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NewsNew Red CrossGuidelines forCash TransferProgrammingThe International Red Cross and Red CrescentMovement have just published Guidelines forCash Transfer Programming. The guidelinesare designed for field practitioners with experienceof humanitarian programmes, includinggeneralists such as programme managers orrelief coordinators, as well as specialists onfood security, economic security, livelihoods orshelter. They are designed for use at national orinternational level, for headquarters, branch orfield offices.There is a growing body of evidence that cashbasedprogramming can be a very appropriateand effective form of response, alone or incombination with other in-kind programmes.Building on the broad range of cash experienceswithin the Movement and in the humanitariansector, these guidelines helpprogramme managers identify those situationswhere cash is appropriate, and provide practical,step-by-step support to the design andimplementation of cash programmes. They canbe used following a rapid assessment and alsoto support programmes at any point of thedisaster cycle – disaster risk reduction,preparedness, response or recovery – or in asituation of conflict or political instability.The first section of the guidelines follows theprogramme cycle with detailed information onwhether, when and how to design and implementcash-transfer programmes. The secondsection gives step-by-step guidance on particularforms of cash transfers. The last sectionprovides some practical tools that can be usedin any cash transfer programme, such asmarket assessment, community-based targeting,or how to assess financial institutions.A revised edition of the guidelines is plannedfor 2009 and a feedback form is included at theend of the document in order to allow fieldpractitioners to contribute to the improvementof the document.For further information, contact:Charles-Antoine Hofmann, HumanitarianPolicy Adviser at the British Red Cross,email: cahofmann@redcross.org.uk,Mija-tesse Ververs, Senior Advisor FoodSecurity, Nutrition, Livelihoods, InternationalFederation of Red Cross and Red CrescentSocieties, email: mija.ververs@ifrc.org,tel: +41 22 730 4449IASC Guidance onMental Health andPsychosocial Supportin emergenciesThe Inter Agency Standing Committee (IASC)has issued Guidelines on Mental Health andPsychosocial Support in Emergency Settings:Minimum Responses in the Midst ofEmergencies. The guidelines have been developedby 27 agencies, with input of hundredsof experts worldwide.The aim of these guidelines is to enablehumanitarian actors to plan, establish and coordinatea set of minimum multi-sectoralresponses. These guidelines are responding tothe absence, until now, of a multi-sectoral,interagency framework to enable effectivecoordination, identify useful practices, highlightpotential harmful practices and clarifyhow different approaches to support mentalhealth and psychosocial support in emergenciescomplement each other.The guidelines specify 25 minimum responsesin emergencies in three areas:Area A. Common functions – coordination,assessment, monitoring and evaluation,protection and human rights standards, andhuman resources.Area B. Core mental health and psychosocialsupports – community mobilisation andsupport, health services, education anddissemination of information.Area C. Social considerations in sectors – foodsecurity and nutrition, shelter and site planning,water and sanitation.The guidelines include 25 Action Sheets thatexplain how to implement each of the minimumresponses.For further information, visithttp://www.humanitarianinfo.org/iasc/content/products/default.asp or email:IASCmhpss@who.int orIASCmhpss@interaction.orgHealth and Nutrition evaluationguidelinesThe Inter-agency Health and Nutrition(IHE) Initiative, comprised of a broad rangeof NGOs, UN agencies, CDC, donors andacademic institutions, has produced theirfirst version of IHE Evaluation Guidelines.The guidelines outline a process forcommissioning and managing inter-agencyhealth and nutrition evaluations, as well asprovide an evaluative framework for thesetypes of evaluations. The aim of these evaluationsis to analyse the overall performanceof the health and nutrition sector, andthe impact of interventions on the health ofcrisis affected populations.FAO LivelihoodsAssessment andAnalysis e-learningcourseThe EC-FAO Food Security Programme hasproduced an e-learning course on‘Livelihoods Assessment and Analysis’.The Livelihoods course introduces theconcept of livelihoods and the components ofthe livelihoods framework. It also providesguidance on assessing livelihoods in differentfood security contexts and on selecting andinterpreting livelihoods indicators.Previous e-learning courses include FoodSecurity Information Systems and Networks,Reporting Food Security Information, andThis is the first version of these guidelines,based on experience gained during the six IHEevaluations done so far and feedback receivedon earlier draft versions. It is hoped that theseguidelines will stimulate more inter-agencyevaluations in the health sector. Ongoingdiscussions are planned within the health cluster,to see how such evaluations can complementassessment and monitoring processes.For more information, please contact OlgaBornemisza at olga.bornemisza@lshtm.ac.ukTo see copies of the evaluations done so far, seehttp://www.unhcr.org/doclist/research/3b8a2e3de.html and search for IHE.Nutritional Status Assessment and Analysis.All of these are available in English andFrench.The new course is available for free online at;http://www.foodsec.org/dl/dlcourselist_en.asp or on CD-Rom,email: information-for-action@fao.org,tel: +39 06 570 54003. Related resources fortrainers, which can be customized for faceto-facetraining, are also available.EC-FAO Programme website:www.foodsec.org FAO website: www.fao.org15
