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Guanajuatense and Other Mexican Immigrants in the United States ...

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The <strong>Mexican</strong> newcomers <strong>in</strong> Kennett Square,Toughkenomon, <strong>and</strong> numerous o<strong>the</strong>r enclaves across <strong>the</strong><strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong> harvest a variety of crops <strong>and</strong> hold jobs <strong>in</strong>food-process<strong>in</strong>g plants. Employment <strong>in</strong> this l<strong>in</strong>e of workis sporadic <strong>and</strong> seasonal, <strong>and</strong> provides wages at or near <strong>the</strong>poverty level. Despite <strong>the</strong>se serious obstacles to <strong>the</strong>irlivelihood, <strong>Mexican</strong> immigrants have what it takes toovercome <strong>the</strong>m. They have a strong work ethic, aspire toimprove <strong>the</strong>ir plight <strong>and</strong> better <strong>the</strong> opportunities of <strong>the</strong>irchildren, <strong>and</strong> have a strong will to build stable families<strong>and</strong> communities. If <strong>in</strong>corporated <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong>ir communitiesas full <strong>and</strong> legitimate members, <strong>the</strong>se new immigrants willhelp rebuild communities <strong>and</strong> local economies. As is happen<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong> Kennett Square <strong>and</strong> Toughkenomon, <strong>the</strong>y willopen small bus<strong>in</strong>esses with <strong>the</strong>ir sav<strong>in</strong>gs; pay bus<strong>in</strong>ess,sale, <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r taxes contribut<strong>in</strong>g to municipal revenues;shop <strong>in</strong> local stores keep<strong>in</strong>g bus<strong>in</strong>esses afloat <strong>and</strong> open;<strong>and</strong> rebuild <strong>the</strong>ir homes <strong>and</strong>, revitaliz<strong>in</strong>g neighborhoods.ReferencesAlmanza B., Miguel Angel <strong>and</strong> Lucero Circe LopezRiofrio. 1997. “De aquí y de allá: Reflexiones generalesde fenómeno migratorio <strong>in</strong>ternacional y losjóvenes.” Gente: Revista del Consejo Estatal dePoblación Guanajuato, VII (2): 36-41.Argüello Zepeda, F. 1993. Experiencias migratorias decampes<strong>in</strong>os de Guanajuato en Canadá. Regiones, I(1): 89-105.Cebada Contreras, C. 1993. La migración hacía EstadosUnidos y dos comunidades de origen en el estado deGuanajuato. Regiones, I (1): 73-87.Cebada Contreras, C. 1994. Comunidad y mercado detrabajo agrícola. Regiones, II (4): 145-168.County of Chester. 1992. Chester County Profile 1992.A report prepared by <strong>the</strong> Chester County Plann<strong>in</strong>gCommission, Government Services, West Chester,Penn.Cross, H. <strong>and</strong> J.A. S<strong>and</strong>os. 1981. Across <strong>the</strong> Border:Rural Development <strong>in</strong> Mexico <strong>and</strong> Recent Migrationto <strong>the</strong> <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong>. Institute of Governmental Studies,University of California Press.Delgado Wise, R. <strong>and</strong> M. Moctezuma Longoria. 1993.Metamorfosis migratoria y evolución de la estructuraproductiva de Zacatecas. Regiones, I (1): 107-120.7Dur<strong>and</strong>, J. 1995. Regiones migratorias, balancenacional. Ponencia presentada en la qu<strong>in</strong>ta reuniónnacional de <strong>in</strong>vestigación demográfica del ColegioMéxico, Junio.Falcon, A. 1993. Lat<strong>in</strong>os <strong>in</strong> Pennsylvania <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> 1990’s:A Socioeconomic Profile. A report prepared for <strong>the</strong>Governor’s Advisory Commission on Lat<strong>in</strong>o Affairs,presented at <strong>the</strong> Encounter of <strong>the</strong> Cultures Conference,Mechanicsburg, Penn., Oct. 14-15.Gamboa, E. 1990. <strong>Mexican</strong> Labor <strong>and</strong> World War II:B r a c e ros <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Pacific Northwest, 1942-1947.Aust<strong>in</strong>: University of Texas Press.García, J.R. 1996. <strong>Mexican</strong>s <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Midwest, 1900-1932.Tucson: University of Arizona Press.García, V. 1992. “Surviv<strong>in</strong>g farm work: economicstrategies of <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Mexican</strong> American households<strong>in</strong> a rural Californian community.” Ph.D. Dissertation,Department of Anthropology, University ofCalifornia, Santa Barbara.García, V. 1997. <strong>Mexican</strong> Enclaves <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> U.S. Nor<strong>the</strong>ast:Immigrant <strong>and</strong> Migrant Mushroom Workers <strong>in</strong>Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Chester County, Pennsylvania. JSRI ReportNumber 27, Julian Samora Research Institute, MichiganState University, East Lans<strong>in</strong>g, Mich.García, V., L. Gouveia, R.I. Rochín, <strong>and</strong> J. Rivera (eds.).(forthcom<strong>in</strong>g). Rural Lat<strong>in</strong>os: Cross National Per -spectives. Penn State Press, Rural Studies Series.García, V. <strong>and</strong> L. González. 1995. F<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> numer -at<strong>in</strong>g migrants <strong>in</strong> <strong>Mexican</strong> enclaves of <strong>the</strong> U.S.Nor<strong>the</strong>ast: <strong>the</strong> case of Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Chester County,Pennsylvania. A research report for <strong>the</strong> Center forSurvey Methods Research, U.S. Bureau of Census,Suitl<strong>and</strong>, Mary.Goldschmidt, W. 1978. As you sow: three studies <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>social consequences of agri-bus<strong>in</strong>ess. M o n t c l a i r,New Jersey: Allanheld, Osmun <strong>and</strong> Co. Publishers.González, L. 1992. Respuesta campes<strong>in</strong>a a la Revolu -ción Verde en El Bajío. México: Univ. Iberoamericana.González, L. 1994. “Political brokers, ejidos, <strong>and</strong> stateresources: <strong>the</strong> case of Arturo Quiroz Francia, a peasantleader from Guanajuato, Mexico.” Dissertation,Department of Anthropology, University of California,Santa Barbara.

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