2012 Fo r a g e g u id e - BrettYoung

Forages2012 Forage GuideJon Montgomery2010 Olympic Gold Medalist – Skeleton2008 World Championship Silver Medalist

It All Comes Down to PerformanceCanadian Olympic Gold Medalist Jon Montgomeryexemplifies the notion that great success grows from hardwork, dedication and a strong team of supporters; a notionthat has defined BrettYoung for the past 75 years. Jon’ssuccesses on the world stage combined with his homegrownmanner reflect BrettYoung’s values as a world-class, familyownedcompany.Raised in Russell, Manitoba, Montgomery’s story reads as awonderful tale of the small-town boy turned national hero.This doesn’t happen without extraordinary drive and greatdetermination. With the strength of his team behind him, Jonstrives to ensure each performance is better than the last.At BrettYoung, our team is also committed to providinghigh performance outcomes with our products and servicesas we continually grow and expand, keeping farmers onthe leading edge of agribusiness. Our success has taken usfrom a small seed trading company in Winnipeg to a globalagribusiness with four processing and distribution facilities inWestern Canada.As a champion athlete, every training session is an opportunityfor Jon Montgomery to better himself. Every competition isan opportunity to rise to his gold standard. At BrettYoung,every product we bring to market is seen as an opportunity toset a new standard of excellence in our field. And like Jon, weunderstand that after the preparation, after the team has doneits part, and once the people who believe in us are waiting forthe final results…in the end, it all comes down to performance.Jon Montgomery2010 Olympic Gold Medalist – Skeleton2008 World Championship Silver MedalistHometown: Russell, MB“In any field, a gold medal performanceis a result of preparation, hard work andunwavering support.”

BrettYoung: Family Owned –Family ValuesHeadquartered in Winnipeg, Manitoba, BrettYoung is a privatelyowned agribusiness with a proud history of more than 75 years inagriculture. The seeds for the BrettYoung of today were sown in1975 when Peter Dyck – who had worked in the company since1947 – purchased the business from the original owners Bill Brettand Reg Young. Peter’s sons, Lloyd and Tim, soon joined theirfather. They worked hard, learned the business from their fatherand saw the business grow many times over.Today, BrettYoung is owned and operated by Lloyd(Co-CEO) and Tim (President) with plans to keep the companyin the family for generations to come. Lloyd and Tim hold dearand continue to follow the original tenet of BrettYoung that hardwork, integrity and honesty are the keys to solid relationships withgrowers, processors, customers and suppliers.BrettYoung TodayFollowing decades of growth and expansion, BrettYoung nowemploys approximately 160 people in four processing anddistribution facilities in Western Canada, and in sales territoriesacross North America.The business currently consists of three distinct but interrelatedbusiness units:(1) Forage and turf seedThis is the company’s founding business unit. BrettYoungpartners with growers to produce forage and turf seed forexport to 40 countries.You can learn more about the profit potential of growingforage and turf for seed for BrettYoung on page 47.Table of ContentsForage Agronomy 3Evaluating a Forage Stand 4How to Establish a ProductiveForage Stand 5Selecting Forage Species andBlends to Meet Your Forage Goals 7Forage Blends 11Custom Blends 12Stock Blends 14Alfalfa and Legumes 19Grasses 29Corn 37Producing Seed for BrettYoung 47Forage Guarantee 52Regional Account Managers 53(2) Professional turf and reclamationBrettYoung provides a wide range of products and services tothe professional turf and reclamation markets inWestern Canada.(3) Crop inputsBrettYoung provides crop input solutions to Canadian and USfarmers. Our forage portfolio of legumes, grasses, blends andsilage/grazing corn varieties is featured in this Guide.See our overall Product Guide for information on our canola,soybean and BioBoost portfolios.Home Grown. World Class.

Forage AgronomyEvaluating a Forage StandMany forage stands begin to decrease in productivity after three to five years.Soil moisture, nutrient availability, plant species density and management history allcombine to determine a forage stand’s health and potential productivity. The factorsbelow can help you determine the health of your forage stand.(1) Assess forage plant population and densityThe first step in evaluating a mature stand is to identify the plant speciespresent and their densities by counting plants of each species persquare foot or per square metre. Ideal plant densities will vary by regiondepending on growing conditions. Dry regions require a lower plantdensity to reduce competition for available moisture. In areas with highannual precipitation, a higher plant density is targeted to maximize forageproduction and minimize weed intrusion. The desired plant species will alsovary by region and end use. In hay stands, a higher alfalfa population istypically desired than in pasture stands. Intensively grazed pastures requiredifferent species than conventionally grazed pastures.4(2) Identify weeds and bush presentWeed and bush plants compete with forage plants for sunlight, moistureand space. They can also discourage grazing and prevent livestock fromgetting to available forage. Over-grazed, unhealthy forage stands aresusceptible to weed infiltration. Assess the weed and brush contaminationacross the field, and determine if chemical or mechanical control is needed.(3) Assess litter/ground cover presentA healthy forage stand has a good amount of litter, with little bare soilshowing. Litter is dead plant material that covers the soil between plants.Like plant density, the appropriate amount of litter will change withlocation, as well as species. Low amounts of litter in a forage stand aresymptomatic of an unhealthy stand and often over-grazing.(4) Evaluate soil damage/nutrient cyclingSoil damage can be seen in areas of erosion (due to wind or water),compaction, or hoof damage. Soil damage is often seen in areas wherecattle source water. Nutrient cycling is important on pasture stands, aslivestock return nutrients to the soil through manure and urine. Uniformdistribution of nutrients throughout the forage stand is a sign of good herdand pasture management. Frequently moving mineral and water sourcesas well as restricting livestock from areas where they tend to linger willimprove nutrient distribution across the field. Uneven distribution of urineand manure will lead to patchy forage production.For more detailed stand evaluation guidelines appropriate for your area, contactyour local BrettYoung Regional Account Manager.

