231575 Piezo-Mechanics GB

2.2.2 High power PZT HPHigh Power HP PZT material is the choice, where high mechanical power generation is required. Stroke and forcegeneration under high load are remarkably larger than for the standard or HS/HT material. The energy output isroughly doubled.The HP material is used for adaptronic applications, where the mechanical energy transfer to a coupled system shallbe maximized.The electrical capacitance is higher by about 80% compared to the standard configuration.Operating voltage range: (–)100 V thru (+)1500 V for PSt 1500 … stacks(–)200 V thru (+)1000 V for PSt 1000 … stacksOperating temperature: –60 °C thru +120 °CAxial coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE): approx. +1 ppm/°CVacuum compatibleFig. 10:Normalized stroke/force diagram for HP modified highvoltage actuators. Relative stroke = 1 at U maxA. For bipolar operation in the range(–)0.2 U max thru (+)U maxB. For unipolar operation in the range 0 V thru (+)U max2.2.3. High temperature/high stability PZT: HS/HTThe main feature of the HS/HT material is the stability of strain and force characteristics under varying temperaturesor load forces.Electrical capacitance and achievable strain exceed slightly standard PZTOperating voltage range: (–)100 V thru (+)1500 V for PSt 1500 … stacks(–)200 V thru (+)1000 V for PSt 1000 … stacksOperating temperature: –60 °C thru +120 °CAxial coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE): approx. +1 ppm/°CVacuum compatibleOptions:Actuators for cryogenic (–273 °C) applications on request (e.g. tuning of superconducting accelerator resonators)High temperature application (up to 200 °C on request)HS/HT material is used for high frequency/high speed actuation likehigh dynamic valve controlsshaker applicationsscanningFig. 11:Normalized stroke/force diagram for HS modified highvoltage actuators. Relative stroke = 1 at U maxA. For bipolar operation in the range(–)0.2 U max thru (+)U maxB. For unipolar operation in the range 0 V thru (+)U max10