Liver Fluke in Cattle - Cheviot Futures

XLVets Liver Fluke in Cattle
Liver Fluke
Life Cycle
Liver Fluke (Fasciola hepatica) is a
flat, leaf-like (3.5cm) parasite found
in the liver of grazing animals. Eggs
from adult female fluke pass in the
dung to contaminate pasture.
When conditions are suitable - damp
and warm (above 10 o c) - the eggs
hatch to form mobile larvae that seek
out mud snails to complete their life
cycle.
The presence of the amphibious mud
snails determines the distribution of
fluke. So the highest risk grazing are
wet areas and around pools of water.
The larvae multiply in the snails and
emerge to attach to the grass as cysts.
The grazing animal ingests the cyst
where it breaks out as an immature
fluke to make its way to the liver.
The fluke tunnel through the liver and if
conditions favour, then a mass hatch
and infection can cause severe and
permanent damage.
The adult fluke live in the bile ducts of
the liver where they feed on blood. This
can amount to half a millilitre per adult
fluke per day explaining the anaemia
exhibited by infected animals.
Parasitic Diseases
DIAGNOSIS
Fluke diagnosis is not straight
forward and needs careful
interpretation, so speak to your
vet.
Fluke egg counts from faecal
samples indicate infection but
egg production is sporadic.
Blood sampling a random group
(young homebred stock would be
a good indicator) can reveal the
evidence of fluke infection.
Post mortem/slaughterhouse
feedback provides a direct
report of fluke level in
condemned livers. Many more
abattoirs are doing this now.
PD
TREATMENT
Treatment is very effective but
needs to be targeted to the fluke
season and to recognise the
variable efficacy of product for the
different stages of fluke (early
immature, immature and adult).
Also the milk withhold must be considered
and often means treatment
is targeted in the dry period. Fluke
treatments come as drenches and
injections and are also available in
combination with wormers. The
recognition of fluke and a strategic
approach to treatment should be a
component of herd health plan
reviews. A little investment in
health will go a long way to
alleviating the production loss.
For further information contact your local XLVets practice:
XLVets Committed to UK farming. Go to www.xlvets.co.uk