A ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION Glossary of Terms ...

A
A
AEV, the Company, the
Issuer, or the Registrant
AboitizPower Group
AboitizPower Group or
AP Group
Abovant or AHI
AC
Accuria
Adventenergy
AESI
AEV Group
Affiliate
Aggregator
ALD
Ambuklao-Binga
Hydroelectric Power
Complex
Ancillary Services
Agreement or ASA
Ancillary Services or AS
Ancillary Services
Provider or ASP
APRI
ARI
ASPA
Aboitiz Equity Ventures, Inc.
Aboitiz Power Corporation
Aboitiz Power Corporation and its Subsidiaries
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abovant Holdings, Inc.
Alternating Current
Accuria, Inc.
Adventenergy, Inc.
Aboitiz Energy Solutions, Inc.
ACO and the companies or entities in which ACO has a beneficial interest and, directly or indirectly, excercises management control,
including, without limitation, Aboitiz Equity Ventures, Inc., Aboitiz Power Corporation, Union Bank of the Philippines and their
respective Subsidiaries and Affiliates
With respect to any person, any other Person directly or indirectly Controlled or is under common Control by such Person
Refers to a person or entity, engaged in consolidating electric power demand of end-users in the contestable market, for the
purpose of purchasing and reselling electricity on a group basis
Automatic Load Dropping
Refers to the 75 MW Ambuklao Hydroelectric Power Plant of SNAP-Benguet located in Bokod, Benguet and the 100 MW Binga
Hydroelectric Power Plant of SNAP-Benguet located at Itogon, Benguet
An agreement under which a WESM Member, registered as an ancillary service provider, agrees to provide ancillary services
Refers to the support services such as frequency regulating and contingency reserves, reactive power support, and black start
capability which are necessary to support the transmission capacity and energy that are essential in maintaining power quality and
reliability andsecurity of the grid
Refers to a person or entity providing ancillary services and registered with the market operator
AP Renewables, Inc.
Aboitiz Renewables, Inc. (formerly Philippine Hydropower Corporation)
Ancillary Services Procurement Agreement
B
Backup Reserve or
Dispatchable Reserve
BCQ
BEZ
BI
Bilateral Contract
BIR
Black Start
Black Start Capability
Black Start-up Facilities
BOI
BOT
BSP
Bunker C
Business Unit
The ability to respond to a re-dispatch performed by the system operator during a trading interval, on either a regular or an ad hoc
basis
Bilateral Contracted Quantity
Balamban Enerzone Corporation
Business Interruption
A contract between parties, the net effect of which is that defined quantity of electricity has been sold by one party to another, at a
particular node
Bureau of Internal Revenue
The process of recovery from total system blackout using a generating unit with the capability to start and synchronize with the
power system without an external power supply
The ability of a generating unit to go from a shutdown condition to an operating condition and start delivering power to the grid
without offsite power
Facilities which provide black start capability
The Philippine Board of Investments
Build, Operate and Transfer
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
A term used to designate the thickest of the residual fuels that is produced by blending any oil remaining at the end of the oilrefining
process with lighter oil
An Affiliate or Subsidiary of AboitizPower

C
A
CAGELCO
CC & B
Central Dispatch
Chevron
COC
Connection Assets
Contestable Market
Contingency Reserve or
CR
Control
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
Cagayan Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Customer Care and Billing
The process of issuing direct instructions to the electric power industry participants by the system operator to achieve an economic
operation while maintaining power quality, stability, and the reliability and security of the grid
Chevron Geothermal Philippines Holdings, Inc.
