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22 The Armenian Reporter | June 21, 2008Editorialthe armenianreporterAn inquiry is launchedArmenia’s National Assembly has established an ad hoc commission to investigate the tragicevents of March 1 in Yerevan. The establishment of this commission is an acknowledgementby the parliamentary majority that the Armenian people have many unanswered questionsabout the events of that day – and the response to those events so far. The commission isalso intended to comply with a resolution of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council ofEurope, which called for an independent and credible inquiry.Each of the five parliamentary factions has been allocated two seats on the commission.The eleventh seat was allocated to a non-party member of parliament. Political groups outsideparliament, including the movement led by opposition politician Levon Ter-Petrossian,have been invited to participate in an advisory capacity.The choice to give each party equal representation – rather than allocating seats on aproportional basis – was a good one, as was the choice to include groups outside parliament.And although four of the parties in parliament are in a governing coalition together, eachretains its particular concerns and the need to be responsive to its electorate. Critics of thegoverning majority nonetheless believe they are underrepresented on the commission andare inclined to stay away.But it is high time to move from the question of the composition of the commission to theactual conduct of its inquiry.The commission is responsible for issuing a final report in October. More important thanthe commission’s conclusions, however, is the inquiry itself. We look forward to open hearingsin which political figures, criminal investigators, and rank-and-file eyewitnesses alikeanswer probing but respectful questions.The inquiry will have to be sensitive to the interests of the ongoing criminal investigationinto the events of March 1, but by the same token, the commission will provide parliamentaryoversight of the investigation.Now that it has been formed, the commission will have to earn the trust of the public bybeing open, transparent, and willing to ask uncomfortable but important questions. Welook forward to the process, as fraught as it may be.fEnough is enough, AzerbaijanI am fighting hard to zeroout military funding forAzerbaijanby Joe KnollenbergAs the Co-Chair of the Congressional Caucuson Armenian Issues I believe there is nogreater threat to stability in the South Caucasusregion than Azerbaijan’s apparent buildupto war with Armenia.I recently had the privilege to participatein a House Foreign Affairs Committee hearingtitled, “The Caucasus: Frozen Conflictsand Closed Borders.” During the hearing Ihad a chance to question Assistant Secretaryof State Dan Fried on the actions the administrationhas taken to stop Azerbaijan’s warmachine.Azerbaijan continues to ready its militaryfor war and the scary rhetoric coming fromAzerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev and otherhigh-ranking government officials proves it.Quotes such as “The war is in not yet over...”and “Our policies must be aggressive....” fromthe president of a country should not be takenlightly or brushed aside. Unfortunately, Ido not think the United States is taking thisthreat as seriously as we should.The U.S. policy towards the Caucasus regionis one of promoting stability through regionalcooperation. It is absolutely unacceptablethat the United States would turn a blind eyeto what is clearly a violation of U.S. policyin the region. The current U.S. administrationcontinues to request large amounts offunding for Azerbaijan’s military and alsohas made very clear their support for eliminatingSection 907 of the Freedom SupportAct, which strictly prohibits funding going toAzerbaijan’s military.Unfortunately, the administration is simplynot stepping up to the plate and doingwhat is necessary. I say enough is enough.Azerbaijan has had every opportunity, especiallyduring the Minsk process, to tonedown the rhetoric and turn up the cooperation.The United States must stand with Armeniaand force Azerbaijan to stop the warmachine and negotiate in good faith withtheir neighbor.Joe Knollenberg, a Republican, has representedMichigan’s Ninth District in Congress since 1992.Rep. Joe Knollenberg at the House ForeignAffairs Committee hearing titled, “The Caucasus:Frozen Conflicts and Closed Borders.” Photo:Armenian Reporter.As a member of the House AppropriationsSubcommittee on State and Foreign Operations,and as Co-Chair of the Caucus, Ihave strongly advocated for Section 907 foryears. Any country that uses their military tothreaten an ally of the