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49<br />

IS-2008-27: GridWise Architecture Council: Decision-Maker's Interoperability<br />

Checklist Draft Version 1.0<br />

This paper by the GridWise Architecture Council explains the importance of<br />

interoperability in the system <strong>for</strong> generating, transporting, distributing, and using<br />

electricity. Distinctions are made among Technical Interoperability (physical and<br />

communications connections), <strong>In<strong>for</strong>mation</strong>al Interoperability (data content and meaning),<br />

and Organizational Interoperability (business and legal relationships). Interoperability will<br />

improve reliability, market operations, and will lower grid capital costs. The authors urge<br />

that interoperability be factored into equipment design as the grid is upgraded. They<br />

propose a checklist to determine if a proposed upgrade facilitates interoperability.<br />

IS-2008-26: China Market, The Security Industry Association Report: Olympic<br />

Update<br />

This paper by the Security Industry Association describes the plans <strong>for</strong> security systems<br />

at the August 2008 Beijing, China Olympic Games. There are 31 Olympic venues. The<br />

business organizations involved and coordination are described. Expenditures on<br />

security systems are estimated at $300 million <strong>for</strong> the Olympics. The equipment to be<br />

used and suppliers are listed.<br />

IS-2008-25: ROADMs in Network Architectures<br />

This document by Ciena explains the functions of Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop<br />

Multiplexers (ROADMs) <strong>for</strong> enabling dynamic configuration of optical networks. ROADMs<br />

are designed to support Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM). DWDM<br />

supports multiple fiber optics channels of different wavelengths. ROADMs allows these<br />

channels to be added, removed, or modified automatically. The technology of ROADMs<br />

is explained.<br />

IS-2008-24: Making the Case <strong>for</strong> Converged Ethernet Transport<br />

This paper by Ciena explains that role of Ethernet <strong>for</strong> high-speed data transport outside<br />

of a local area network. Internet traffic is predicted to grow at a 35 per cent-compound<br />

rate between 2006 and 2012. Ethernet Internet Protocol traffic is expected to surpass<br />

time division multiplexing traffic by 2009. Technologies <strong>for</strong> optical Ethernet switches are<br />

discussed. Applications include triple play, business data services, and wireless backhaul<br />

operations.<br />

IS-2008-23: Evolution to the 100G Transport Network<br />

The technologies to transport 100 Gbps Internet data are discussed in this report<br />

authored by Ciena. Applications include video-on-demand and IPTV. Client connections<br />

to the Internet backbone are now reaching 10 Gbps. The backbone operates at two to 10<br />

times the highest-speed client. 100 Gbps is considered <strong>for</strong> data centers and metropolitan<br />

and wide area network connectivity. Technologies <strong>for</strong> implementing 100 Gpbs using fiber<br />

optics are discussed.<br />

IS-2008-22: Final Report of the Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Broadband Task Force - January 2008<br />

This paper is a report to the government of Cali<strong>for</strong>nia about broadband Internet<br />

deployment in the state and policy proposals to increase availability. Benefits claimed<br />

include telecommuting, video conferencing, distant-learning, remote medical analysis,<br />

and increased civic discourse. Broadband is not widely available to rural locations where<br />

three million people live in Cali<strong>for</strong>nia. It was noted that broadband costs are up to four<br />

times higher and one-tenth the speed than in other developed countries, such as a<br />

Japan. The US ranks 16th in broadband adoption and Cali<strong>for</strong>nia ranks 10th compared to<br />

developed countries. The report recommends that high-speed broadband be available to<br />

all Cali<strong>for</strong>nians "with the lowest subsidy necessary" and with tax incentives.

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