Certificate of Compliance
Assets that are put primarily to connect a customer to the grid and used for purposes of transmission connection services for the
conveyance of electricity
Refers to the electricity end-users who have a choice of a supplier of electricity, as may be determined by the ERC in accordance
with EPIRA
Refers to the generating capacity from qualified generating units allocated to cover loss of a synchronized generating unit or the
power import from a single-circuit interconnection, whichever is larger
Possession, directly or indirectly, by a Person of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of
another Person whether through the ownership of voting securities or otherwise; provided, however, that the direct or indirect
ownership of over Fifty percent (50%) of the voting capital stock, registered capital or other equity interest of a Person is deemed to
constitute control of that Person, and "Controlling" and "Controlled" have corresponding meanings
CPCN
CSR
Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity
Corporate Social Responsibility
D
DENR
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Department of Energy or The government agency created pursuant to Republic Act No. 7638 which is provided with the additional mandate under the Act of
DOE
supervising the restructuring of the electricity industry, developing policies and procedures, formulating and implementing
programs, and promoting a system of incentives that will encourage private sector investments and reforms in the electricity
industry and ensuring an adequate and reliable supply of electricity
Dispatch
Dispatch Instruction
Dispatch Schedule
Dispatchable Load
The Act by which the system operator initiates all or part of the response offered or bid by a scheduled generating unit or scheduled
load
Refers to the instruction issued by the system operator to the generators with scheduled generating units and the generators whose
generating units will provide ancillary services to implement the final generation schedule in real time
The target loading levels in MW for each scheduled generating unit or scheduled loads and for each reserve facility for the end of
that trading interval determined by the market operator through the use of a market dispatch optimization model
A load which is able to respond to dispatch instructions and so may be treated as a scheduled load in the dispatch process
Dispatchable Reserve or The ability to respond to a re-dispatch performed by the system operator during a trading interval, on either a regular or an ad hoc
Backup Reserve basis
Distribution Code The set of rules, requirements, procedures, and standards governing distribution utilities and users in the operation, maintenance,
and development of their distribution systems
Distribution Company Refers to any of BEZ, CLP, DLP, MEZ, SEZ, SFELAPCO and VECO
Distribution of Electricity The conveyance of electric power by a distributor through its Distribution System
Distribution System
Refers to any system of wires and associated facilities belonging to a franchised distribution utility extending between the delivery
points on the transmission or subtransmission system or generato connection and the point of connection of the end-user
Distribution Utilities
Distribution Wheeling
Charge
Under the EPIRA, refers to any electric cooperative, private corporation, government-owned utility or existing local government unit
which has an exclusive franchise to operate a distribution system
Refers to the cost or charge regulated by the ERC for the use of a distribution system and/or the availment of related services

D
DMC
DOLE
DSRA
A
Distribution Management Committee
Department of Labor and Employment
Debt Service Reserve Account
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
E
EBIT
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes
EBITDA
ECA
ECC
EIA
EIS
Electric Cooperative
Embedded Generating
Plant
Embedded Generating
Unit
Energy Regulation
Commission
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation & Amortization
Energy Conversion Agreement
Environmental Compliance Certificate
Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental Impact Statement
A cooperative or corporation authorized to provide electric services pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 269, as amended, and RA
No. 6938 within the framework of the national rural electrification plan
A generating plant that is connected to a distribution system or the system of any user and has no direct connection to the grid
A generating unit within an embedded generating plant
The independent, quasi-judicial regulatory body created pursuant to RA No. 9136, which is mandated to promote competition,
encourage market development, ensure customer choice, and penalize abuse of market power in the restructured electricity
industry and among other functions, promulgate and enforce the Philippine Grid Code and the Philippine Distribution Code
Enerzone Companies
EPIRA
EPSA
ERM
Ex-Ante
Ex-Ante Dispatch
Ex-Post
A term collectively referring to BEZ, MEZ and SEZ - the AboitizPower's Distribution Utilities operating within special economic zones
RA No. 9136, otherwise known as the "Electric Power Industry Reform Act of 2001," as amended from time to time, and including