How to Establish a Productive Forage StandThe establishment phase is the critical first step in a productive and healthy foragestand. To maximize your success in establishing a healthy product stand, follow theagronomic guidelines below.Time of SeedingEarly spring (mid-April to early June), mid-summer (mid-July to early August) andlate fall (after freeze-up) are suitable times for seeding your forage stand. Springseeding provides the best chance for adequate moisture levels for germination.Summer seeding provides less weed competition, but may not be successful inareas with inadequate summer moisture. Fall dormant seeding can run risks of earlyspring run-off or freeze thaw patterns harming seedlings.Seedbed PreparationA firm seedbed is needed for good forage establishment. This results in proper seedto soil contact, adds control to seeding depth, as well as reducing surface drying.A firm seedbed should not leave a footprint deeper than ¼ inch.Weed ControlWeed control is important for good forage establishment. A seedbed free ofperennial weeds is especially important. Control weeds prior to seeding, as well asduring the year of establishment if possible.Quality Seed and Seed TreatmentsCertified seed ensures varietal purity, high germination and weed-free seed.Certified seed results in rapid establishment and reduced weed problems in thefuture forage crop, as well as subsequent crops. Consider a forage coating toimprove flowability and seedling health. All legumes should be inoculated to ensurenitrogen fixation.5FertilitySoil test and fertilize accordingly. Remember that the most cost effective time tofertilize a forage crop is usually at seeding. Consider the use of higher rates ofelemental sulfur or phosphorus to provide a stable nutrition base for the followingyears. Fifteen lbs of P 2O 5can be safely seed placed. Higher rates must be bandedaway from the seed row to avoid seedling damage.

Forage AgronomySeeding DepthProper depth of seeding can’t be stressed enough. Many forage stand establishmentfailures are due to seeding too deep. All forage species should be seeded nodeeper than ½ inch in depth. Most forage seeds will do well planted at about ¼ inchor less in depth. Always err on seeding shallow rather than deep.Seeding RatesUse the proper seeding rates based on target plants per square foot. Seedingrates depend on seed size, seed quality, seeding method, row spacing and annualprecipitation. Because most forage seeds are small, light and often chaffy, it canbe useful to mix the seed with cracked grain, cover crop seed, or fertilizer (exceptinoculated legumes) to improve seed flow.6Cover CropsAlthough not recommended, some producers choose to plant forages with covercrops such as barley or oats. Cover (or companion) crops compete with the newforage seedlings for sunlight, nutrients and moisture. A cover crop can causereduced seedling establishment and forage yield and also reduce stand longevity.The benefits of using cover crops include reduction of wind and water erosion andreduction of weed infiltration. If using a cover crop, the following tips will reduce thecompetition and aid in forage stand establishment.Tips for Using Cover CropsTip #1 – Seed the cover crop at 1 ⁄3 to ½ of normal seeding rate. Seed forage seedin a separate pass at an angle to your cover crop to reduce competition and to aid indepth control.Tip #2 – Increase forage seeding rate to achieve desired plant densities in the standas the cover crop will reduce forage seed establishment.Tip #3 – Remove the cover crop as early as possible (silage or green-feed) ratherthan harvesting the grain. This will reduce the amount of competition for sunlight,moisture and nutrients.Tip #4 – If harvesting the cover crop for grain (not recommended), remove all strawfrom the field. If that is not an option, chop and spread the straw thoroughly acrossthe field. If straw is left in a windrow it will smother the forage seedlings underneath.Tip #5 – If seeding forages where soil erosion is prominent, it is recommended thata cover crop be used. The companion crop will aid in covering and protecting thesoil during the establishment year.

