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Abstract Analysis of Dynamical Complex Network of Ecological Stability Diversity and Persistence Abhirup Bandyopadhyay 1 and Samarjit Kar 1 1 Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India Explorations of ecological networks have led a long line of scientists to debate the influence of diversity (number of nodes) in terms of species richness and complexity in terms of the number and structure of interactions. This research on how vast numbers of interacting species manage to coexist in nature reveals a deep disparity between the ubiquity of complex ecosystems in nature and their mathematical improbability in theory. In this paper ecological networks are assumed to be complex dynamical network. Population dynamics is simulated over ecological complex network and species migration and changing food habits are found to be two keystones to species persistence on the earth. Also a comparative study on stability, complexity and persistence over complex dynamical network is shown. Here, we show how integrating models of food-web structure and nonlinear bioenergetic dynamics bridges this disparity and helps elucidate the mechanics of ecological complexity. Structural constraints of these networks including the trophic hierarchy, contiguity, and looping formalized by the “niche model” are shown to greatly increase persistence in complex model ecosystems. We explore the interplay of structure and nonlinear dynamics by systematically varying diversity, complexity, and function in order to “elucidate the devious strategies which make for stability in enduring natural systems.” ([19]). Our exploration expands on previously proposed strategies and shows how recently discovered structural and functional properties of ecological networks appear to promote stability and persistence in large complex ecosystems. References [1] J.E. Cohen, F. Briand, and C.M. Newman, (1990). Community food webs: data and theory. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. [2] A.R. Solow, and A.R. Beet, (1998). On lumping species in food webs. Ecology. 79, 2013-2018. [3] R.J. Williams, and N.D. Martinez, (2000). Simple rules yield complex food webs. Nature. 404, 180-183. [4] P. Yodzis, and S. Innes, (1992). Body-size and consumer-resource dynamics. American Naturalist. 139, 1151-1173. [5] K. McCann, and P. Yodzis, (1995). Biological conditions for chaos in a three species food chain. Ecology. 75, 561-564. [6] K. McCann, and A. Hastings, (1997). Re-evaluating the omnivory-stability relationship in food webs. Proc R Soc Lond. B. 264, 1249-1254. [7] K. McCann, A. Hastings, and G.R. Huxel, (1998). Weak trophic interactions and the balance of nature. Nature. 395, 794-798. [8] G.F. Fussman, and G. Heber, (2002). Food web complexity and chaotic population dynamics. Ecology Letters. 5, 394-401. [9] C.S. Holling, (1959b). Some characteristics of simple types of predation and parasitism. Can. Entom. 91, 385-399. Page 22
[10] D.L. DeAngelis, R.A. Goldstein,and R.V. O’Neill, (1975). A model for trophic interaction. Ecol- ogy. 56, 881-892. [11] G.T. Skalski, and J.F. Gilliam, (2001). Functional responses with predator interference: viable alternatives to the Holling type II model. Ecology. 82, 3083- 3092. [12] L.A. Real, (1977). The kinetics of functional response. American Naturalist. 111, 289-300. [13] L.A. Real, (1978). Ecological determinants of functional response. Ecology. 60, 481-485. [14] C.S. Holling, (1959a). The components of predation as revealed by a study of small-mammal predation of the European pine sawfly. Can. Entom. 91, 293-320. [15] D.M. Post, M.E. Conners, and D.S. Goldberg, (2000). Prey preference by a top predator and the stability of linked food chains. Ecology. 81, 8-14. 1-131. [16] W.W. Murdoch, and A. Oaten, (1975). Predation and population stability. Adv. Ecol. Res. 9, [17] M.P. Hassell, (1978). The dynamics of arthropod predator-prey systems. Princeton University Press, Princeton. [18] R.J. Williams, and N.D. Martinez, (2004b). Stabilization of chaotic and nonpermanent food web dynamics. European Physics Journal B. ton. Page 23 [19] R.M. May, (1973). Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems. Princeton Univ Press, Prince
