Evidence-based Medicine Workbook - Simorgh Research Repository

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2. Was the measurement accurate (a) Were the subjects and investigators (outcomes assessors) kept blind to which treatment each subject was receiving What is best Where do I find the information It is ideal if both the subjects and investigators are unaware of the treatment (double blinded trial). Blinding is less critical if the outcome is objective (eg death) than if it is subjective (eg symptoms or function). The Methods section will indicate if subjects were aware of their treatment group (ie if a placebo was used), how the outcome was assessed and whether the assessors were aware of the treatment. This trial: YES NO UNCLEAR Comment: (b) Were the outcomes measured the same way for all groups What is best Where do I find the information It is important to measure outcomes in exactly the same way for both the treatment and control groups. The Methods section should describe how the outcomes are to be measured. The Results section should show actual use. This trial: YES NO UNCLEAR Comment: 3. Did the control group receive a placebo What is best To eliminate a ‘placebo effect’ in the outcomes measured, the control group should receive a placebo treatment. (This also allows blinding of the subjects.) Where do I find the information The Methods section will describe the treatment of experimental and control groups. This trial: YES NO UNCLEAR Comment: 81
B. RESULTS 1. What measure was used and how large was the treatment effect 2. Could the effect have been due to chance P-value Confidence interval (CI) CONCLUSION Internal validity: Results: 82
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Evidence-based Medicine Workbook Fi
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© BMJ Publishing Group 2003 BMJ Bo
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How to use this workbook This workb
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What is evidence-based medicine Cli
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This work has been continued though
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Almost immediately after the first
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At best, most GPs give a selective
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Continuing medical education (CME)
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Information gathering There are two
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Case study 2: dog bite A person cam
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Case study 4: painful shoulder A 68
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Participants’ own clinical questi
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EBM step 1: Formulate an answerable
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Different types of questions By far
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Example 2 Jeff, a smoker of more th
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Example 4 In browsing one of the me
Page 38 and 39: Example 2 Susan is expecting her fi
Page 40 and 41: Example 2 Mrs Smith has acute lower
Page 42 and 43: Example 2 As part of your clinic’
Page 44 and 45: Example 2 Mr Thomas, who is 58 year
Page 46 and 47: Your own questions 1. Write here th
Page 48 and 49: Types of studies The types of studi
Page 50 and 51: EBM step 2: Track down the best evi
Page 52 and 53: The parts of the question can also
Page 54 and 55: Searching tips and tactics truncati
Page 56 and 57: Type of question Intervention Other
Page 58 and 59: To search the library, enter your s
Page 60 and 61: Next, enter the type of question yo
Page 62 and 63: Your search terms Based on your ‘
Page 64 and 65: Question 2: Cochrane Library search
Page 66 and 67: Notes 59
Page 68 and 69: EBM step 3: Rapid critical appraisa
Page 70 and 71: Critical appraisal Were the groups
Page 72 and 73: Maintaining representative and comp
Page 74 and 75: Was the outcome measurement accurat
Page 76 and 77: Was a placebo used The ‘placebo e
Page 78 and 79: However, an intervention can only b
Page 80 and 81: Summary of critical appraisal of DV
Page 82 and 83: ARTICLES compressed the calf and me
Page 84 and 85: ARTICLES symptomless DVT after air
Page 86 and 87: Critical appraisal of your own tria
Page 90 and 91: Funding: This work was undertaken w
Page 92 and 93: General practice and swelling, we e
Page 94 and 95: EBM step 4: Apply the evidence When
Page 96 and 97: Is the treatment feasible in my set
Page 100 and 101: EBM step 5: Evaluate the effectiven
Page 106 and 107: Useful sources of evidence Studies
Page 108: Synopses Clinical Evidence http://w
Page 111 and 112: lsdsdsdsldsdsds Quality improvement
Page 113 and 114: lsdsdsdsldsdsds A prototype for evi
Page 115 and 116: lsdsdsdsldsdsds EBM notebook Using
Page 117 and 118: lsdsdsdsldsdsds A critical challeng
Page 119 and 120: Editorials lsdsdsdsldsdsds Because
Page 121 and 122: Education and debate lsdsdsdsldsdsd
Page 133 and 134: Clinical review lsdsdsdsldsdsds pra
Page 135 and 136: Clinical review lsdsdsdsldsdsds loo
Page 137 and 138: Index Page numbers in bold type ref
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‘confounders’ 63 critical appra
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