Selecting Forage Species and Blendsto Meet Your Forage GoalsThere are many factors to take into consideration when selecting forage species.The following is a list of relevant questions you should always ask before choosingforage species.(1) Intended Use & Management SystemIs the intended use of the forage crop hay or pasture? In pasture, howintensively is the forage stand going to be grazed? Are you rotational,continuous or mob grazing? What is your comfort level in grazing alfalfa?In hay stands, how many cuts do you expect to take each year? See Table 1for forage crop use recommendations.TABLE 1 – Forage crop use recommendationsForage SpeciesContinuousGrazingRotationalGrazingStoredFeedAlfalfa NR S HSBirdsfoot Trefoil NR HS HSJuliet Red Clover NR S HSWhite Clover HS HS NRWildcat Double Cut Red Clover NR S HSAlsike Clover NR S SSweet Clover NR S SBromegrass (smooth) NR S HSBromegrass (hybrid) S S HSBromegrass (meadow) S HS HSTimothy NR S HSReed Canarygrass NR HS HSOrchardgrass HS HS HSPerennial Ryegrass HS HS HSAnnual Ryegrass HS HS HSTall Fescue NR S HSMeadow Fescue HS S HSCreeping Red Fescue HS HS NRMeadow Foxtail NR S NRKentucky Bluegrass HS HS NRHS - Highly Suitable S - Suitable NR - Not Recommended7

Forage Agronomy(2) Forage TimingAt which months would you like your forage to be available? See Table 2for forage productivity timing.TABLE 2 – Forage productivity timingForage Species Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.Meadow BromegrassBromegrassGrass-Alfalfa MixtureNative RangePubsecent WheatgrassRussian WildryeGrazing calendar showing periods of high and low forage availability for some of thepasture crops.(3) Environmental ConditionsHow much annual precipitation does your area receive? How harsh areyour winters?8(4) Soil TypeWhat is your soil type (clay, loam, sandy)? How well does your soil drain?Is there a problem with saline or alkaline soils? Is the organic matter contenthigh or low?For information on variety and species characteristics with respect toenvironmental conditions and soil type see the detailed tables onpages 22 to 25 and 30 to 35 of this Guide.

Custom BlendsAt BrettYoung we understand that no two fields are the same. Eachpiece of land has its own unique combination of soil type, topographyand annual precipitation. Although we thoughtfully create the stockblends presented on the following pages, ultimately a forage blendshould be custom-built to fit your needs if they are not met by apre-built blend.We are proud of our ability to build, create and ship customblends in 48 hours or less, depending on product availability.Our team of experienced Regional Account Managers can help youdetermine what species will best suit your forage production goals inyour field to create a high quality custom blend.The table on the next page will help you select forage species for ablend by indicating the compatibility of the various species together.More information on the characteristics of the various species can befound on pages 22 to 25 and 30 to 35.Forage Blends

Custom Forage BlendsUse the table below to help select compatibility species for your Custom Blend.Blend Compatibility Chart= Recommended for blending = Can be blended = Not recommended for blendingAlfalfaAlsike CloverAnnual ryegrassBirdsfoot TrefoilCicer MilkvetchCreeping Red FescueCrested WheatgrassDahurian WildryeDouble Cut Red CloverHybrid BromegrassIntermediate WheatgrassItalian ryegrass12SpeciesAlfalfaAlsike CloverAnnual RyegrassBirdsfoot TrefoilCicer MilkvetchCreeping Red FescueCrested WheatgrassDahurian WildryeDouble Cut Red CloverHybrid BromegrassIntermediate WheatgrassItalian RyegrassKentucky BluegrassMeadow BromegrassMeadow FescueOrchardgrassPerennial RyegrassRed CloverReed CanarygrassRussian WildryeSainfoinSmooth BromegrassTall FescueTall WheatgrassTimothyWhite CloverYellow Blossom Sweet Clover

Kentucky BluegrassMeadow BromegrassMeadow FescueOrchardgrassPerennial RyegrassRed CloverReed CanarygrassRussian WildryeSainfoinSmooth BromegrassTall FescueTall WheatgrassTimothyWhite CloverYellow BlossomSweet Clover13Not all speciesare compatiblewith each other,while othercombinationsare suitable orrecommendedfor blending.Use thecompatibilitychart todeterminewhich specieswill benefiteach other in acustom blend.

Stock Forage BlendsStock Blend SelectorFollow the stock blend selector below to find the blend that is best suited forthe soil and environmental conditions on your farm that will achieve your forageproduction goals.Factors to ConsiderIntendedUse of StandPrimary useof standHay/Dairy QualityHigh TonnageHay/BeefQualityManagementsystem/intensityMulti-CutMulti-CutSingle Cut14Component mixPrimarilyAlfalfaPrimarilyAlfalfaPrimarilyGrassPrimarilyGrassMoistureconditionsAdequateto GoodAdequateto GoodAdequateto GoodDryVery DryConditionBlendrecommendation#2Hybri-PowerBlend#1 SuperHay#5 SuperPastureHay#4 SuperHaymaker#3 DrylandHaySee page 14 for moreinformation on the stockblends and their compositions.#4 SuperHaymaker#3 DrylandHay

