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International Journal of Environmental Sciences Unagwu et. al., Vol.1 No.2 ISSN: 2277-1948 B3 9.84 12.43 16.51 21.57 27.57 61.5 B4 10.21 13.40 17.86 24.49 33.69 73.1 F-LSD (0.05) 1.461 1.789 1.750 2.812 2.318 8.91 T1:200Kg/ha NPK + 6t/ha Poultry Manure; T2: 300Kg/ha NPK + 4t/ha PM; T3 400Kg/ha NPK + 2t/ha PM; T4: 400Kg/ha NPK only. T5: 8t/ha PM only; T6: control. B1: pH 5.5; B2: pH 6.0; B3: pH 6.5; B4 pH 7.0 Although T1 (200Kg/ha NPK + 6t/ha Poultry Manure) to T5 (8t/ha PM only) were statistically the same, they were significant higher than T6 (control) except T1 in the order: T3 (400Kg/ha NPK + 2t/ha PM) > T4 (400Kg/ha NPK only) > T2 (300Kg/ha NPK + 4t/ha PM) > T5 (8t/ha PM only) > T1 (200Kg/ha NPK + 6t/ha PM) > T6 (control) by 15.43%, 14.12%, 13.75%, 12.25%, 6.52% respectively as shown in table 2. Similar trends were obtained at 8 th week, except that T1 had the highest value. This shows that fertilizer combination gives better performance than sole application of inorganic fertilizer (NPK) or poultry manure. This is in line with findings of Ayoola and Makinde (2007). They observed that the highest values of 7.20 and 7.90 t ha -1 were obtained from plots treated with complementary inorganic and organic fertilizers. Throughout the growth stage, unlike fertilizer combination application, lime application at different soil pH levels had significant (p >0.05) effect on the plant height. This is shown in figure 1. Plant height in soils with pH 6.0 and 6.5 were the same except at 6 th week where plant height in pH 6.5 soil was 10.8% over that in pH 6.0 soil. Plant heights in soil of pH5.5 were significantly higher than soils of pH 6.0 by 19.3%, 29.1%, 16.88%, 22.2% and 27.4% at respective weeks except at 8 th week. Figure: 1. Main Effect of pH Levels on Plant Height in Greenhouse Trial Although soil of pH 7.0 gave higher value than soil of pH5.5, they were statistically the same except at tasselling stage while the plant height in the soil of pH 7.0 was significantly different from soil of pH5.5 by 16.8%. Soil of pH 7.0 was significantly different from soil of pH6.0 throughout the growth period and that of pH6.5 from the 5 th week of growth. This result is in line with the findings of Oluwatoyinbo et.al, (2005) that Plant height was significantly (p = 0.05) increased by the application of all rates of lime and P applied either singly or in combination both in the greenhouse and field studies. The results obtained in the field at 4 th and 8 th week of growth corroborated with the greenhouse trial as shown in table 4. At 4 th and 8 th week, T6 (control) had the lowest plant height value while T5 (8t/ha PM) and T1 (200Kg/ha NPK + 6t/ha PM) gave the highest value respectively. Soil at different pH levels had significant effect on the plant height. Though soils of pH 5.5, pH6.0 and pH 6.5 were not significant at 4 th and 8 th week, soil of pH 6.0 gave the least value. Soils of pH 7.0 were significant over pH 5.5, pH 6.0 and pH6.5 by 18%, 22.5%, and 21% respectively at 4 th week and by 22.5%, 30%, and 23.5% respectively at 8 th week. This is clearly shown in figure 1. Series1 = pH5.5, Series2 = pH6, Series3 = pH6.5, Series 4 = pH7.0, Wks = weeks Online version is available at: www.crdeep.org 130
International Journal of Environmental Sciences Unagwu et. al., Vol.1 No.2 ISSN: 2277-1948 Leaf Area Index (LAI) Fertilizer application had no significant effect on the LAI except at tasselling stage (8 th week), where T6 (control) was significantly lower than all other treatment application in the order: T2 > T1 > T4 >T5 > T3 by 51.8%, 49.5%, 46.1%, 40.8% and 37.4% respectively as shown in table 6. Treatment (T6) gave the least LAI value throughout greenhouse trial. Soil at different pH levels was significant only at 4 th and 8 th week. Table:6 Main Effects of Treatment Combinations on Leaf Area Index from Greenhouse Trial Treatment combination 2 wks 3 wks 4 wks 5 wks 6 wks 8wks Fertilizer T1 0.1522 0.284 0.495 0.660 0.656 1.066 T2 0.1312 0.261 0.492 0.560 0.594 1.082 T3 0.1365 0.300 0.519 0.607 0.627 0.980 T4 0.1700 0.270 0.418 0.555 0.585 1.042 T5 0.1658 0.342 0.450 0.647 0.667 1.004 T6 0.1221 0.205 0.367 0.466 0.466 0.713 F-LSD (0.05) NS NS NS NS NS 0.1833* pH(Lime) B1 0.1438 0.309 0.518 0.615 0.638 0.912 B2 0.1254 0.231 0.377 0.552 0.552 0.930 B3 0.1568 0.261 0.443 0.577 0.577 0.982 B4 0.1591 0.306 0.489 0.630 0.630 1.101 F-LSD (0.05) NS NS 0.0909* NS NS 0.1497* T1:200Kg/ha NPK + 6t/ha Poultry Manure; T2: 300Kg/ha NPK + 4t/ha PM; WKS: weeks T3 400Kg/ha NPK + 2t/ha PM; T4: 400Kg/ha NPK only. T5: 8t/ha PM only; T6: control. B1: pH 5.5; B2: pH 6.0; B3: pH 6.5; B4 pH 7.0 At tasselling stage, soils with pH 5.5, pH 6.0 and pH6.5 were not significant though soil with pH 6.5 had higher LAI value than those of pH 5.5 and pH 6.0. pH 7.0 soil was significant (p >0.05) over pH 5.5 and pH6.0 except for pH 6.5 at the tasselling stage. However, for the field trial, fertilizer application had significant effect on the LAI at 4 th and 8 th week. Also liming at different pH levels had significant effect on LAI only at 4 th week. Soil at pH 7.0 gave the highest LAI value while soil at pH 6.0 had the least value. Number of Tasselling In field trial, the tasselling number of maize was significantly affected by fertilizer application as shown in table 7. Table: 7 Main Effects of treatment combinations on plant height (PHT), leaf area index (LAI) leaf number (LN); number of tasselling (NTS) in the field trial. Treatment combination 4WKS. PHT 8WKS. PHT 4WK LAI 8WKS LAI 4WKS LN 8WKS LN 8WK NTS Fertilizer T1 16.65 127.7 0.649 2.829 21.75 45.58 1.75 T2 16.57 123.3 0.645 2.538 21.92 44.08 2.00 T3 16.72 119.7 0.594 3.108 21.67 48.08 1.42 T4 14.59 107.8 0.542 2.657 20.83 45.00 1.42 T5 17.93 115.3 0.718 2.474 22.50 42.75 1.92 T6 12.33 49.6 0.329 1.530 19.83 37.00 0.17 Online version is available at: www.crdeep.org 131
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