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WFD monitoring in EU<br />
Monitoring stations per surface water category:<br />
− Rivers 75%<br />
− Lakes 13%<br />
− Coastal waters 10%<br />
− Transitional waters 2%<br />
This Project is funded by the European Union<br />
Project implemented by Human Dynamics<br />
Consortium<br />
Number of monitoring stations<br />
Number of stations per country:<br />
− UK 12,807 stations;<br />
− Italy 8,311 stations<br />
− Germany 6,688 stations<br />
Density of stations per 1,000 km2:<br />
− UK 52 stations<br />
− Ireland 44 stations<br />
− Sweden 5 stations<br />
This Project is funded by the European Union<br />
Project implemented by Human Dynamics<br />
Consortium<br />
This Project is funded by the European Union<br />
Use of models<br />
Comprehensive models require big amounts of<br />
good quality data (scrap in – scrap out);<br />
Models can assist in designing programmes of<br />
measures:<br />
− source appointment (urban discharges of diffused<br />
agricultural pollution);<br />
− change in concentration of nutrients in rivers due<br />
improved waste water treatment;<br />
Modelling cannot replace monitoring of biological<br />
quality elements<br />
Project implemented by Human Dynamics<br />
Consortium<br />
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