PastureRotationalGrazingContinuousGrazingIncludesAlfalfaBloat SafeNoLegumesIncludesAlfalfaBloat SafeNoLegumes15Low toAdequateAdequateAdequateto GoodAdequateto GoodAdequateto GoodAdequate Adequate Adequate#6 SuperPasture#6 SuperPasture#8ParklandPasture#7 BloatSafe#15GrasslandBlend#8ParklandPasture#7 BloatSafe#15GrasslandBlend#9 DrylandPasture#13 AllPurposePasture#14Cattleman’sChoice#13 AllPurposePasture#13 AllPurposePasture#14Cattleman’sChoice#14Cattleman’sChoiceLand conditions, such as being saline or flood prone, will impact your choice ofblends. Thus, use the flow chart below to help select an appropriate stock blend:Special SoilConditionSalineFloodProne#10Saline#11Lowland

Stock Blend DescriptionsBrettYoung offers a wide variety of stock blends suitable for most production areas.The Selector on the previous page recommended a blend or two that fits the intendeduse of the stand, how intensely the stand will be managed, desired componentsand moisture conditions. This page provides more details on the blends and thecomponent within each blend.16Hay Blends#1 Super HayExcellent 2 cut alfalfa/grass mix• 65% Alfalfa Blend 2220• 25% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 10% Promesse Timothy#2 Hybri-Power BlendMaximum tonnage and protein withaggressive regrowth• 90% HybriForce-400• 10% Promesse Timothy#3 Dryland HayAggressive growth in thedryland regions• 40% Kirk Crested Wheatgrass• 40% Carlton Smooth Bromegrass• 20% Spyder Alfalfa#4 Super Haymaker (New Components)Ideal for 1 or 2 cut systems acrossmost production areas• 75% Alfalfa 2220 Blend• 25% Hybrid Bromegrass#5 Super Pasture HayQuick dry down time in a swath• 50% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 35% Glacier Brand Orchardgrass• 10% Promesse Timothy• 5% Alfalfa 2220 BlendMiscellaneous Blends#10 SalineQuick establishment in saline areaswith good longevity, helps reclaimsaline areas over time• 10% Alfalfa• 25% Slender Wheatgrass• 25% Riding Brand Tall Fescue• 20% Tall Wheatgrass• 10% Dahurian Wildrye• 10% Yellow Blossom Sweet Clover#11 LowlandExcellent blend to reclaim areasprone to flooding, aggressive rootsystems will help utilize moisture• 30% Rival Reed Canarygrass• 20% Riding Brand Tall Fescue• 20% Promesse Timothy• 15% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue• 15% Aurora Alsike Clover#12 Horse PastureEasy to establish, low maintenanceblend, excellent for acreages,farm yards, high traffic areas andhorse pastures• 20% Promesse Timothy• 50% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue• 10% Troy Kentucky Bluegrass• 5% White Clover• 15% Aubade Annual Ryegrass

Pasture blends#6 Super PastureExcellent early spring pasture,produces well under stress• 50% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 25% Parkland/Fairway CrestedWheatgrass• 15% Kokanee Tall Fescue• 10% Survivor Alfalfa#9 Dryland PastureLong-lived productive pasture blendfor very dry areas• 50% Parkland/Fairway CrestedWheatgrass• 35% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 10% Tom Russian Wildrye• 5% Spyder Alfalfa#14 Cattleman’s ChoiceHigh protein pasture with superbregrowth, quick to establish• 40% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 20% Kokanee Tall Fescue• 20% Survivor Alfalfa• 20% Glacier Brand Orchardgrass#7 Bloat SafeIncreased quality with no risk of bloat• 45% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 30% AC Oxley Cicer Milkvetch• 20% Kokanee Tall Fescue• 5% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue#8 Parkland PastureHigh yielding pasture, works wellin high traffic areas and aggressivegrazing systems• 50% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 25% Glacier Brand Orchardgrass• 10% Survivor Alfalfa• 10% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue• 5% Troy Kentucky Bluegrass#13 All Purpose PastureWidely adapted for most pastureneeds with easy establishment andquality regrowth• 55% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 20% Kokanee Tall Fescue• 20% Intermediate Wheatgrass• 5% Spyder Alfalfa#15 Grassland BlendMaximize regrowth and quality withno risk of bloat, suitable for variabletopography areas• 30% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass• 20% Kokanee Tall Fescue• 20% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue• 20% Glacier Brand Orchardgrass• 10% Promesse Timothy17

Industry Leading AlfalfasAlfalfa is a profitable forage crop choice across Western Canada.BrettYoung is strongly focused on alfalfa, with a commitment to quality,productivity and innovation. We have always offered several distinctivealfalfa varieties to best meet the growing and soil conditions on yourfarm, and this year we are pleased to launch 4 new alfalfa varieties.New varieties for 2012Alfalfan HybriForce-2410 (hybrid)n 4020 MF (multifoliate)n 4010 BR (branch rooted)n 3010 (deep set crown)Clovern Wildcat Double Cut Red CloverAlfalfa & Legumes

