Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring and Pulse Contour Analysis
Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring and Pulse Contour Analysis
Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring and Pulse Contour Analysis
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TPTD <strong>and</strong> PiCCO<br />
• A known volume of thermal indicator (ice-cold saline) is injected<br />
via a central venous catheter.<br />
• Depends on body weight (varies from 2mls – 20mls)<br />
• The resulting packet of cooler blood traverses the thorax <strong>and</strong> <br />
is sensed by a thermistor in the femoral or axillary position <br />
generating a TD dissipation curve.<br />
• <strong>Cardiac</strong> output is then calculated from the curve using the<br />
modified Stewart-Hamilton equation for TD.<br />
• The average result from three consecutive bolus injections is<br />
recorded.
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