NewsWHO TechnicalConsultation andUpdate on HIV andInfant FeedingThe Report of a Technical Consultation onPrevention of HIV Infections in PregnantWomen, Mothers and their Infants and InfantFeeding and an Update of recommendations 1 isnow available.At a Consultation (held in Geneva on 25–27October 2006), researchers, programme implementers,infant feeding experts and a broadcross-section of agencies reviewed the substantialbody of new evidence and experienceregarding HIV and infant feeding. The aim wasto further clarify and refine the existing UnitedNations (UN) guidance, which was based onthe recommendations from a previous consultationin 2000.The group endorsed the general principlesunderpinning most of the October 2000 recommendationsand reached consensus on a rangeof new issues and their implications. New datathat were not available in 2000 were reviewed.These included recent trial data on 18-monthand 24-month HIV-free survival based ondifferent infant feeding practices, and morbidityand mortality reported among HIV-exposedbut uninfected infants enrolled in several ongoingtrials where mothers ceased breastfeedingby six months.The Technical Consultation Report presents asummary of the new findings, conclusions andrecommendations and Annex 1 provides detailsof the discussions that took place.Based on the Technical Consultation, ‘HIV andinfant feeding: Update’ has just been producedby WHO to provide the full list of updateLaunch of The Lancet’sSeries on Maternal andChild UndernutritionThe Lancet’s Series on Maternal and ChildUndernutrition has just been launched.(January 16, 2008). The Series aims to increaseawareness around maternal and child undernutritionand serve as a catalyst for national-levelgovernments, non-governmental organisationsand the international nutrition community tospur action and stimulate national interest,leadership, and commitment.Series launches have been held in Washington,D.C. and London, and will continue inEthiopia, India, Peru, Vietnam, and West Africato help raise awareness of and deepen supportfor maternal and child nutrition at the donor,policy and programmatic levels in countriesthat face the most serious nutrition challenges.Many health and development agencies includingJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of PublicHealth, UNICEF, USAID, the World Bank, therecommendations and an explanation of keypoints 2 . It is aimed at programme managersand decision makers, and those who will be incharge of revising national guidelines onprevention of mother-to-child transmission andinfant and young child feeding. Guidance willcontinue to be refined and clarified as newevidence becomes available.For further information, contact:World Health Organisation, 20 Avenue Appia,1211 Geneva 27, Switzerlandemail: cah@who.int or hiv-aids@who.int ornutrition@who.inthttp://www.who.intThe updated guidance is available athttp://www.who.int/child-adolescenthealth/documents/en/The Consultation Report and other WHOdocuments on HIV and infant feeding can befound at:http://www.who.int/child-adolescenthealth/NUTRITION/HIV_infant.htm1HIV and Infant Feeding. New evidence and programmaticexperience. Report of a Technical Consultation. Geneva,Switzerland, 25–27 October 2006, held on behalf of theInter-agency Task Team (IATT) on Prevention of HIVInfections in Pregnant Women,Mothers and their Infants. WHO, UNICEF, UNAIDS, UNFPA.WHO 2007.2WHO, UNICEF, UNAIDS, UNFPA. HIV and Infant Feeding:Update. Geneva, WHO, 2007.World Health Organisation, and the Bill &Melinda Gates Foundation contributed to theproduction of the series. It includes contributionsfrom leading academics and nutritionexperts from the UK, USA, Asia, Africa, andLatin America.There are five papers in the series with onebeing published in the print edition of TheLancet each week. All five papers, the webappendices, and a 12-page Executive Summaryof The Lancet's Series, are available online (free)at: http://www.globalnutritionseries.org/The website also includes details of globalevents, a media centre and resources centre.Sphere Projectcelebrates 10thanniversaryThe Sphere Project celebrated its 10thanniversary in 2007. To mark the occasion,a special report has been published, ‘10years of Sphere in Action, enhancing thequality and accountability of humanitarianaction’. This report aims to provide adegree of insight into the first ten years ofthe Sphere Project. It includes examplesboth from those who 'govern' the Projectand those who 'use' the HumanitarianCharter and the Minimum Standards,citing first-hand experiences and casestudies from diverse contexts.The report is available for download inPDF format and as a Flash presentation at:http://www.sphereproject.org/content/view/301/32/lang,English/A Memorandum of Agreement has beensigned with 'Books for Change' in India toprint a low cost, English language editionof ‘The Sphere Project: HumanitarianCharter and Minimum Standards inDisaster Response’ handbook, 2004edition. The handbook is available for 210Indian Rupees (discounts for bulk orders)in the following countries only: India,Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan,Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and theMaldives (Sales Territories).Requests should be addressed directly to:Shoba Ramachandran, Publisher andChief Editor at Books for Change, 139Richmond Road, Bangalore 560 025,Karnataka, India Ph: +91-80-25580346Fax: +91-80-25586284Email: shoba.ram@actionaid.orgThe Sphere Project team also invite registeredSphere Project members to updatetheir contact details online, to send newsarticles on the Sphere related activitiesand to include any ‘Sphere event’ in theevents calendar on the Sphere Projectwebsite.For further information, contact: LauraLopez-Bech, The Sphere Project,http://www.sphereproject.orgTel.: +41 (0) 22 730 4482Fax: +41 (0) 22 730 4905email: laura.lopez@ifrc.org16
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Page 3 and 4: Field ArticleA health centrein Zimb
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Page 12 and 13: ResearchWHO growth reference forchi
Page 14 and 15: Training in ActionC Angood, Tanzani
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Page 28 and 29: PostscriptUNHCR CommentAnn Burton,
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