Alfalfa & LegumesAlfalfa Variety SelectorFollow the alfalfa variety selector below to find the variety that is best suited forthe soil and environmental conditions on your farm that will achieve your forageproduction goals.Factors to ConsiderPrimary useof standHay/HaylageManagementsystem/intensityMulti-CutSingle Cut20Stand/production goalTypical moistureconditionsAdequateMaximumYieldHigh WaterTableHigh Quality(multifoliate)Long-TermStandLong-TermStandVariable Adequate Dry DryVarietyrecommendationHybriForce-24104010 BRBlend22204020 MFACCaribouSpyderNEWNEWNEWHybriForce-400Magnum3801 WetConceptBlend 2220 Composition

For detailed descriptions and features of all alfalfa varieties see page 22 and 23.IntendedUse ofAlfalfa StandPastureContinuousGrazingManagedGrazingLong-TermStandLong-TermStandWithstandHigh TrafficDryModerateto GoodDryHigh WaterTableVariableAdequate21Spyder Survivor SpyderMagnum3801 WetBlend22203010NEW3010SurvivorNEW

Alfalfa & Legume Portfolio22Group IntendedUseAlfalfaHayHay & PastureSpeciesAlfalfaNEW NEWNEWNEWVarietyRootingHabit4020 MF Taproot4010 BRBranchrootedPlant TypePreferred GrowingConditionsKey Features• High multifoliate expressionUprightMultifoliate Widely adapted • Fast recovery• Very good winter hardinessUprightAC Caribou Tap UprightWidely adapted;does well withhigher water tableWidely adapted;suited for longtermstandsBlend 2220 Mixed Upright Widely adaptedConcept(available inBlend 2220 only)HybriForce-2410TaprootTaprooted• Branch rooted to toleratewet soils• High forage yield• Very persistent• Highly resistant to majordiseases• Excellent winter hardiness• Fine stems• Blend of certified varieties• Widely adapted• High yield potential• Excellent winter hardiness• Disease resistance• High multifoliate expressionUprightMultifoliate Widely adapted • Excellent stand persistence• Very good winter hardinessUprighthybridHybriForce-400 Tap UprightMagnum 3801Wet3010SpyderSurvivorBranchrootedDeep setcrownCreepingrootedDeep setcrownUprightUprightUprightUprightWidely adapted;top yield and qualityWidely adapted;top yield and qualityWidely adapted;does well withhigher water tableWidely adapted;suitable to pastureproductionDrier regionsPasture production• Highest forage yieldpotential• Rapid recovery• Excellent disease resistance• Dense, persistent stands• Fine stems and high quality• Highest yield potential• Excellent vigour andrecovery• Excellent disease resistance• Very good winter hardiness• Branched rooted traitmakes it the best choiceon fields prone to highwater tables• Good regrowth• High disease resistance• High traffic tolerancedue to deep set crowns• High forage yield• Excellent diseaseresistance package• Excellent winter hardiness• Creeping rooted type• Very good regrowth• High yield potential• Improved toleranceto grazing• Improved traffic tolerance

Limitations• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageProductionPeriodSpring –FallWinterHardiness Drought Flooding OptimumPHVeryGoodGood Low 6.0–7.8Environmental TolerancesAcidity Alkalinity SalinityLow toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerateApprox.Seeds/lb225,000• Bloat hazardSpring –FallGood Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageSpring –FallGood Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainage• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageSpring –FallSpring –FallVeryGoodVeryGoodGood Low 6.0–7.8Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateLow toModerateModerateto HighModerateto HighLow toModerateLow toModerate225,000225,00023• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageSpring –FallGood Good Low 6.0-7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageSpring –FallGood Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000• Bloat hazardSpring –FallGood Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageSpring –FallGood Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageSpring –FallExcellent Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000• Bloat hazard• Needs gooddrainageSpring –FallExcellent Good Low 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateto HighLow toModerate225,000

