for PalmSens handheld potentiostat/galvanostat - WonATech
for PalmSens handheld potentiostat/galvanostat - WonATech
for PalmSens handheld potentiostat/galvanostat - WonATech
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The available methods<br />
Voltammetric techniques:<br />
• Linear sweep voltammetry LSV<br />
• Differential pulse voltammetry DPV<br />
• Square wave voltammetry SWV<br />
• Normal pulse voltammetry NPV<br />
• ac Voltammetry acV<br />
• Cyclic voltammetry CV<br />
• Stripping chronopotentiometry (or PSA) SCP<br />
Note: these techniques can also be used <strong>for</strong> stripping voltammetry<br />
Techniques as a function of time:<br />
• Amperometric detection AD<br />
• Pulsed amperometric detection PAD<br />
• Multiple pulse amperometry MPAD<br />
• Fast amperometry FAMP<br />
• Potentiometry CP<br />
• Multistep Amperometry MA<br />
• Multistep Potentiometry MP<br />
The specifications of most of the relevant parameters<br />
General pretreatment:<br />
General voltammetric parameters:<br />
Apply conditioning potential <strong>for</strong>:<br />
Apply deposition potential <strong>for</strong>:<br />
Apply begin potential <strong>for</strong>:<br />
0 – 1600 s<br />
0 – 1600 s<br />
0 – 1600 s<br />
Begin potential: -2.000 V to + 2.000 V<br />
End potential: -2.000 V to + 2.000 V<br />
Step potential: 1 mV to 250 mV<br />
Conditioning potential:<br />
Deposition potential:<br />
Standby potential:<br />
-2.000 V to + 2.000 V<br />
-2.000 V to + 2.000 V<br />
-2.000 V to + 2.000 V<br />
Pulse potential: 1 mV to 250 mV<br />
ac-amplitude: 1 mV to 250 mV<br />
Limits of some technique specific parameters <strong>for</strong> <strong>PalmSens</strong><br />
DPV and NPV: Scan rate:<br />
Pulse time:<br />
1 mV/s (1mV step) to 50 mV/s (5 mV<br />
step)<br />
10 ms to 300 ms<br />
SWV: Frequency: 1 Hz to 400 Hz<br />
SCP: Sampling rate: Approx. 40 kHz., max. 100 s<br />
LSV and CV: Scan rate: 0.2 mV/s (1 mV step) to 5 V/s (5 mV<br />
step)<br />
acV:<br />
AD and PAD:<br />
MPAD:<br />
Fast amperometry:<br />
Scan rate:<br />
Frequency:<br />
Interval time:<br />
Pulse time:<br />
Run time:<br />
Mode:<br />
Maximum number of points:<br />
Pulse times:<br />
Run time:<br />
Number of potential levels:<br />
Maximum number of points:<br />
Interval time:<br />
Maximum run time:<br />
Maximum number of points:<br />
1 mV/s (1 mV step) to 25 mV/s (5 mV<br />
step)<br />
0.12 Hz to 250 Hz<br />
10 or 50 ms to 300 s<br />
1 ms to 1 s<br />
10 s to 100000 s<br />
dc-amperometry and normal<br />
pulse and differential pulse.<br />
65000<br />
100 ms to 2 s<br />
10 s to 100000 s<br />
3<br />
65000<br />
1 ms to 1 s<br />
30 s<br />
20000