the rules and regulations issued thereunder
Electric Power Supply Agreement
Enterprise Risk Management
A matter determined in relation to a trading interval before that trading interval commences
Under the WESM rules, the dispatch targets set for the end of a trading interval , immediately preceding the beginning of that
trading interval
Under the WESM rules, a matter determined in relation to a trading interval after that trading interval concludes
F
Fast Start
FiT
Forced Outage
Franchise Area
Frequency Regulating
Reserve
The capability of a generating unit or generating plant to start and synchronize with the grid within 15 minutes
Feed-in Tariff
An outage that results from emergency conditions directly associated with a component requiring that it be taken out of service
immediately, either automatically or as soon as switching operations can be performed
A geographical area exclusively assigned or granted to distribution utility for distribution of electricity
Refers to the generating capacity from qualified generating units allocated to cover intra-hour variations in demand, deviations from
generation schedules and hourly forecast errors

G
A
Generation Companies
Generation Company
Generation Schedule
GMC
Good Industry Practice
Government
GRAM
Greenfield project
Grid Code
Grid Impact Studies
Grid or Transmission
System
Grid Owner
GW
GWh
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
Refers to any of APRI, CPPC, DLP, CLP, EAUC, Hedcor, Hedcor Sibulan, Hedcor Tamugan, LHC, SNAP-Magat, SNAP-Benguet, SPPC,
STEAG Power, WMPC, RP Energy and CEDC, collectively
Under the EPIRA, refers to any person or entity authorized by the ERC to operate facilities used in the generation of electricity
Refers to the schedule that indicates the hourly output of the scheduled generating units and the list of generating units that will
provide ancillary services for the next schedule day
Grid Management Committee
The practices and methods not specified in specific standards but are generally accepted by the power industry to be sound and
which ensure the safe and reliable planning, operation, and maintenance of a power system
The Government of the Republic of the Philippines
Generation Rate Adjustment Mechanism
Power generation projects that are developed from inception on previously undeveloped sites
The set of rules, requirements, procedures, and standards to ensure the safe, reliable, secured and efficient operation,
maintenance, and development of the high voltage backbone transmission system and its related facilities
A set of technical studies which are used to assess the possible effects of a proposed expansion, reinforcement, or modificationof
the grid or a user development and to evaluate significant studies
The high voltage backbonesystem of interconnected transmission lines, substations, and related facilities, located in each of Luzon,
Visayas and Mindanao, or as may be determined by the ERC
The party who owns the grid and is responsible for maintaining adequate grid capacity in accordance with the provisions of the Grid
Code
Gigawatt, or one billion watts
Gigawatt-hour
H
HEDC
Hedcor
Hedcor Consortium
Hedcor Sibulan or HSI
Hedcor Tamugan or HTI
HFO
HV
Hydro Electric Development Corporation
Hedcor, Inc.
The consortium comprised of ARI, Hedcor, Hedcor Sibulan and Hedcor Tamugan with an existing PSA with DLP for the supply of new
capacity to DLP
Hedcor Sibulan, Inc.
Hedcor Tamugan, Inc.
Heavy Fuel Oil
High Voltage
I
ICERA
IDR
IEC
IPP Administrator or
IPPA
IRR
ISELCO
Island Grid
Incremental Currency Exchange Rate Adjustment
Irrigation Diversion Requirement
International Electrotechnical Commission
Qualified independent entities appointed by PSALM Corporation to administer, conserve and manage the contracted energy output
of NPC IPP contracts
Implementing Rules and Regulations
Isabela II Electric Cooperative, Inc.
A generating plant or a group of generating plants and its associated load, which is isolated from the rest of the grid but is capable
of generating and maintaining a stable supply of electricity to the customers within the isolated area

K
KA
A
Kiloampere
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
kV
kVARh
kW
kWh
Kilovolt, or one thousand volts
Kilovolt-Ampere Reactive-hour
Kilowatt, or one thousand watts
Kilowatt-hour
L
LHC
LRMC
Load
Load Factor
Loss of Load Probability
or LOLP
Low Voltage or LV
LTI
LWAP
Luzon Hydro Corporation
Long Run Marginal Cost
An entity or an electrical equipment that consumes electrical energy
The ratio of the total energy delivered during a given period to the product of the maximum demand and the number of hours
during the same period
The expected number of days in a specified period in which the daily peak demand will exceed the available generating capacity
A voltage level not exceeding 1000 volts
Lost Time Incident
Load Weighted Average Price
M
Magat Plant
Manual
Manual Load Dropping
or MLD
MAP
MCM
MEPZ I
MEPZ II
Metering Equipment
MEZ
Momentary Average
Interruption Frequency
Index or MAIFI
MOPS
Multiple Outage
Contingency
MV
MVA
MVAR
MVARh
MW
MWh
The 360 MW Magat Hydroelectric Power Plant of SNAP - Magat located at the border of Isabela and Ifugao provinces
Manual of Corporate Governance
The process of manually and deliberately removing pre-selected loads from a power system, in response to an abnormal condition,