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS P a g e | i Shado
Page 5 and 6: P a g e | iii Sturm Liouville Probl
Page 7 and 8: P a g e | v Real Time 3D Palmprint
Page 9 and 10: ��
Page 11 and 12: Abstract On the Classifications of
Page 13 and 14: A Note on the Numerical Solution of
Page 15 and 16: Abstract A Third-Order of Accuracy
Page 17 and 18: Boundary Value Problem for a Third
Page 19 and 20: [18] S. G. Krein, Linear Differenti
Page 21 and 22: Positivity of Two-dimensional Ellip
Page 23 and 24: On the Numerical Solution of Ultra
Page 25 and 26: Abstract Optimal Control Problem fo
Page 27 and 28: On Stability Of Hyperbolic- Ellipti
Page 29: Abstract FUZZY CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL
Page 33 and 34: Bright and dark soliton solutions f
Page 35 and 36: [22] H., Triki, A.M.,Wazwaz, Bright
Page 37 and 38: [5] Khadjiev Dj., Çavu¸s A., Four
Page 39 and 40: Paths of Minimal Length on Suborbit
Page 41 and 42: On A SUBCLASS OF UNIVALENT FUNCTION
Page 43 and 44: Approximation by Certain Linear Pos
Page 45 and 46: PARABOLIC PROBLEMS WITH PARAMETER O
Page 47 and 48: On the Numerical Solution of a Diff
Page 49 and 50: [3] Y. Ma, and Y. Ge, Applied Mathe
Page 51 and 52: A Fuzzy Approach to Multi Objective
Page 53 and 54: Derivation and numerical study of r
Page 55 and 56: [11] G.A. Baker, P. Graves-Morris,
Page 57 and 58: Three Models based Fusion Approach
Page 59 and 60: The normal inverse Gaussian distrib
Page 61 and 62: Compact and Fredholm Operators on M
Page 63 and 64: Abstract Extended Eigenvalues of Di
Page 65 and 66: A New General Inequality for double
Page 67 and 68: Exact Solutions of the Schrödinger
Page 69 and 70: [9] Titeux I., Yakubov Y., Complete
Page 71 and 72: Positivity of Elliptic Difference O
Page 73 and 74: Transient and Cycle Structure of El
Page 75 and 76: Abstract Characterizations of Slant
Page 77 and 78: Page 69 [20] Struik, D. J., Differe
Page 79 and 80: Applied Mathematics Analysis of the
Page 81 and 82:
Multibody Railway Vehicle Dynamics
Page 83 and 84:
Existence of Global Solutions for a
Page 85 and 86:
On the stability of the steady-stat
Page 87 and 88:
On the Numerical Solution of Diffus
Page 89 and 90:
Using expanding method of (G ′ /G
Page 91 and 92:
Weighted Bernstein Inequality for T
Page 93 and 94:
Abstract An Application on Suborbit
Page 95 and 96:
On The First Fundamental Theorem fo
Page 97 and 98:
Abstract Almost Convergence and Gen
Page 99 and 100:
Forecast results in contrast with o
Page 101 and 102:
Page 93 [15] M. El-Shahed, A. Salem
Page 103 and 104:
yields a system of equations which
Page 105 and 106:
Abstract Application of the Trial E
Page 107 and 108:
Oscillation Theorems for Second-Ord
Page 109 and 110:
Abstract On Hadamard Type Integral
Page 111 and 112:
A geometrical approach of an optima
Page 113 and 114:
A Perturbation Solution Procedure f
Page 115 and 116:
Solution of Differential Equations
Page 117 and 118:
Aproximation Properties of a Genera
Page 119 and 120:
Blow up of a solution for a system
Page 121 and 122:
A Note on Some Elementary Geometric
Page 123 and 124:
Abstract Solving Crossmatching Puzz
Page 125 and 126:
Polygonal Approximation of Digital
Page 127 and 128:
Panoramic Image Mosaicing Using Mul
Page 129 and 130:
[9] Naimark, M. A. Linear Differant
Page 131 and 132:
Abstract Chaos in cubic-quintic non
Page 133 and 134:
Semismooth Newton method for gradie
Page 135 and 136:
Multiple solutions for quasilinear
Page 137 and 138:
The Modified Bi-quintic B-spline ba
Page 139 and 140:
The Modified Kudryashov Method for
Page 141 and 142:
Study of an inverse problem that mo
Page 143 and 144:
Abstract Finding Global minima with
Page 145 and 146:
PARAMETER DEPENDENT NOVIER-STOKES L
Page 147 and 148:
7. D. J. Fyfe, The use of cubic spl
Page 149 and 150:
Page 141 An error correction method
Page 151 and 152:
Classification of exact solutions f
Page 153 and 154:
Abstract Numerical Solution of a Hy
Page 155 and 156:
generalized hyperbolic tangent func
Page 157 and 158:
EQUIVALENCE OF AFFINE CURVES Yasemi
Page 159 and 160:
Modified trial equation method for
Page 161 and 162:
Normal Extensions of a Singular Dif
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