Understanding and measuring womens economic ... - ICRW

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8Understanding and Measuring Women’s Economic EmpowermentPower and Agency IndicatorsControl overassetsAgency/Decision-makingAutonomy andMobilitySelf-confidence/Self-efficacyIndividual/Household LevelWomen’s ownership of productive assets(land, animals, machinery)Women have their own source of incomeShare of household income provided by womenWomen have control over how to spend some cashor savingsProportion of women’s income spent on herselfand childrenWomen’s involvement in major household decisions,i.e. large purchases (car, house, household appliance),agricultural decisionsWomen’s access to information and technologyWomen’s ability to visit friends, family, associatesWomen’s ability to use public transportation/travel freelyin public spacesWomen’s use of media, phone, technologyPsychological wellbeingAttitudes on own self-esteemArticulateness and confidence in speakingwith authoritiesCommunity/Institution LevelLaws that protect women’s property rightsExisting laws are enforced at the community levelWomen represented as owners of larger businesses andin business leadershipUse of community resources in ways that benefit women(pumps, clinics, schools, etc.)Women’s participation in community groups/associations/networksWomen’s involvement in community decision-makingWomen have leadership roles in the communityRates of abuse, assault, harassment against women inpublic spacesCommunity valuing of women’s entitlement and inclusionGender Norms Ability to negotiate sexual and reproductive decisions Shifts in marriage and kinship systemsGender Roles/ResponsibilitiesAttitudes on women and workAttitudes on women and mobilityAttitudes on women and violenceNumber of hours spent in houseworkGender segregation of male and female work, ability toenter profitable jobsEquity of domestic duty loadCommunity acceptance of women workingCommunity attitudes on women’s sexual andreproductive roles women and workCommunity attitudes on women and violenceSex-disaggregated employment rates by sectorCommunity attitudes on what work women should do
Definition, Framework and Indicators 9Economic Advancement IndicatorsProductivityand SkillsBusinessPracticeIncomeConsumptionsmoothing/riskWorkenvironmentIndividual/Household LevelIndividual educational attainmentBusiness and work skillsAccess to productive tools and technologiesAccess to markets (as buyers and sellers)Access to jobsKeeps recordsSeparates personal and business expensesDiversity of product lineMarketing – takes advantage of market opportunities; isnot dependent on one or irregular buyers or suppliersInvests in businessLevels of income and revenueEarnings, profitsHas individual and household savingsHas a safe place to saveHas savings, insurance, or liquid assetsDoes not experience seasonal hungerDid not sell productive assetsWork site is safely accessible for womenWork site has separate toilet facility for womenWork hours, conditions, and remuneration meet internationallabor standardsCommunity/Institution LevelEducation available to and attained by girls and womenAdult learning opportunities availableFree entry to markets for buyers and sellersAccess to new technologiesEmployment practicesBarriers to entry to key jobs and marketsWorkplace policiesEarnings/growth at a firm or sector levelWomen as share of certain jobsCommunity resources and what percent are spenton womenCommunity has safe places to saveFormal or informal social safety netsLabor laws exist and are enforcedWage inequalityProsperity Individual and family wealth Economic status of women in communityHousing, property, assetsBetter health and nutritionWomen’s share of assets, business ownershipHealth and nutrition indices
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Understanding and measuring womens economic ... - ICRW

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