Pakistan Energy 2035-FINAL 20th October 2014

Pakistan Energy Vision - 2035high concentration of methane required in biogas buses. Thus, this increased amount ofwaste shouldn’t be wasted and utilize to reduce the dependence on oil.2. In addition to this, the usage of petroleum products in transport can be reduced throughmodernization of railway system and shift both passenger and cargo trains from diesel toelectricity, as practiced in India. It is estimated that around 1000MW of electricity would berequired in modernizing the whole railway track which if implemented would play apivotal role in reducing the burden of import component in circular debt.3. In case of power, concerted efforts should be done to enhance the electricity generationthrough other low cost sources with hydropower as prime priority,(others include solar,wind, biomass, bagasse cogeneration, power generation through low Btu, nuclear and coal)thus reducing the dependence on oil and shifting to cost effective options.ElectricityIn long term in order to manage the demand side issues in electricity following measuresshould be taken:1. The houses should be designed in a way to minimize the usage of electricity at-least duringday time.2. The industries should also be designed in a way to maximize the usage of day light andreduce the electricity consumption at-least during day time. In addition to this there shouldbe annual energy audits of all industries to avoid the wastage of electricity.3. The street lights in long term should be converted to LEDs to minimize the electricityconsumption.Coal1. In long term, there is a need to explore the coal resources in Baluchistan, Punjab, KPK andAJK having heating value around 9000 Btu/LB -15000Btu/LB which is greater than theheating value of Thar coal resources i.e. 5000-13000Btu/LB.(See Annex A)2. In addition to this, new options should be explored for power generation using coal. In thisregard, Coal Water Slurry (CWS) is quite cost effective option and its retrofitting cost incase of coal conversion of thermal power plants is comparatively less than othertechnologies. Moreover, it is also suitable for using low quality Thar coal having greatermoisture content (16%) as compared to other coal resources in Pakistan. Therefore, thisnew technology needs to scrutinized with due diligence.11 | P a g e