Curtis Utz, Assault from the Sea, The Amphibious Landing, Naval ...

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Secretary of the Navy’s Advisory Committee on Naval History William D. Wilkinson, Chairman CAPT Edward L. Beach, USN (Retired) David R. Bender John C. Dann RADM Russell W. Gorman, USNR (Retired) Richard L. Joutras VADM William P. Lawrence, USN (Retired) Vera D. Mann Ambassador J. William Middendorf II VADM Gerald E. Miller, USN (Retired) Clark G. Reynolds Betty M. Unterberger Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Utz, Curtis A., 1962- Assault from the sea : the amphibious landing at Inchon I by Curtis A. Utz. cm. - (The U.S. Navy in the modern world series ; no. 2) I&N 0-945274-27-O 1. Korean War, 1950-1953-Campaigns-Korea (South)--Inchon. 2. Korean War, 1950-1953-Amphibious operations. 3. United States. Navy-History-20th century. 4. Inchon (Korea&History, Military. I. Title. II. Series. DS918.2.15U89 1994 951.904\2-dc20 94-34662 WA The paper used in this publication meets the requirements for permanence cstablished by the American National Standard for Information Sciences “Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials” (ANSI 239.18-1954). For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402.9328
Foreword This is the second study in the Naval Historical Center’s monograph series, entitled “The U.S. Navy in the Modern World.” The purpose of the series is to bring to the attention of today’s naval personnel and other readers the contributions of the naval service to the nation, in war and peace, since 1945. During the Cold War, the Navy helped resist Communist aggression, deter nuclear and conventional attack on the United States, protect American trade at sea and ashore, strengthen regional alliances and foster the growth of democratic and free market institutions worldwide. The strength and overseas presence of the U.S. fleet often resolved crises without the use of force. But when force was necessary, the Navy fought hard and well. In light of the Navy’s current emphasis on littoral operations, I believe that Assault from the Sea: The Amphibious Landing at Inchon, by Curtis A. Utz of our Contemporary History Branch, is an appropriate title for the series’ second work. His monograph demonstrates how the Navy’s veteran leadership, flexible organization, versatile ships and aircraft and great mobility gave the theater commander, General of the Army Douglas A. MacArthur, the ability to launch a devastating offensive against the North Korean invaders of South Korea. In addition to the efforts of Mr. Utz, many others were involved in the production of this work. This project was skillfully supervised by Dr. Edward J. Marolda, who heads the Contemporary History Branch. As always, Dr. William S. Dudley, the center’s Senior Historian, provided invaluable advice. I also wish to thank Professor Roger Dingman of the University of Southern California, a distinguished authority on the Korean War; and Brigadier General Edwin H. Simmons, USMC (Ret.), Director of Marine Corps History and Museums and an Inchon veteran, for their helpful comments and observations. The views expressed are those of Mr. Utz alone and not those of the Department of the Navy or any other agency of the U.S. government. Dean C. Allard Director of Naval History
Page 3: Assault from the Sea The Amphibious
Page 7 and 8: On 13 September 1950, Struble’s f
Page 9 and 10: A map of Korea, 1952. The 38th para
Page 11 and 12: President Harry S. Truman. He imple
Page 13 and 14: States would fight to defend Japan,
Page 15 and 16: Nor vasio and arly on the morning o
Page 17 and 18: Smoke billows skyward as Valley For
Page 19 and 20: Army divisions up to battle strengt
Page 21 and 22: Counterstroke MacArthur, the vetera
Page 23 and 24: marized the details of the assault:
Page 25 and 26: The “Blackbeard of Yonghung Do”
Page 27 and 28: Navy Art Collection “Scratch One,
Page 29 and 30: came on board with his entourage, w
Page 31 and 32: was to stimulate the enemy guns in
Page 33 and 34: ing Force” ust after midnight on
Page 35 and 36: N‘ow began the long, eight-hour w
Page 37 and 38: major casualty. With no time to los
Page 39 and 40: fuel and vehicles, ensuring that th
Page 41 and 42: The Vital LST The Tank Landing Ship
Page 43 and 44: ings, grew concerned when the LVT i
Page 45 and 46: Over-the-Beach Logistics The succes
Page 47 and 48: of Communist atrocities, for the re
Page 49 and 50: Skyraiders bombarded Communist forc
Page 51 and 52: As these actions took place, as pla
Page 53 and 54: Conclusion he amphibious assault at
Page 55 and 56:
Acknowledgements The author would l
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