United States shouldnot be given military funding from the UnitedStates. It simply does not make sense.Furthermore, this year I am fighting hardto zero out military funding for Azerbaijan.Funding a military that is intent on attackingan ally is not good policy, and I will not allowU.S. dollars to be used against Armenians.Providing no military funding to Azerbaijanwill send the strongest signal possible thatthe United States does not condone their actionsand rejects their provocation of war.Now is the time that we put Azerbaijan’srhetoric to rest. I have worked to bring togethermembers of Congress from acrossthe country to support my effort to de-fundAzerbaijan’s military. The bipartisan group ofmembers from different areas of the countryproves the importance of the issue. I believewe can and must stop Azerbaijan fromthreatening Armenia.Working together we can ensure our success.fLettersBravo to “CulturalDecline”Sir:I’m writing in reference to a letter I foundon the Reporter online (print edition of May24): it was titled, “Cultural Decline?” by AniVartanian.Three words immediately came to me:“Bravo to her!”Finally someone out there is not afraid tocomment on, and bring light to, the actualtruth and happenings in our families andculture.She began by specifically asking the readerwhat comes to mind when you hear aboutArmenians; I was astonished at her boldnessand her candid responses to the question.Only a closed-minded person would seethem as opinionated. In her discussion ofthe declining society she feels we live in, thearticle makes reference to different culturegroups, to the family, and to the question ofhow we are supposed to conduct our lives.She states that we can’t function without theinteraction and cooperation of other groupsof people.This letter was exceptional, and I applaudthe writer for having the courage toput it all out in the open. We must facefacts, and realize that we can’t live behinda façade anymore. The writer’s integrationof religion, and whether or not yourfamily practices what our culture preaches,was fabulous.Ms. Vartanian, I totally understand you,and I applaud you. It’s about time someonewrote such things in public, instead of keepingeverything hidden. Just because a topic isnot being discussed, doesn’t mean it doesn’texist. Just because someone keeps quiet,doesn’t mean they have nothing to say. Unfortunately,many people don’t feel the sameway. We can only hope that these culturalfailures and realizations will provide a rudeawakening, and give people a much deservedwake-up call.I will end with Vartanian’s best quote,made as she discussed whether we shouldhave practical worries, or emotional concerns.She concluded: “Money can alwaysbe made. Character can only be shaped fromyour surroundings.”Bravo, Ani Vartanian!Very truly yours,Tamar SimonianParsippany, N.J.Black Sea drowningsSir:In a letter to the editor (14 June 2008) RichardG. Hovannisian remains unpersuaded bymy “supposed ‘debunking’” of claims aboutthe mass drowning of Armenians from Trebizondin the Black Sea in 1915. Perhaps hecredits an article published in the New YorkTimes on October 7, 1915, according to which10,000 Armenians were taken out to sea anddrowned in one afternoon.I made a detailed case regarding the allegedmass drowning in Trebizond in 1915in Armenian Forum several years ago (seehttp://www.gomidas.org/forum/icons.pdf).I also published the relevant documents ina broader work, United States Official Recordson the Armenian Genocide (Gomidas Institute,2004). In my review I argued that the weightof the available evidence was against the simpleassertion that Armenians were drowneden masse in Trebizond in 1915.Our most accessible source, U.S. ConsulOscar Heizer in Trebizond, stated that the5,500 Armenians in Trebizond were deportedin four caravans on July 1st (600 people),July 3rd (2,000), July 5th (2,000), and July18th (remaining Armenians). Based on Heizer’sreports, we also know that there were ahandful of cases involving the drowning ofa few dozen Armenian adults who were takento sea and either shot or simply thrownoverboard. Heizer also mentions that someArmenian children who were not deportedor absorbed into Muslim families weredrowned.Very truly yours,Ara SarafianLondonThe writer is director of the Gomidas Institute(UK).Tell us what you think. Write toletters@reporter.amArmenian Reporter (ISSN 0004-2358), an independent newspaper,is published weekly by Armenian Reporter llc.Gerard L. Cafesjian, President and ceoPublisher Sylva A. Boghossian Editor Vincent LimaOffice managersEastern U.S. Lisa KopooshianWestern U.S. Atina HartunianCopyright © 2008 by ArmenianReporter llc. All Rights ReservedPeriodicals postage paid at Paramus, N.J., andadditional mailing