and in order to maintain the integrity of the system
Maximum Average Price
Under PBR, refers to million cubic meters
Mactan Export Processing Zone I
Mactan Export Processing Zone II
The apparatus necessary for measuring electrical, real and reactive power and energy, inclusive of a multi-function meter and the
necessary instrument, potential, current and phase shifting transformers and all wiring and communication devices as provided
Mactan Enerzone Corporation
The total number of momentary customer power interruptions within a given period divided by the total number of customers
served within the same period
Mean of Platts Singapore
An event caused by the failure of two or more components of the grid including generating units, transmission lines, and
transformers
Medium Voltage
Megavolt-Ampere
Megavolt-Ampere Reactive
Megavolt-Ampere Reactive-hour
Megawatt, or one million watts
Megawatt-hour

N
A
National Electriciation
Administration or NEA
National Grid
Corporation of the
Philippines or NGCP
National Power
Corporation or NPC
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
The government agency created under Presidential Decree No. 269, whose additional mandate includes preparing electric
cooperatives in operating and competing under a deregulated electricity market, strengthening their technical capability, and
enhancing their financial viability as electric utilities through improved regulatory policies
The government corporation awarded with the concession for the operation and maintenance of the transmission assets of
TRANSCO
The government corporation created under RA No. 6395, as amended, whose generation assets, real estate, and other disposable
assets, except for the assets of SPUG, and IPP contracts, shall be privatized, and whose transmission assets shall be transferred to
the Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corporation (PSALM)
National Transmission Refers to the corporation that assumed the authority and responsibility of planning, maintaining, constructing, and centrally
Corporation or TRANSCO operating the high-voltage transmission system, including the construction of grid interconnections and the provision of ancillary
services
Network Service
Provider
Under the WESM rules, a person who engages in the activity of owning, controlling, or operating a transmission or distribution
system and who is registered with the market operator in that capacity
NIA
NIPAS
NODAL
Non-Technical Loss
NWRB
National Irrigation Authority
National Integrated Protected Areas System
Node-Voltage Analysis
The component of system loss that is not related to the physical characteristics and functions of the electrical system, and is caused
primarily by human error, whether intentional, or not
National Water Resources Board
O
O&M
Open Access
Operations and Maintenance
The system of allowing any qualified person the use of transmission and/or distribution system and associated facilities subject to
the payment of transmission and/or distribution retail wheeling rates duly approved by the ERC
P
P/E
Partial System Blackout
PASUDECO
PBR
PEMC
PEPOA
Person
PFRS
Philippine Electrical
Code or PEC
Price-Earnings Ratio
The condition when a part of the grid is isolated from the rest of the grid and all generation in that part of the grid has shutdown
Pampanga Sugar Development Corporation
Performance-based rate-setting regulation
Philippine Electricity Market Corporation
Private Electric Power Operators Association
Means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, joint stock company, trust, any unincorporated organization, or a
government or political subdivision thereof
Philippine Financial Reporting Standards
The electrical safety code that establishes basic materials quality and electrical work standards for the safe use of electricity for light,
heat, power, communications, signaling, and for other purposes
Philippine Energy Plan or The overall energy program formulated and updated yearly by the DOE and submitted to Congress pursuant to RA No. 7638
PEP
Philippine Pesos or P The lawful currency of the Philippines
PHILRECA
Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association, Inc.
Power Development The indicative plan for managing electricity demand through energy-efficient programs and for the upgrading expansion,
Program or PDP rehabilitation, repair and maintenance of power generation and transmission facilities
Power Factor
Power Quality
The ratio of active power to apparent power
The quality of the voltage, including its frequency and resulting current, that are measured in the grid, distribution System, or any
user system

P
A
Power System
PPA
PSA
PSALM
PSE
PSPA
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
The integrated system of transmission, distribution network and generating plant for the supply of electricity
Power Purchase Agreement
Power Supply Agreement
Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corporation
Philippine Stock Exchange
Power Supply and Purchase Agreement
Q
QMS Quality Management System or ISO 9000:2008
Qualified Generating A generating unit tested, certified and monitored by the system operator to provide specific types of ancillary services
Unit
QUIRELCO
Quirino Electric Cooperative, Inc.
