MAWARI - Fluoride Project - MaWaRi.net

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An assessment of the existing data/information atlocally & at the international level (3m: Sept. – Nov,05)In this study, an extensive list of treatment options(industrial scale or currently under investigation) has beencompiled and evaluated.- Emphasis was placed on the natural materials and by-products of industrial activities, which may be readilyobtained, employed and disposed of safely.- The study also refined and proposed the types of factorsthat need to be taken into account in deciding on a methodto use for defluoridation for household and smallcommunities scales.____________________________________________________________________Fluoride Origin, Genesis, Distribution and Defluoridation Project - Fluoride Research Team38
Evaluation Results of the AvailableDefluoridationMethods- Chemical precipitation as fluoroapatite may also be a usefulapproach.- Among the several sorbents evaluated, natural clays and relatedminerals are also found to be promising.- Activated alumina, co-precipitation with aluminium sulphate(known asNalgonda Technique), and sorption to bone char -practicedmethod for removing fluoride in developingcountries.- Main disadvantages - these methods require daily maintenance.Furthermore, removal efficiency of the Nalgonda Technique islimited while activated alumina has to be imported and thereforeis more expensive.____________________________________________________________________Fluoride Origin, Genesis, Distribution and Defluoridation Project - Fluoride Research Team39
Page 1 and 2: MAWARI - Fluoride ProjectProgress R
Page 3 and 4: IntroductionFluorine•Latin "fluof
Page 5: Global SenarioMore than 100 million
Page 9 and 10: Structure of the Fluoride ProjectTh
Page 11 and 12: Personnel involved in the projectOr
Page 14 and 15: 2.1 Scheduled Activities for the1st
Page 16 and 17: 2.2.1 Local Literature Survey -Done
Page 18 and 19: Hydrogeology / HydrologyMain aquife
Page 20 and 21: AFAR DEPRESSION• Dominated bybasa
Page 22: NW-SE Geological Section of the Alu
Page 25 and 26: Water Types of the Ethiopian RiftHi
Page 27 and 28: ___________________________________
Page 29 and 30: F. Evaporation• Evaporation - maj
Page 31 and 32: The State of Fluorite SaturationAlu
Page 33 and 34: 2.2.2 International Literature surv
Page 35 and 36: 2.3. Data collection and compilatio
Page 37: 3. Development of DefluoridationTec
Page 41 and 42: 3.1.2 An assessment / Preparation /
Page 43 and 44: Defluoridation Sub-project - Schedu
Page 45 and 46: 5. Training ActivitiesPh. D. LevelO
Page 47 and 48: 6. Conclusions and Recommendations
Page 49: ___________________________________

MAWARI - Fluoride Project - MaWaRi.net

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