Alfalfa & Legume PortfolioLegume Table (continued)Group IntendedUseSpeciesBirdsfootTrefoilVarietyLeoRootingHabitTap rootwithbranchesPlant TypeLowgrowingPreferred GrowingConditionsAdapted to areaswith higher moistureKey Features• Good winter hardiness• High flood tolerance• Bloat free legumeBloat Free LegumePastureCicerMilkvetchAC Oxley II Creeping UprightSainfoin Tap UprightWidely adapted;creeps best incoarser texturedsoilsWidely adapted towell drained soils• Widely adapted• Moderately tolerantto salinity• Ideal pasture legume• Bloat free legume• Good drought tolerance• Good to excellent winterhardiness• Good tolerance toalkaline soils• Bloat free legume24AlsikeCloverBranchedLowgrowingLow-lying moist areas• Tolerant to poorlydrained soils• Excellent winter hardiness• Flood tolerance 7–14 days• Fits shorter-term standsRedCloverDoubleCutJulietTap rootwithbranchesUprightBest suited to areaswith good moistureand good drainage;tolerates lowerpH soils• Superior forage yield• Excellent winter hardiness• High moisture toleranceNEWWildcatDoubleCut RedCloverWildcatTap rootwithbranchesUprightBest suited to areaswith good moistureand good drainage;tolerates lowerpH soils• Top yielding red clover• Excellent winter hardiness• High moisture toleranceCloverHay & PastureRedCloverSingleCutSweetClover(YellowBlossom)Tap rootwithbranchesUprightNorgold Tap UprightTapUprightBest suited to areaswith good moistureand good drainage;tolerates lowerpH soilsWidely adapted;very productiveon well drainedfertile soilsWidely adapted;very productiveon well drainedfertile soils• Excellent emergence• Tolerates acidic soils• Short-lived perennial• Low coumarin for reducedrisk of bleeding diseasesin cattle• Commonly used as a soilbuilder• Excellent winter hardiness• Widely used as agreen manure and soilimprovement crop• More heat and droughtresistant than alfalfa• Excellent source of nectarand pollen for beesPastureWhiteCloverRhizomatousLowgrowingPrefers heaviermoist soils• Low growing• Tolerant to close mowingand grazing

LimitationsProductionPeriodWinterHardiness Drought Flooding OptimumPHEnvironmental TolerancesAcidity Alkalinity SalinityApprox.Seeds/lb• Difficult toestablishSpring –FallModerateto GoodModerate High 6.2–6.5Moderateto HighModerateLow toModerate370,000• Difficult toestablishLate Spring– FallVeryHighModerateto HighLow 6.0–7.8Low toModerateModerateLow toModerate120,000• LimitedregrowthSpring –SummerGoodModerateto HighLow 6.0–7.8 Low Moderate Low 25,000• Bloat hazard• Risk forgrazinghorsesSpringGoodPoor toModerateModerateto High5.7–7.0 ModerateLow toModerateLow 680,00025• Bloat hazard• Short-lived Spring Moderate Low Moderate 5.5–7.5 Moderate Moderate Low 240,000• Bloat hazard• Short lived Spring Moderate Low Moderate 5.5-7.5 Moderate Moderate Low 240,000• Bloat hazard• Short-lived Spring ModerateLow toModerateModerate 5.5–7.5 Moderate Moderate Low 275,000• BiennialSpring ofsecond(biennial)GoodModerateto HighLow 6.5–7.5 Low Moderate Moderate 250,000• Biennial• Concernwithspoilageandcoumarincontent forfeedingcattleSpring ofsecond(biennial)GoodModerateto HighLow 6.5–7.5 Low Moderate Moderate 250,000• Bloat hazardSpring –FallGoodPoorLow toModerate5.5–7.0 Moderate Low Low 775,000

Alfalfa & Legume PortfolioSeed EnhancementsAs seedling establishment is such a critical factor for a profitable forage stand,BrettYoung makes sure your seed has every chance to succeed. Seed enhancementsare a way to help ensure a vigorous stand establishment.Ultracoat Ultracoat is a phosphate-based seed coating used to improve the performanceof our top forage products. All alfalfa varieties are treated with Ultracoat, as areAC Oxley II Cicer Milkvetch, Sainfoin and Hybrid Bromegrass. Ultracoat is optionalon Fleet Meadow Bromegrass and Carlton Smooth Bromegrass. Ultracoat varietiesinclude a fungicide application to help further enhance seedling survival.Benefits of Ultracoat • Helps with flowability and accurate seed placement• Nutrient coating helps with early seedling development• Improves visibility in the soil• Isolates user from seed treatments for increased safety26Ultracoat bromegrassUltracoat alfalfaPre-InoculationAll legumes except Leo Birdsfoot Trefoil and White Clover come pre-inoculated.

Winter Hardiness and Fall Dormancy inAlfalfa Variety SelectionSelecting the right alfalfa for your farm starts with understanding the relationshipbetween fall dormancy and winter hardiness of the variety you are considering andhow these factors relate to the environmental conditions and stand managementpractices. Alfalfa varieties vary in how quickly they go dormant in fall and also howwell they survive winter. The ratings for fall dormancy are on a 1–9 scale with 1being the most fall dormant and 9 being non-dormant varieties.Going into dormancy early tends to reduce regrowth in summer; therefore, a verydormant variety will have reduced yield potential. Less dormant varieties tendto have better regrowth and thus better yields in second and subsequent cuts.Typically the alfalfa varieties grown in Western Canada have a fall dormancy ratingin the 1–4 range.The more dormant varieties tend to be suited to 1 cut management. Varieties withfall dormancies in the 2–4 range tend to be suited to multiple cut systems. Manynew varieties in the dormancy range of 3–4 have significantly improved ratingsfor winter hardiness while still providing good fall growth. Breeders have carefullyselected varieties that have both very good winter hardiness and have higher falldormancy ratings. This results in varieties that maximize productivity while notsacrificing winter survival.27Variety Fall Dormancy Winter HardinessNew 4020 MF (multifoliate) 4 Very GoodNew 4010 BR (branch rooted) 4 Very GoodAC Caribou 2 ExcellentBlend 2220 3 Very GoodConcept 4 Very GoodNEW HybriForce-2410 4 Very GoodHybriForce-400 4 Very GoodMagnum 3801 Wet 3 Very GoodNEW 3010 (deep set crown) 3 Very GoodSpyder 1 ExcellentSurvivor 3 Excellent