R
R&R
RA
Ramp Up Rate
Reactive Energy
Reactive Power
Reactive Power
Capability Curve
Reactive Power Support
Red Alert
Reliability
Rehabiliation and Refurbishment
Republic Act
Refers to the normal rate that a generating unit reduces its power output, expressed in MW per minute
Measured in VARh, refers to the integral of the Reactive Power with respect to time
Measured in VAR, refers to the component of electrical power representing the alternating exchange of stored energy (inductive or
capacitive) between sources and loads or between two systems
A diagram which shows the reactive power capability limit versus the real power within which a generating unit is expected to
operate under normal conditions
The injection or absorption of reactive power from generators to maintain transmission system voltages within ranges prescribed in
the Grid Code
An alert issued by the system operator when the grid contingency reserve is zero, a generation deficiency exists or there is critical
loading or imminent overloading of transmission lines or equipment
The probability that a system or component will perform a required task or mission for a specified time in a specified environment
Renewable Energy Act or Refers to RA No. 9513, otherwise known as the Renewable Energy Act of 2008
RE Law
Retail Rate
Refers to the total price paid by end-users consisting of the charges for generation, transmission and related ancillary services,
distribution, supply and other related charges for electric service
Return on Assets or ROA The ratio of net profits after taxes to average total assets
Return on Investment on The most common name given by analysts to return on assets
ROI
RMS
Root-mean-square
RORB
Return-on-rate base rate setting system
RPS
Redeemable Preferred Shares
RTD
Under the WESM rules, refers to the Ex-Ante Dispatch
RTX
Under the WESM rules, refers to the Ex-Post Dispatch
Rule Curve
A diagram showing the minimum water level requirement in the reservoir at a specific time to meet particular needs for which the
reservoir is designed
Run-of-river
Hydroelectric power plant that generates electricity from the natural flow and elevation drop of a river
hydroelectric plant

S
SAIDI
SAIFI
A
System Average Interruption Duration Index
System Average Interruption Frequency Index
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
SAPA
SBFZ
SBMA
Schedule Day
SEC
SEZ or SEZC
SFELAPCO
SGV
Sibulan Project
Single Outage
Contingency
SLUP
Small Power Utilities
Group or SPUG
SN Power
SNAP - Benguet
SNAP - Magat
SPOT
SPPC
SRC
STEAG Power
Stranded Contract Costs
of NPC or Distribution
Utility
Subsidiary
Subtransmission Assets
Special Agreement for Protected Area
Subic Bay Freeport Zone
Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority
The period from 0000H to 2400H in a day
The Securities and Exchange Commission of the Philippines
Subic Enerzone Corporation
San Fernando Electric Light and Power Co., Inc.
Sycip, Gorres, Velayo & Company
Two run-of-river hydropower generating facilities tapping the Sibulan and Baroring rivers in Sibulan, Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur
An event caused by the failure of one component of the grid including a generating unit, transmission line, or a transformer
Special Land Use Permits
Refers to the functional unit of NPC created to pursue missionary electrification function
Statkraft Norfund Power Invest AS of Norway
SN Aboitiz Power-Benguet, Inc. (formerly, SN Aboitiz Power Hydro, Inc.)
SN Aboitiz Power - Magat, Inc.
Swedish Space Corporation (Systeme Pour l'Observation de la Terre)
Southern Philippines Power Corporation
Securities Regulation Code
STEAG State Power, Inc.
Excess of the contracted cost of electricity under eligible contracts over the actual selling price of the contracted energy output of
such contracts in the market
In respect of any Person, any entity (i) over fifty percent (50%) of whose capital is owned directly by that Person; or (ii) for which
that Person may nominate or appoint a majority of the members of the board of directors or such other body performing similar
functions
Refer to the facilities related to the power delivery service below the transmission voltages and based on the functional assignment
of assets including, but not limited to step-down transformers used solely by load customers, associated switchyard/substation,
control and protective equipment, reactive compensation equipment to improve customer power factor, overhead lines, and the
land such facilities/ equipment are located
Supplier
Supply of Electricity
Sustained Interruption
Synchronized
System Loss
Refers to any person or entity authorized by the ERC to sell, broker, market or aggregate electricity to the end-users
Refers to the sale of electricity by a party other than a generator or a distributor in the franchise area of a distribution utility using
the wires of the distribution utility concerned
Any Interruption that is not classified as a momentary interruption
The state when connected generating units and/or interconnected AC Systems operate at the same frequency and where the phase
angle displacements between their voltages vary about a stable operating point
In the Grid Code, it is the Energy injected into the grid by generating plants, plus (or minus) the energy transported through grid
interconnections minus the total energy delivered to distributors and end-users; in the Distribution Code, it is the energy received
from the grid plus internally generated energy by embedded generating plants, plus (or minus) the energy transported by other
distributors minus the total energy delivered to end-users
System Operator
The party responsible for generation dispatch or the implementation of the generation dispatch schedule of the market operator,
the provision of ancillary services and operation to ensure safety, power quality, stability, reliability and security of the grid

T
A
Tapping Point
TCIC
TDD
Team Philippines
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
The point of electrical interconnection between the subtransmission line owned by the grid owner and connection assets
Taiwan Cogeneration International Corporation
Total Demand Distortion
Team Philippines Industrial Power II Corporation [formerly, Mirant (Phils.) Industrial Power II Corp.]
