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CONTENTS. BOOK III. CHAPTER VI. Page Mountains of New Andalusia---Valley of Cumanacoa---Summit of the Cocallar--- Missions of the Chayma Indians 1 CHAPTER VII. Convent of Caripe---Cavern of the Guacharo---Nocturnal Birds 111 CHAPTER VIII. Departure from Caripe---Mountain and Forest of Santa Maria---Missions of Catuaro--- Port of Cariaco 157 CHAPTER IX. Physical Constitutions and Manners of the Chaymas---<strong>The</strong>ir languages---Filiation of the Nations which inhabit New Andualusia---Pariagotoes seen by Columbus 207 NOTES TO BOOK III. A---Bibliography of the Grammars of American Languages 299 B---Fragment of Vocabulary of the Language of the Chaymas 301
NOTES TO BOOK III. C---Observations of Christopher Columbus on the passage of the Polar Star over the meridian 303 BOOK IV. CHAPTER X. Second abode at Cumana---Earthquakes---Extraordinary meteors 307 CHAPTER XI. Passage from Cumana to La Guayra---Morro of New Barcelona---Cape Codera ---Road from La Guayra to Caraccas 347 CHAPTER XII. General View of the Provinces of Venezuela---Diversity of their Interests--- Town and Valley of Caraccas 420 CHAPTER XIII. Abode at Caraccas---Mountains that surround the Town---Excursion to the summit of the Silla---Indications of Mines 470 NOTES TO BOOK IV. A---Luminous points seen during the eclipse of the Sun on the 28 th of October, 1799 537 B---Inquiry into the causes of the Twinkling of Stars 538 C---Attempts to determine the Relative Intensity of the light of Stars 540
Page 1 and 2: PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF TRAVELS TO TH
Page 3: AMS PRESS, INC. New York, N.Y. 1000
Page 7 and 8: [volume 3] JOURNEY TO THE EQUINOCTI
Page 9 and 10: 3 The trade in the copper-coloured
Page 11 and 12: 5 in a state little different from
Page 13 and 14: 7 regularly every day under the tro
Page 15 and 16: 9 the limits of the ancient coast;
Page 17 and 18: 11 assimilates the breccia to that
Page 19 and 20: 13 blackish clay-slate*, which migh
Page 21 and 22: 15 with the elements. When we take
Page 23 and 24: 17 physical and moral causes, the c
Page 25 and 26: 19 degrees. It is easy to account f
Page 27 and 28: 21 determine the longitude of the p
Page 29 and 30: 23 built by the side of a powder-ma
Page 31 and 32: 25 every year the frequency of eart
Page 33 and 34: 27 The cuspa, a common tree in the
Page 35 and 36: 29 the analogy of the names, the cu
Page 37 and 38: 31 between the properties of vegeta
Page 39 and 40: 33 at the same time attacked, yield
Page 41 and 42: 35 which are easily forded. We obse
Page 43 and 44: 37 lianas as creep on the ground, r
Page 45 and 46: 39 of lightness, which forms an agr
Page 47 and 48: 41 inhabitants, and the extreme nea
Page 49 and 50: 43 reveries, and the contemplative
Page 51 and 52: 45 to us, that the custom of marryi
Page 53 and 54: 47 child with his own milk. The mot
Page 55 and 56:
49 race of Chayma Indians: he is a
Page 57 and 58:
51 the nipple in men has long puzzl
Page 59 and 60:
53 diminish during a great part of
Page 61 and 62:
55 stars. The thermometer kept from
Page 63 and 64:
57 the urtica baccifera, and a new
Page 65 and 66:
59 rows, three or four feet distant
Page 67 and 68:
61 well as in the neighbouring dist
Page 69 and 70:
63 anil*, which is cultivated joint
Page 71 and 72:
65 heavy and coppery, and that of C
Page 73 and 74:
67 the ravine of San Juanillo, two
Page 75 and 76:
69 the forests. Farther to the West
Page 77 and 78:
71 with respect to the greatest of
Page 79 and 80:
73 farm, and brought back some dogs
Page 81 and 82:
75 the species by the smell, and mo
Page 83 and 84:
77 acids, though silex and alumine
Page 85 and 86:
79 iron only could be obtained from
Page 87 and 88:
81 unfortunately inaccessible to ma
Page 89 and 90:
83 seen to shine with a splendid li
Page 91 and 92:
85 rocks, at an enormous distance f
Page 93 and 94:
87 us from the port of Cumana. We t
Page 95 and 96:
89 landholder boasts of the water o
Page 97 and 98:
91 mobility of the imagination of m
Page 99 and 100:
93 birds and winds waft them contin
Page 101 and 102:
95 so well known by the sailors who
Page 103 and 104:
97 the dip of the needle 42.1°. Th
Page 105 and 106:
99 and Guarapiche, both of which, r
Page 107 and 108:
101 house, next in that of the chur
Page 109 and 110:
103 plains, and examine the springs
Page 111 and 112:
105 known by the name of the Cuchil
Page 113 and 114:
107 trees, and covered with gramine
Page 115 and 116:
109 in a great part of Europe, the
Page 117 and 118:
[volume 3] CHAPTER VII. Convent of
Page 119 and 120:
113 which at first sight seem suspe
Page 121 and 122:
115 The convent is founded on a spo
Page 123 and 124:
117 constantly foggy, the sun remai
Page 125 and 126:
119 any congregation in particular.
