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Timeline of Brunei History
10,000 Apparent beginning of prehistory.
95 BCE Carbon date from Kota Batu.
By C7 CE Known existence of a state called Vijayapura somewhere
in north-west Borneo.
C7 – C17 Occupation of Kota Batu archaeological site.
C9
Known existence of a state referred to by the Chinese as
P’o-ni.
977 King of P’o-ni paid tribute to China.
1225 Account of P’o-ni by Chau Ju-Kua.
1264 Tomb of a Chinese Muslim in Brunei.
1350-1510 Occupation of Sungei Lumut archaeological site.
1365 Javanese source (by the poet Prapanca) mentions that
“Buruneng” was tributary to Majapahit.
c. 1368-1369 Brunei sacked by the Sulus but rescued by the Javanese.
1371 Account of P’o-ni by Sung Lien.
1405 P’o-ni sent tribute mission to China.
1408 Death of a Rule of P’o-ni in China.
1408-1425 Several mission from P’o-ni to China.
1432 Muslim tombstone in Brunei.
1499 Another Muslim tombstone.
1505 Ludovico de Varthema (c1465/79-1517) – first recorded
European visitor to the city of Brunei.
1511 Fall of Malacca.
1512 Formation of the Sultanate of Johore.
1521 Account of Brunei by Antonio Francesco Pigafetta (1491-
1534).
1578 Spanish expedition against Brunei. Death of the sixth
Muslim Sultan of Brunei – the first corroborated date of
any such Sultan.
1579 Another Spanish fleet appeared in Brunei waters but
departed without engaging in hostilities.
c. 1590 First extant attempt to write a history of Brunei.
1600-1601 Visit of Admiral Olivier van Noort to Brunei.
1602-1682 Factory of the English East India Company at Bantam,
Java.
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