offices.POSTMASTER: Send address changes to PO Box129, Paramus, NJ 07652-0129.The views expressed, except in the editorial, arenot necessarily those of the publishers.Managing editor Christopher ZakianWestern U.S. Bureau Chief andArts & Culture editor Paul ChaderjianWashington editor Emil SanamyanAssociate editor Maria TitizianAssistant to the Editor Seda StepanyanCopy editor Ishkhan JinbashianArt director Grigor HakobyanLayout assistant Nareh BalianThe Armenian Reporter is your newspaper. We urge you to send us your news and yourviews.News. Please send your news to .Letters. Please send your letters to Letters should be no morethan 250 words long and may be edited for clarity. Please include your mailing addressand daytime telephone number.Commentary. Please send your essays to Essays and articlesnormally should be no longer than 900 words.Photos and artwork. We require high-resolution originals. All photos and artworkmust include a credit to the photographer and a signed statement granting us permissionto publish.Advertising and subscriptions. Please direct questions to orcall us.Our officesPO Box 129Paramus NJ 076521-201-226-1995 phone1-201-226-1660 fax3191 Casitas Ave Ste 216Los Angeles CA 900391-323-671-1030 phone1-323-671-1033 fax1 Yeghvard Hwy Fl 5Yerevan 0054 Armenia374-10-367-195 phone374-10-367-194 fax
The Armenian Reporter | June 21, 2008 23CommentaryWhat I didn’t see at the Turkish missionA talk on “coming toterms with the past” turnsout to be the same oldintolerance – in more waysthan oneby Florence AvakianNew York – What happened at the TurkishMission to the United Nations in New York,on Thursday, June 5, was not surprising. Iwas refused admission to a lecture in Englishby Prof. Turkkaya Ataov, titled, “The ArmenianQuestion: How to Come to Terms withOne’s Past.” It was sponsored by the Societyof Turkish-American Architects, Engineersand Scientists and Istanbul University AlumniAssociation (U.S.A.).Earlier on June 5, the Armenian Reporterhad received an e-mail informing it of theevent. In assigning me to cover it, the ArmenianReporter had called the sponsoring associationand given my name. As an accreditedUnited Nations correspondent, I was awareof the security situation and had also calledthe Turkish Mission, and was assured thateven though it was not sponsoring the lecture,I would have no trouble.Entering the Turkish Mission, I showedmy UN press pass, and went through thesecurity apparatus, but was told rudely thatmy name was not on the list, and therefore Ihad to leave. When I asked their names, oneanswered, “our names are secret.” Almostimmediately four burly men surrounded me,one not even an inch away from me. As Istood there showing my UN press pass, andstating that my assigned paper had made areservation, I noticed that several men carryingcameras and other recording equipmentbreezed through security without givingtheir names. Before leaving, I told them Iwould be writing about the experience, andspeaking of it on the regional Armenian radioprogram.Through my contacts, I received a paraphrasedreport of the Ataov lecture, whichhad been delivered in English. The report,however, was written in Turkish, so I askedan Armenian-American friend, originallyfrom Turkey, to translate it. What followsis my compilation of the translated, paraphrasedreport.This is coming to terms withthe past?According to the e-mail announcement ofthe lecture, Turkkaya Ataov is professoremeritus of International Relations at theUniversity of Ankara, and a member of theExecutive Council of International Organizationsfor the Elimination of All Forms ofRacial Discrimination (Geneva). If the titleof his June 5 talk sounded a little promisingto Armenian ears, the content was a far cryfrom “coming to terms with one’s past.”In his talk, Ataov stated that there is nodocument that shows that the Ottomangovernment organized and perpetrated theGenocide (soykirim). Turks must work hardand do their homework against the allegedArmenian claims, he said.During the lecture, Ataov showed documentsfrom a number of foreign parliamentswhich had passed resolutions asking theTurks to face their past.He said that the historic documents shouldbe put forth without any political objectivesin mind. Calling the Armenian claims false,exaggerated, and scandalous, he accusedFrance and other foreign parliaments ofhaving closed their doors to free research,and also berated editors and reporters. Heclaimed that he had called newspaper publishers,but they would not talk to him.Deportation and death causedby diseaseArmenians, Ataov said, were following the“martyr psychology,” and not reading the differentdocuments of their own history, becausehe said, they don’t have tolerance forother points of view. Concerning