A School Teachers Guidebook to Marine Environmental Education ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

SCHOOLTEACHER’S GUIDE TO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION Human activities and the lunar cycle Spring tides (largest tidal range) occur when the earth, moon and sun are all in line, during the full and new moon. Neap tides (smallest tidal range) occur when the earth-moon line is perpendicular to the earth-sun line, during half moon. The spring tidal range along the coasts of eastern Africa, Comoros, Mayotte and west Madagascar is about 3.5 metres while the neap tidal range is about 1.5 metres. The smaller remaining islands of the western Indian Ocean (Seychelles, Mauritius and Reunion), by contrast, have spring tidal ranges of only about 1.5 metres. 12
OCEANS AND SEAS Currents These are the circular flows of water in the oceans. Currents are caused by two principal factors: changes in water density (caused by climate changes) and wind stress. Due to the rotation of the earth, the currents move both from and towards the equator. Those currents from the equator are warm while those from the North and South Poles are cold. The major currents in the western Indian Ocean (WIO) region are the East African Coastal Current, Mozambique Current, Agulhas Current, Madagascar Current, Somali Current, South Equatorial Current and Equatorial Counter Current. Waves Waves are the most obvious processes on the ocean surface. Waves are the movement of energy through the top layer of water, caused by winds. Currents and turbulence generated by waves stir up sediments, which can be transported by long-shore currents. Beach waves change seasonally in response to changes in overall wind direction. Major currents of the western Indian Ocean region 13
Page 1 and 2: A SCHOOLTEACHER’S GUIDE TO MARINE
Page 3 and 4: A SCHOOLTEACHER’S GUIDE TO MARINE
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS Acknowledgement Foreword v
Page 7 and 8: FOREWORD The eastern African region
Page 9 and 10: INTRODUCTION The need to incorporat
Page 11 and 12: ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY 1 ENVIRONME
Page 13 and 14: ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY c) All cons
Page 15 and 16: ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY TEACHING AN
Page 17 and 18: OCEANS AND SEAS Reunion, Mauritius,
Page 19: OCEANS AND SEAS Ocean topography Th
Page 23 and 24: OCEANS AND SEAS Some common fishes
Page 25 and 26: OCEANS AND SEAS Minerals Salt is on
Page 27 and 28: THE SEASHORE 3 THE SEASHORE INTRODU
Page 29 and 30: THE SEASHORE Shorelines are both ec
Page 31 and 32: MANGROVES 4 MANGROVE FORESTS INTROD
Page 33 and 34: MANGROVES Mangrove forests also act
Page 35 and 36: CORAL REEFS 5 CORAL REEFS INTRODUCT
Page 37 and 38: CORAL REEFS Aerial view of the main
Page 39 and 40: CORAL REEFS A coral reef food web E
Page 41 and 42: COASTAL POLLUTION 6 COASTAL POLLUTI
Page 43 and 44: COASTAL POLLUTION TEACHING AND LEAR
Page 45 and 46: COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT may inc
Page 47 and 48: Role simulation COASTAL RESOURCE MA

A School Teachers Guidebook to Marine Environmental Education ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?