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Fragmentation Motivation & Background Introduction ◮ An important, open issue in QCD is the nature of confinement ◮ Confinement is the statement that quarks never exist as free particles in nature. ◮ Related to the strong force being negligible at short distances and extremely strong at larger distances (10 −15 m) ◮ Confinement causes any quark attempting to exit a bound state to either be pulled back into the bound state or to hadronize into a new particle. ◮ Fragmentation is the process by which a quark hadronizes into the observed particles. ◮ The original bound state is said to “fragment” ◮ Two types of fragmentation are usually defined Favored: struck quark present in the observed particles. Disfavored: struck quark not present in the observed particles. ◮ One of the key issues of this dissertation is the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) spin-structure of fragmentation. ◮ Note: TMD effects also important aspect of proton structure. Gliske (HERMES / Michigan) SIDIS Vector Mesons at Hermes 11 April, 2011 4 / 66
Motivation & Background Introduction SIDIS Production of Hadrons ◮ The SIDIS hadron & dihadron processes e + p → e ′ + h + X, e + p → e ′ + h 1 + h 2 + X. ◮ Dihadron production includes all subprocesses leading to hadron pair final states ◮ Factorization theorem implies σ ep→ehX = ∑ q DF ⊗ σeq→eq ⊗ FF ◮ Access integrals of DFs and FFs through Fourier moments of φ h , φ S , φ R & Legendre polynomials in cos ϑ. φ h = signumˆ (k × P h ) · q˜ arccos (q × k) · (q × P h) , |q × k| |q × P h | (q × k) · (q × S) φ S = signumˆ (k × S) · q˜ arccos , |q × k| |q × S| φ R = signumˆ (R × P h ) · n˜ arccos (q × k) · (P h × R) . |q × k| |P h × R| Gliske (HERMES / Michigan) SIDIS Vector Mesons at Hermes 11 April, 2011 5 / 66
Page 1 and 2: Transverse Target Moments of Dihadr
Page 3: Motivation & Background Motivation
Page 7 and 8: Motivation & Background Introductio
Page 9 and 10: Motivation & Background Fragmentati
Page 11 and 12: Motivation & Background Fragmentati
Page 13 and 14: Theory Partial Wave Expansion Fragm
Page 15 and 16: Theory Partial Wave Expansion Where
Page 17 and 18: Theory Cross Section Structure Func
Page 19 and 20: Theory Spectator Model Collinear Di
Page 21 and 22: Numerical Methods Smearing/Acceptan
Page 23 and 24: Numerical Solution ◮ Define/compu
Page 25 and 26: Numerical Methods New TMDGEN Genera
Page 27 and 28: Numerical Methods TMDGEN π + π 0
Page 29 and 30: Analysis Analysis Gliske (HERMES /
Page 31 and 32: Analysis Mass Distribution: π + π
Page 33 and 34: Fitting Functions Analysis Fitting
Page 35 and 36: Analysis Monte Carlo Challenge Chal
Page 37 and 38: Analysis Non-resonant Photon Pairs
Page 39 and 40: Analysis Exclusive Background Proce
Page 41 and 42: Analysis Consistency Check Comparis
Page 43 and 44: Systematic Studies Challenge B Mont
Page 45 and 46: Systematic Studies Challenge B Chal
Page 47 and 48: Systematic Studies Year Dependence
Page 49 and 50: Systematic Studies Particle Identif
Page 51 and 52: Systematic Studies Overall Systemat
Page 53 and 54: Results and Conclusions Sivers mome
Page 55 and 56:
Results and Conclusions Collins |1,
Page 57 and 58:
Results and Conclusions Collins |2,
Page 59 and 60:
Conclusions Results and Conclusions
Page 61 and 62:
Backup Slides Rigorous Definitions
Page 63 and 64:
Backup Slides Relations with Previo
Page 65 and 66:
Backup Slides Fragmentation Correla
Page 67:
Backup Slides Model Calculation for
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