SNYC, SNCC, Black Student Activism and the Making of the ...

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Young: Student Radicals and America’s First Mass Student Movement, 1929-1941 (New York: Oxford Univ
Press, 1993); Michael Denning, The Cultural Front: The Laboring of American Culture in the Twentieth
Century (London: Verso, 1996), 352-4, 358.
25 Richards, The Southern Negro Youth Congress,” p. 81.
26 On the Nora Wilson case, see Richards, “The Southern Negro Youth Congress,” pp. 81-84.
27 Telegram from Louis E. Burnham to Attorney General Tom Clark, Washington, D.C., dated April 30, 1948
(?), SNYC Papers (HU), Box ?; Folder ?.
28 “Federal Inaction Challenged,” The Student Voice 5:22 (September 23, 1964), 3.
29 Find resolutions adopted at the 1948 Birmingham convention.
30 Find 1947 press release.
31 Edward K. Weaver, “The Tasks of Our Generation,” The Southern Negro Youth Congress Souvenir
Journal; Southern Youth Legislature (Birmingham, Alabama, April 30, May 1, 2, 1948), p. 4?. Locate Box
and Folder.
32 Alain Locke cited in Diane McWhorter, Carry Me Home: Birmingham, Alabama: The Climactic Battle of
the Civil Rights Revolution (New York: Simon & Shuster, 2001), p. 59.
33 For example, see Clayburne Carson, In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s (Cambridge:
Harvard Univ. Press, 1981); Cheryl Greenberg, A Circle of Trust: Remembering SNCC (New Brunswick:
Rutgers Univ. Press, 1998); Wesley Hogan, Many Minds, One Heart: SNNCC’s Dream for a New America
(Chapel Hill, UNC Press, 2007); Faith S. Holseart, et.al., eds, Hands on the Freedom Plow: Personal
Accounts by Women in SNCC (Urbana: Univ. Illinois Press, 2010); Stayed on Freedom: Reflections on SNCC
at 50 (Swarthmore College, 2011)
34 This is an impressionistic assessment based on an unsystematic survey of a number of SNCC veterans.
35 Carson, In Struggle; Greenberg, A Circle of Trust; Hogan, Many Minds, One Heart; Holseart, Hands on the
Freedom Plow; Stayed on Freedom.
36 Ransby, Ella Baker, 82-91; Joanne Grant, Ella Baker: Freedom Bound (New York: Jon Wiley & Sons), 30-
36.
37 Howard Zinn, SNCC: The New Abolitionists (Boston: Beacon Press, 1964), 1, 6.
38 Ibid., 7.
39 Ibid., 270, 271.
40 W.E.B. Du Bois, Black Reconstruction in America 1860-1880 (New York, Atheneum, 1970, originally
published in 1935), 727.
41 Carson, In Struggle; Greenberg, A Circle of Trust; Hogan, Many Minds, One Heart; Holseart, Hands on the
Freedom Plow; Stayed on Freedom.
42 Zinn, SNCC.
43 Interview with Julian Bond, ? find date; Julian Bond, Foreword, Freedomways Reader, xvii; Greenberg, A
Circle of Trust, 18.
44 David Levering Lewis, Afterword, Freedomways Reader, 382; Jacqueline Hall, “The Long Civil Rights
Movement and the Political Uses of the Past,” Journal of American History 91:4 (2005), 1233-1263.
45 Robin D.G. Kelley, Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists During the Great Depression (Chapel Hill:
UNC Press, 1990).
46 Diane McWhorter, Carry Me Home: Birmingham, Alabama—The Climactic Battle of the Civil Rights
Revolution (New York: Simon & Shuster, 20010, p. 78.
47 Gellman, Death Blow to Jim Crow, 2.
48 Angela Davis, “James and Esther Jackson: Connecting the Past to the Present,” in Lewis, et.al., eds, Red
Activists and Black Freedom, pp. 102-103.