Full Line of Forage GrassesImproved grass varieties are an important component of most hayand pasture stands. They add to the productivity, yield, quality andtiming of production of most mixtures. Grasses are core to a successfulgrazing operation and often are key components to a top hay blend.BrettYoung is continually working with variety developers to offer acomplete portfolio of improved varieties of all grass species to meetyour specific production needs.Selecting the right grass for your situation is critical to the successfulestablishment and management of your hay or pasture stands. Ourterritory managers are pleased to work with you to make the bestchoices for your specific needs. Our guide offers a number of toolsto help you learn more about each of the grass varieties and specieswe offer and where they fit the best.New Grass varieties for 2012GRASSESnBigfoot Hybrid Bromegrass• Widely adapted• Improved yield• Suited to hay and pasture blendsHome Grown. World Class.

Grass PortfolioGroupIntendedUseSpeciesVarietyRootingHabitPlant TypePreferred GrowingConditionsKey FeaturesAnnualPastureAnnualRyegrass Aubade BunchgrassItalianRyegrassFabioBunchgrassBasalBasalSoil of medium to highfertility with adequatemoistureSoil of medium to highfertility with adequatemoisture• Tetraploid type• Very leafy bunchgrass• Suitable for annual hayproduction in highmoisture areas• Tetraploid type• Fast growing leafy andhigh quality annual grass• High quality andpalatable feed• Requires high fertility30Brome GrassHay & PastureNEWHybridBromeMeadowBromeSmoothBromeCreepingRedFescueBigfootFleetCarltonBorealSlow sodformingBunchgrassAggressivesodformingSodformingBasal &ElongatingBasalElongatingBasalAdapted to a wide rangeof soils, especially loamsand sandy loamsWidely adapted; preferswell drained soilsWidely adaptedWidely adapted; doesbest in high rainfall areas• Combination of sod formingroots and basal leaves• Slower regrowth than meadowbromegrass but quicker thansmooth bromegrass• Excellent pasture variety• Widely adapted• Excellent regrowth• Excellent winter hardiness• Excellent winter hardiness• Aggressive sod forming roots• Slow regrowth• Widely adapted• Exhibits disease resistance• Does well on a wide range ofsoil types• Is most productive under highmoisture conditions• Tolerates close grazingand survives droughtFescuesMeadowFescueTallFescueKokaneeBunchgrassBunchgrassBasalBasalPrefers soils with goodmoisture and gooddrainageWidely adapted; doesbest on moist heavytextured soils• Basal leaf growth suitablefor grazing• Tolerant to acidity• Excellent heat anddrought tolerance• Endophyte free• Excellent seedling vigour• Moderate winter hardiness• Adapted to a variety ofsoil types

Environmental TolerancesLimitationsProductionPeriodWinterHardinessDrought Flooding OptimumPHAcidity Alkalinity SalinityApprox.Seeds/lb• Prone todroughtstressMid to LateSummer,FallAnnual Low High 5.5–7.5Moderateto HighLow toModerateLow toModerate220,000• Prone todroughtstressMid to LateSummer,FallAnnual Low High 5.5–7.5Moderateto HighLow toModerateLow toModerate220,000Spring– LateSummerGoodModerateto HighModerate 6.0–7.5 Moderate ModerateLow toModerate90,000• Poortoleranceto floodingEarlySpring– LateSummerGoodModerateto HighLow 6.0–7.5 Moderate ModerateLow toModerate90,00031• Consideredan invasivespecies inmany rangeareasMid Spring– MidSummerExcellentModerateto HighModerate 6.0–7.5 Moderate ModerateLow toModerate142,000• Lowproductionunder drierconditionsSpring –FallExcellentModerateto HighModerate 5.5–7.5Moderateto HighModerateLow toModerate375,000• Not alwayswinter hardySpring –FallFair toGoodModerateModerateto High5.5–6.5 Moderate Moderate Moderate 230,000• Not alwayswinter hardySpring –FallFair toGoodModerateModerateto High5.5–6.5 High ModerateModerateto High205,000