Technical Loss
The component of system loss that is inherent in the physical delivery of electric energy
Test and Commissioning Putting into service a system or equipment that has passed all required tests to show that the system or equipment was erected and
connected in the proper manner and can be expected to work satisfactorily
THC
THD
Therma Marine or TMI
Therma Mobile
Therma South
Therma Visayas
Tiwi - Makban
TLI
Top-up
Total System Blackout
TPI
TPVI
Transmission
Development Plan or
TDP
Transmission System or
Grid
Treasury Shares
Tsuneishi Holdings (Cebu), Inc.
Total Harmonic Distortion
Therma Marine, Inc.
Therma Mobile, Inc.
Therma South, Inc. (formerly Therma Pagbilao, Inc.)
Therma Visayas, Inc. (formerly Vesper Industrial & Development Corporation)
Tiwi - Makban Geothermal Complex, composed of eight geothermal plants and on binary plant, located in the provinces of
Batangas, Laguna and Albay
Therma Luzon, Inc.
The supply of electricity by the distributors to the customer on a continuing or regular basis to compensate for any shortfall
between the customer's total supply requirements and those met from other sources
The condition when all generation in the grid has ceased, the entire system has shutdown, and the system operator must
implement a black start to restore the grid to its normal state
Therma Power, Inc.
Therma Power - Visayas, Inc.
Refers to the program for managing the transmission system through efficient planning for the expansion, upgrading, rehabilitation,
repair and maintenance, to be formulated by DOE and implemented by the TRANSCO pursuant to EPIRA
The high voltage backbonesystem of interconnected transmission lines, substations, and related facilities, located in each of Luzon,
Visayas and Mindanao, or as may be determined by the ERC
Company shares acquired by the Company
U
UFR
Universal Charge
US$ OR USD
User
Underfrequency Relay
Refers to the charge, if any, imposed for the recovery of the stranded cost and other purposes
The lawful currency of the United States of America
A person or entity that uses the grid or distribution system and related facilities to which the Grid Code or Distribution Code applies
V
V
VA
VAR
VAT
VECO
Voltage
Voltage Control
Volts
Volt-Ampere
Volt-Ampere Reactive
Value Added Tax
Visayan Electric Company, Inc.
The electromotive force or electric potential difference between two points which causes the flow of electric current in an electric
circuit
Any actions undertaken by the system operator or user to maintain the voltage of the grid within the limits prescribed by the Grid
Code such as, but not limited to, adjustment of generator reactive output, adjustment in transformer taps or switching of capacitors
or reactors

V
A
Voltage Fluctuation
ABOITIZ POWER CORPORATION
Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms
The systematic variations of the voltage envelope or random amplitude changes where the root-mean-square value of the voltage is
between 90 percent and 110 percent of the nominal value
Voltage Instability A condition that results in grid voltages that are below the level where voltage control equipment can return them to the normal
level
Voltage Reduction The method used to temporarily decrease demand by a reduction of the system voltage
Voltage Sag A short duration voltage variation where the root-mean-square value of the voltage decreases to between 10 percent and 90
percent of the nominal value
Voltage Swell A short duration voltage variation where the root-mean-square value of the voltage increases to between 110 percent and 180
percent of the nominal value
VR
Voltage Regulation
W
W
WCIP
WESM
WESM Rules
Wh
Wheeling Charge
Wholesale Electricity
Spot Market or WESM
Watt
West Cebu Industrial Park
Wholesale Electricity Spot Market
The rules that govern the administration and operation of the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market
Watt-hour
Refers to the tariff paid for the conveyance of electric power and energy through the grid or a distribution system
The electricity market established by the DOE
X
X/R
Reactance/Resistance