Page 127 and 128:
121 walking sometimes in the water,
Page 129 and 130:
123 of inorganic nature, present st
Page 131 and 132:
125 think belong exclusively to tho
Page 133 and 134:
127 be compared to the croaking of
Page 135 and 136:
129 with the carnage made every yea
Page 137 and 138:
131 We followed, as we continued ou
Page 139 and 140:
133 every where connected with the
Page 141 and 142:
135 species of plants, the form, co
Page 143 and 144:
137 would have been sufficient, to
Page 145 and 146:
139 quartz*, of feldspar, or of fin
Page 147 and 148:
141 we find all the characters of a
Page 149 and 150:
143 there would remain to examine,
Page 151 and 152:
145 into the deepest and most spaci
Page 153 and 154:
147 What in the shelly or Neptunean
Page 155 and 156:
149 the people. I also sought in va
Page 157 and 158:
151 Excepting the megalonyx*, a kin
Page 159 and 160:
153 is but very recently, that pain
Page 161 and 162:
155 height, the mean temperature of
Page 163 and 164:
157 [Volume 3] CHAPTER VIII. Depart
Page 165 and 166:
159 the foggy atmosphere of a valle
Page 167 and 168:
161 by the waters, the verdure, and
Page 169 and 170:
163 rise here and there, the flower
Page 171 and 172:
165 are some of them twenty inches
Page 173 and 174:
167 of Caripe. These palms with pin
Page 175 and 176:
169 The weather was cloudy, and led
Page 177 and 178:
171 Carthagena to Santa Fe de Bogot
Page 179 and 180:
173 eyes fixed on the ground. We en
Page 181 and 182:
175 with abrupt slopes appear more
Page 183 and 184:
177 the Island of Margaretta and th
Page 185 and 186:
179 out at Caraccas in 1798, had be
Page 187 and 188:
181 We walked as in a narrow furrow
Page 189 and 190:
183 properties. We shall often have
Page 191 and 192:
185 this rocky dyke, the isthmus it
Page 193 and 194:
187 climate of Cariaco unhealthy. T
Page 195 and 196:
189 copious perspiration, expose th
Page 197 and 198:
191 miasmata, because they contain,
Page 199 and 200:
193 of the cacao-trees, which do no
Page 201 and 202:
195 in proportion as a country is l
Page 203 and 204:
197 sugar-cane of Otaheite. The pop
Page 205 and 206:
199 The alcatras, a large species o
Page 207 and 208:
201 of the year is not below 30°*.
Page 209 and 210:
203 appearance, those fine plantati
Page 211 and 212:
205 property, which the leaves poss
Page 213 and 214:
207 [Volume 3] CHAPTER IX. Physical
Page 215 and 216:
209 conquest, the natives were coll
Page 217 and 218:
211 the islands formed by the Delta
Page 219 and 220:
213 in the time of the Bishop of Ch
Page 221 and 222:
215 secular arm continually tends t
Page 223 and 224:
217 who have described the progress
Page 225 and 226:
219 are difficult to govern. In gen
Page 227 and 228:
221 the subject of this chapter. I
Page 229 and 230:
223 All their limbs are round and f
Page 231 and 232:
225 of the earliest travellers; but
Page 233 and 234:
227 and when only a small arm of a
Page 235 and 236:
229 to impetuous and quick emotions
Page 237 and 238:
231 to the age of ten or twelve, ha
Page 239 and 240:
233 to the ideas that we annex to b
Page 241 and 242:
235 he dined*. The custom of marryi
Page 243 and 244:
237 have bestowed very little heard
Page 245 and 246:
239 Indians of South-America appear
Page 247 and 248:
241 the monks. They were made to af
Page 249 and 250:
243 where they are preserved among
Page 251 and 252:
245 are common to all the Germannic
Page 253 and 254:
247 verb, an artificial industry to
Page 255 and 256:
249 alone amidst five or six hundre
Page 257 and 258:
251 less agreeable to my ear, than
Page 259 and 260:
253 the seventeenth century, have p
Page 261 and 262:
255 I shall prove this connection b
Page 263 and 264:
257 CHAYMA. TAMANACK. Ata, a house.
Page 265 and 266:
259 m all languages, is az or ats i
Page 267 and 268:
261 as in Sanscrit; while God is ca
Page 269 and 270:
263 pointed out, we do not think, t
Page 271 and 272:
265 "It might de said*, that they a
Page 273 and 274:
267 de los Indios*, is a proof of t
Page 275 and 276:
269 and Biscayan languages, by a ce
Page 277 and 278:
271 forget, that a people celebrate
Page 279 and 280:
273 to designate the vegetables tha
Page 281 and 282:
275 of semibarbarous nations, which
Page 283 and 284:
277 This we will not positively aff
Page 285 and 286:
279 before the flowers appear. Thus
Page 287 and 288:
281 The Guaikeries inhabit the isla
Page 289 and 290:
283 Quaquas. Perhaps these two trib
Page 291 and 292:
285 in the Llanos*, in returning fr
Page 293 and 294:
287 Mexico, before he entered the c
Page 295 and 296:
289 the oral relations, which they
Page 297 and 298:
291 of Behring's Straits, of the pe
Page 299 and 300:
293 we meet with tribes among whom
Page 301 and 302:
295 Colonies has hindered the progr
Page 303 and 304:
297 and progressive debilitation, a
Page 305 and 306:
299 NOTES TO THE THIRD BOOK. NOTE A
Page 307 and 308:
301 NOTE B. Language of the Chaymas
Page 309 and 310:
302 Tucuchi, hummingbird. you marri
Page 311 and 312:
303 Amna zezin, or enzez, let us go
Page 313 and 314:
304 Africa. These singular hypothes
Page 315 and 316:
[306 is blank] [Volume 3] BOOK IV.
Page 317 and 318:
309 the stroke by leaping toward th
Page 319 and 320:
311 satisfied with simply stealing
Page 321 and 322:
313 partial observations. The perfe
Page 323 and 324:
315 struck with this effect of a fo
Page 325 and 326:
317 A few minutes before the first
Page 327 and 328:
319 or small atmospheric tides, was
Page 329 and 330:
321 or three, and sometimes seven o
Page 331 and 332:
323 dipping compasses; that, if the
Page 333 and 334:
325 the same dip, within five cente
Page 335 and 336:
327 in the intensity of the forces,
Page 337 and 338:
329 employed, might be rendered nea
Page 339 and 340:
331 the effect of the height of the
Page 341 and 342:
333 Almost all the inhabitants of C
Page 343 and 344:
335 here observe; that it is no les
Page 345 and 346:
337 of the globe of 64° of latitud
Page 347 and 348:
339 12th of November, between the h
Page 349 and 350:
341 such laborious researches on fa
Page 351 and 352:
343 can we conceive why the whole s
Page 353 and 354:
345 near that extreme limit where t
Page 355 and 356:
347 CHAPTER XI. Passage from Cumana
Page 357 and 358:
349 traveller reposes himself in a
Page 359 and 360:
351 Juan Gonzales was thoroughly ac
Page 361 and 362:
353 drawn through these stars. It i
Page 363 and 364:
355 of duration. I appeal to those,
Page 365 and 366:
357 animals swam at equal distances
Page 367 and 368:
359 spot, but a tribe of Indians ne
Page 369 and 370:
361 in the Oroonoko, which so much
Page 371 and 372:
363 and three thousand at Carupano,
Page 373 and 374:
365 The view from the height of the
Page 375 and 376:
367 At the instant we set sail, on
Page 377 and 378:
369 the place of the flowers of our
Page 379 and 380:
371 take. Remonstrances were useles
Page 381 and 382:
373 it was attended by no sensible
Page 383 and 384:
375 rises like lattice-work above t
Page 385 and 386:
377 found. The gneiss did not act u
Page 387 and 388:
379 current to the east precedes th
Page 389 and 390:
381 having passed it, we discovered
Page 391 and 392:
383 with what I have often observed
Page 393 and 394:
385 only compared the temperatures
Page 395 and 396:
387 Vera Cruz, 28·7°; at the Hava
Page 397 and 398:
389 places on the Earth*; that the
Page 399 and 400:
391 Firma, the real typhus of Ameri
Page 401 and 402:
393 from eight to ten feet in depth
Page 403 and 404:
395 the elevation of which a little
Page 405 and 406:
397 it is not contagious in its nat
Page 407 and 408:
399 frequent. The streets of La Gua
Page 409 and 410:
401 did formerly, but that they do
Page 411 and 412:
403 the table-land of Caraccas towa
Page 413 and 414:
405 which is a granular mixture of
Page 415 and 416:
407 After having described the scen
Page 417 and 418:
409 direct distance of five or six
Page 419 and 420:
411 Real fortifications crown the s
Page 421 and 422:
413 in my time* along the road, the
Page 423 and 424:
415 us in a thick fog, and put an e
Page 425 and 426:
417 by an uncommon exception in tha
Page 427 and 428:
419 is common in the primitive lime
Page 429 and 430:
421 These dismemberments occur only
Page 431 and 432:
423 provinces of Venezuela, has nea
Page 433 and 434:
425 the third zone, the shore, and
Page 435 and 436:
427 of those races has preserved, i
Page 437 and 438:
429 the safety of their anchorage a
Page 439 and 440:
431 hold their colonies, the agitat
Page 441 and 442:
433 accomplished; and a European co
Page 443 and 444:
435 of thirty. I love to record fac
Page 445 and 446:
437 approximate number of white Cre
Page 447 and 448:
439 selves; and examine, from motiv
Page 449 and 450:
441 almost unknown. They would no d
Page 451 and 452:
443 especially when the flour of Ne
Page 453 and 454:
445 without the aid of physicians.
