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1 Rough Equality, Rougher Inequalities, and the 'Jostlings of ...

1 Rough Equality, Rougher Inequalities, and the 'Jostlings of ...

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legal reforms would mitigate <strong>the</strong> pernicious influence <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> rougher, hurtful, man-madeinequalities that precluded <strong>the</strong> perfectionistic moral development <strong>of</strong> humanity.For Wollstonecraft, friendship ought to function as a symbiotic relationshipwithin which moral equals inspire each o<strong>the</strong>r to strive for moral perfection. For example,boys <strong>and</strong> girls who played <strong>the</strong> same games toge<strong>the</strong>r would inspire each o<strong>the</strong>r to practice<strong>the</strong> same virtues, such as respectful competition <strong>and</strong> amiableness. Despite this egalitarianideal <strong>of</strong> higher friendship, she acknowledged that it was certainly possible, evenprobable, that one would gravely misjudge one's friends <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir intentions. Her first,un<strong>of</strong>ficial, husb<strong>and</strong>, Gilbert Imlay, was a case in point. Despite her loving him as hereternal spiritual partner, he turned out to be a cad: a man who cared more for mere"commerce" (in economic <strong>and</strong> sexual traffic) than for <strong>the</strong> needs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> mo<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> hisinfant daughter <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir future as a family. But Wollstonecraft had o<strong>the</strong>r, dear friends inher life, including her only true (<strong>and</strong> legal) husb<strong>and</strong>, William Godwin, who showed herano<strong>the</strong>r way.Wollstonecraft's philosophy <strong>of</strong> higher friendship has both Aristotelian <strong>and</strong>Kantian dimensions. Yet she moves beyond each <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se philosophical models <strong>of</strong> interrelationalequality by emphasizing <strong>the</strong> redemptive power <strong>of</strong> higher friendship for <strong>and</strong>among people beyond elite men. Wollstonecraft democratizes higher friendship byaccommodating a place for everyone within it. Everyone could <strong>and</strong> should inspiresomeone else to <strong>the</strong> higher virtues through friendship: spouses, peers, siblings, parents, aswell as parents <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir children.One <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most redemptive forms <strong>of</strong> friendship could be between women <strong>of</strong>different classes. In her final novel, Maria, or <strong>the</strong> Wrongs <strong>of</strong> Woman, Wollstonecraft4

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