Action Plan
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North Dakota Comprehensive Wildlife
Page 179 and 180: Highlight habitats Wildlife (exampl
Page 181 and 182: Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation
Page 183 and 184: Highlight habitats Native forest Wi
Page 185 and 186: Ohio Wildlife Action Plan What is a
Page 187 and 188: Key Habitats Wildlife (examples) Is
Page 189 and 190: Oklahoma Wildlife Action Plan What
Page 193 and 194: Oregon Conservation Strategy What i
Page 197 and 198: Pennsylvania Wildlife Action Plan W
Page 199 and 200: Wood turtle/ Andy Shiels. PFBC, www
Page 201 and 202: Rhode Island Wildlife Action Plan W
Page 203 and 204: Highlight habitats Pitch Pine/ Scru
Page 205 and 206: South Carolina Comprehensive Wildli
Page 207 and 208: Habitat/species highlights Wildlife
Page 209 and 210: South Dakota Wildlife Action Plan W
Page 211 and 212: South Dakota Management Units/SDGFP
Page 213 and 214: Tennessee Wildlife Action Plan What
Page 215 and 216: Highlight habitats Terrestrial habi
Page 217 and 218: Texas Wildlife Action Plan What is
Page 219 and 220: Highlight habitats Blackland Prairi
Page 221 and 222: Utah Wildlife Action Plan What is a
Page 223 and 224: General Threats Development Fire Cy
Page 225 and 226: Vermont Wildlife Action Plan What i
Page 229: Virginia Wildlife Action Plan What
Page 233 and 234: Washington Wildlife Action Plan Wha
Page 235 and 236: Highlight habitats Shrub-steppe Own
Page 237 and 238: West Virginia Wildlife Conservation
Page 241 and 242: Wisconsin Wildlife Action Plan What
Page 243 and 244: Highlight habitats Northern Mesic F
Page 245 and 246: Wyoming Wildlife Action Plan What i
Page 247 and 248: Ferret/WGFD need for the action pla
Page 249 and 250: Watching wildlife in Oklahoma/ODWC
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State WAP Revised 8.29.06.indd - Teaming With Wildlife

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