Page 455 and 456:
447 two hundred and ninety-five toi
Page 457 and 458:
449 and preferred remaining near th
Page 459 and 460:
451 houses are spacious, and higher
Page 461 and 462:
453 the alpine rosetree* of equinoc
Page 463 and 464:
455 two winds, one that comes from
Page 465 and 466:
457 high valley of Caraccas, and, g
Page 467 and 468:
459 months of November, December, a
Page 469 and 470:
461 quantity of heat developed in e
Page 471 and 472:
463 are the differences of climate
Page 473 and 474:
465 is so common, that it has almos
Page 475 and 476:
467 am not convinced, that the Amer
Page 477 and 478:
469 the seventeenth century, it is
Page 479 and 480:
471 from the Silla, accumulates str
Page 481 and 482:
473 Caraccas being situate on the c
Page 483 and 484:
475 descendants of the Conquistador
Page 485 and 486:
477 whose blood has not been contam
Page 487 and 488:
479 advanced in civilization; but i
Page 489 and 490:
481 guides. They were Blacks, and k
Page 491 and 492:
483 of the sea, that is, nearly eig
Page 493 and 494:
485 signs, that we should soon be c
Page 495 and 496:
487 the crevice, that it would be e
Page 497 and 498:
489 a whole wood. It was the palma
Page 499 and 500:
491 striking resemblance of appeara
Page 501 and 502:
493 of the seas, wherever places so
Page 503 and 504:
495 Supposing even what is probable
Page 505 and 506:
497 learned editors of the Flora of
Page 507 and 508:
499 night between 10º and 12°. At
Page 509 and 510:
501 resinous and fragrant plants of
Page 511 and 512:
503 of the great number of persons
Page 513 and 514:
505 toward the oriental summit. The
Page 515 and 516:
507 Canigou; but it is distinguishe
Page 517 and 518:
509 lower than the Peak of Teneriff
Page 519 and 520:
511 mountains, that separates Yare
Page 521 and 522:
513 Ocumare, behind which begins th
Page 523 and 524:
515 forces; but we must remark, tha
Page 525 and 526:
517 The temperature of the atmosphe
Page 527 and 528:
519 point of saturation in the air
Page 529 and 530:
521 rounded fragments of quartz*. I
Page 531 and 532:
523 us successively, to sleep in th
Page 533 and 534:
525 the lodes and indications of or
Page 535 and 536:
527 Ferdinand, "gold is a thing so
Page 537 and 538:
529 soon abandoned. Here, as in all
Page 539 and 540:
531 to agriculture, should have tri
Page 541 and 542:
533 part of the valley, which opens
Page 543 and 544:
535 question, whether the province
Page 545 and 546:
538 gunpowder fired. Considering th
Page 547 and 548:
540 than in those which are natural
Page 549 and 550:
542 combinations, that Sirius is as
Page 551 and 552:
544 A 94° 31' B 95° 51' 45'' C 95
Page 553 and 554:
546 of the horizon, at the moment o
Page 555 and 556:
548 was 95° 119) is quite white. I
Page 557 and 558:
550 On examining the angles of alti
Page 559 and 560:
552 width, the difference will he i
Page 561 and 562:
554 is so common under the tropics,
Page 563 and 564:
556 which are accidental but often
Page 565 and 566:
558 DECEMBER 1799. 2. 23 h 0 5 ½ 1
Page 567 and 568:
560 DECEMBER. 1799. 9. 23 h ½ 3 ½
Page 569 and 570:
562 DECEMBER. THERM. Whalebone 1799
Page 571 and 572:
564 DECEMBER. 1799. 24. 23 h 1 3 ½
Page 573 and 574:
566 DECEMBER. 1799. 31. 23 h 0 1 3
Page 575 and 576:
568 JANUARY. 1800. 15. 22 h 1 3 ½
Page 577 and 578:
570 DAYS. Mean Temperature of the d
Page 583 and 584:
[573] SUPPLEMENT. The desire I had
Page 585:
575 is feldspar, containing crystal
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