the deportationof the Armenians, he said that anydeaths had been caused by disease, but thatthe Armenians did not accept this.Ataov also accused public libraries inthe U.S. of having books written beforethe 1915 events, and containing a “badview” of the Turks. He claimed that Ottomanarchives were not given more importancebecause they were called “Turkisharchives,” and that these archives had nodocuments regarding the premeditationand implementation of the Genocide. Healso claimed that in third party publicationsand in those of the “old” Armenianarmy leadership during World War I writtenby Armenians, there was informationof why this genocide took place.He said that during the war preparationsby the Turks, the Armenians in the east hadkilled more than 120,000 non-Armenians,and that no Armenians had been brought tojustice. He accused Armenians, between 1914and 1918, of participating in “13 wars,” armingthemselves, killing Muslims, and helpingto participate with states that occupied theOttoman Empire. Only the Turks were punished,and this corresponds with the justiceof the victors [the Allies], he said.Nuremberg and Tokyo courtsnot independentHe also accused the Nuremberg and Tokyocourts after World War II of not being independent.He said they were comprised of themilitary representatives of the victors. Manycountries want to put Turkey on the witnessstand, he continued, but they themselveshave a dark past – he named Germany as onesuch country. Neither Turkey nor any othercountry should be chosen as a scapegoat, hedeclared.Without saying whether the Turks wereguilty of genocide or not, he said that MustafaKemal and the leaders of the Turkishrepublic knew everything that had takenplace, but instead of getting stuck in the past,they had constructed a new future for a newgeneration. This denied that this was donebecause the Kemalists wanted to hide thetruth, but rather because a new state was beingfounded, he said.Voicing his comments on the future, Ataovsaid that Turks should know the Armenianquestion in all its details, and speak upagainst people who put the blame on theTurks, and the Turkish state.Ataov, who will give similar lectures in SanFrancisco and Washington D.C., also claimedthat the U.S. Congress and U.S. public opinionare now listening more to the Turkishpoint of view.All of which must have sounded very reassuringto the audience that was permittedto attend his June 5 talk. The audience offewer than a hundred reportedly asked noquestions, and offered no opposition to thespeaker’s statements.fWhat’s with the labels in Russian in Armenia’s supermarkets?by Nyree AbrahamianWhen I first moved to Armenia, I was surprisedand annoyed by the amount of Russian– both spoken and written – still in use,17 years after the country’s independence.Over time, I grew accustomed to it and developeda more understanding attitude. Afterall, you can’t just flush out a languagethat people have grown up with, one thathas been a dominant language for over 70years. Besides, as the Armenian saying goes,“Inchkan lezou kides, ainkan mart es,” (whichtranslates roughly to “The more languagesyou know, the more complete you are as aperson.”) So I’ve decided to try to embracethe language, picking up bits of Russian vocabularywherever I can and even learningthe alphabet.Yet despite the rapid progress in my selftaughtRussian lessons, there are things thatstill irk me, like the price displays on grocerystore shelves. Every major supermarketin Yerevan has its prices displayed in Russian.This may not seem like too huge a deal,but when you’re comparison-shopping andthe 250 dram and 3,000 dram bags of riceare mixed up on the shelf, it matters. I’veasked a few clerks and cashiers why the pricedisplays are in Russian, and they typicallyanswer with a shrug, or “So that everyoneunderstands.” When I protest that I don’t understand,I receive in response a warm smileand an offer to help – which is nice, but stilldoesn’t answer my question. It’s not so muchthat I mind asking for help; it’s the principleof it. We are in Armenia, after all.My gut reaction was: it’s just the old Sovietmentality. There’s still a propensity towardRussian as the “elite” language. But I knewthere had to be more to it. So with equal partsof curiosity and frustration, I decided to pursuemy inquiry further, posing my questionsto the managers of five of Yerevan’s centralsupermarkets.The responses I got were mostly positiveand really got me thinking. Every single oneof them agreed that it would be more helpfulto customers if the price indicators on theshelves were in Armenian, since most localscan read both Armenian and Russian, butmore visitors and repatriates can read Armenianthan Russian.What’s stopping companies from makingthe shift is not a matter of pride or laziness,but one of infrastructure. “I agree that theseprice markers should be written in Armenian,”says Margarita, the manager of BestSupermarket, “but the computer system thatwe work with is all set up in Russian. It wouldbe difficult to change it, but there is a plan toswitch the program to Armenian.”Ardak, the manager of Star Supermarketon Amiryan Street, agrees that the entiresystem should be translated to Armenian,but sees two reasons for the delay in thischange: “Unfortunately,” he says, “there isstill, among the older generation, a tendencyto consider Russian as the ‘language of theeducated.’ But also, it’s the way the store isset up. The computer system that we use isa Russian one. I have heard that this maychange soon, and I hope it will.”Similar responses were given by the managersof another location of Star and twolocations of SAS Supermarkets. All were inagreement that the predominance of Russianin supermarkets is an infrastructureproblem and all told me that they plannedto change this in the future. But generally,they didn’t see it as a pressing matter. “Mostof our customers read Russian, and thosewho don’t can ask our employees,” said Elen,the manager of SAS on Mashtots Street, “Soit’s not a problem for most of our customers.But I see your point, and that is whyhead office hopes to change it soon.” Basedon these responses, I formed the conclusionthat in order for supermarkets to implementArmenian software, one of three conditionswould have to exist: it would either have tobe very cheap, of considerably better qualitythan the existing product, or mandated bythe government.As for the law....The third condition seemed the most plausible.Similar language laws exist in Armenia.For example, all packaged foods must includea list of their ingredients in Armenian. Whyshouldn’t there be the same sort of law aboutsignage? So I looked into it and found to mysurprise that it is in fact required by law thatall signs be written in Armenian. The Lawof the Republic of Armenia on Language requiresbusinesses “to conduct business in theArmenian language.”So the law exists, but is clearly not enforced,or perhaps selectively enforced. Ifall business is to be conducted in Armenian,not only should signage be in Armenian, soshould receipts. And the only way to produceArmenian receipts is by implementing Armeniansoftware.Upon learning of this law, I attempted tocontact the head offices of Star and SAS Supermarkets.At Star, neither of the managersthat I spoke to would even give me their headoffice’s number.I called SAS’s head office, and they simplyrepeated what the managers had told me: theprogram that they currently use is in Russianand soon they will change it to Armenian. Thelaw on language was adopted in 1993. Somehow,I don’t have much faith in their “soon.”Nor do I believe that the government willsuddenly start enforcing this legislation. I do,however, have faith in time. My hope restswith the new generation of Armenians, thosebeing educated in the post-Soviet era.The emphasis on Russian in the educationsystem has significantly decreased and parents’priorities for their children have changed.Lusine Boyajyan, a 31-year-old mother andYerevan native, states: “17 years ago, I wouldhave sent my daughter to a Russian school,because at that time, that was considered tobe the highest quality of education. But intoday’s free, independent Armenia, I want mydaughter to learn literary Armenian becauseI think that the Armenian language is beautifuland rich, just like our culture. The two gohand in hand. One cannot be preserved orenhanced without the other.”In a decade or so, Lusine’s daughter’s generation– a generation raised with a new respectfor their mother tongue and with farless educational background in Russian thantheir parents’ generation – will comprise thecountry’s managers and consumers. Withthe majority of the population more fluent inArmenian than Russian, the infrastructurewill have to change to meet their needs.So Yerevan’s supermarkets are not outto make my life difficult or to hinder mycomparison-shopping. They’re simply conductingbusiness as usual. Nobody is forcingthem to switch their computer systemto Armenian, and for the time being, asidefrom peeving a few customers, the systemis working just fine. But inevitably, the timewill come when this will no longer be thecase, and until then, we’ll just have to stickto the old saying: “Inchkan lezou kides, ainkanmart es.”fTrustee contributions to the AGMMFinancial contributions by former and current members of the Board of Trustees of Armenian Genocide Museumand Memorial (AGMM) for the benefit of the AGMM as of September 2006.
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