Grass PortfolioGrass Table (continued)Group IntendedUseSpecies Variety RootingHabitPlant TypePreferred GrowingConditionsKey FeaturesFescuesHay &PastureTallFescueRidingBrandBunchgrassBasalWidely adapted; doesbest on moist heavytextured soils• Excellent heat anddrought tolerance• Endophyte free• Excellent seedling vigour• Moderate winter hardiness• Adapted to a variety ofsoil typesCreepingFoxtailSodformingBasalAdapted to soils withcontinuous moisture• Excellent flood tolerance32MISCELLANEOUSPastureKentuckyBluegrassMeadowFoxtailPerennialRyegrassTroySodformingBunchgrassBunchgrassBasalBasalBasalDoes best on welldrained highlyproductive soilsPrefers cool conditionsand high water tablesMedium to high fertilitysoils with adequatemoisture• Long-lived• Highly palatable• Tolerance to flooding andclose grazing• Excellent flood tolerance• Very leafy bunchgrass• High quality forage• Susceptible to winterkill• Requires high fertilityReedCanarygrassRivalSodformingElongatingGrows well on poorlydrained soils proneto flooding• Low alkaloid variety• Can be subjected to temporaryflowing up to 8 weeks• Excellent winter hardinessorchardgrassTimothyHay & PastureOrchardgrassOrchardgrassTimothyACNordicGlacierBrandAuroraTimothy PromesseBunchgrassBunchgrassBunchgrassBunch-grassBasalBasalBasalBasalPrefers medium texturedwell drained soils withgood moisturePrefers medium texturedwell drained soils withgood moistureAdapted to cool, moistareas; good tolerance towaterlogged soilsAdapted to cool, moistareas; good toleranceto waterlogged soils• Excellent winter hardiness• Late maturity• Dense leafy production• Excellent winter hardiness• Quick regrowth• Well suited for hay exporters• Early maturity• Excellent lodging resistance• Excellent regrowth• Early maturity• Superior resistanceto lodging• High yields• Extremely leafy

Environmental TolerancesLimitationsProductionPeriodWinterHardinessDrought Flooding OptimumPHAcidity Alkalinity SalinityApprox.Seeds/lb• Not alwayswinter hardySpring –FallFair toGoodModerateModerateto High5.5–6.5 High ModerateModerateto High205,000• Difficult tohandle seedSpring –FallVeryGoodPoor High 5.5–7.5Moderateto HighLowLow toModerate785,000• Does nottoleratedroughtSpring –FallExcellentLow toModerateModerate 5.5–7.5Low toModerateLow toModerateLow 2,100,000• Difficult tohandle seed• Verysusceptibleto winterkillingEarlySpring– FallMid to LateSummer,FallGood Low High 5.5–7.5Moderateto HighPoor Low Moderate 5.5–7.5 ModerateModerate Low 410,000Low toModerateLow toModerate240,00033• Not salinetolerantSpring –SummerGood Moderate Excellent 5.5–7.5 Moderate Moderate Low 535,000• Not alwayswinter hardySpring –FallGoodModerateLow toModerate6.0–7.5 Moderate LowLow toModerate425,000• Not alwayswinter hardySpring –FallFair toGoodModerateLow toModerate6.0–7.5 Moderate LowLow toModerate425,000• Not salineor droughttolerant• Nottolerant tocontinuousgrazing• Not salineor droughttolerant• Nottolerant tocontinuousgrazingSpring –SummerSpring –SummerGood Low High 5.6–7.3 High Low Low 1,150,000Good Low High 5.6–7.3 High Low Low 1,200,000

Grass PortfolioGrass Table (continued)Group IntendedUseSpecies Variety RootingHabitPlant TypePreferred GrowingConditionsKey FeaturesCrestedWheatgrass(FairwayType)FairwayBunchgrassBasalWidely adapted; doesbest in medium to coarsewell drained soils; doesbetter than Standardtypes under more moistconditions• Diploid type• Finer stemmed• Tolerates more moistureCrestedWheatgrass(StandardType)ACGoliathBunchgrassBasalWidely adapted; doesbest in medium to coarsewell drained soils• Tetraploid type• Higher yielding thanKirk Crested• Larger seed (25% heavier)• Tolerant to heavy grazingCrestedWheatgrass(Std.Type)KirkBunchgrassBasalWidely adapted; doesbest in medium to coarsewell drained soils• Tetraploid type• Suitable for hay or pasture34WheatgrassesIntermediateWheatgrassNorthernWheatgrassSlow sodformingSodformingElongatingElongatingWidely adapted; preferswell drained soils withadequate moisturePrefers dry medium tocoarse textured soils• Deep-feeding root system• Produces excellentpasture yields• Short-lived under intensive use• Cures well on stem; suitablefor late season orwinter pastureHay & PasturePubescentWheatgrassSlow sodformingSlenderWheatgrassBunchgrassElongatingElongatingWidely adapted; preferswell drained soils withadequate moistureAdapted to a wide rangeof soils; prefers welldrained loamy soils• Widely adapted• Moderately tolerant to salinity• Good in mixtures with alfalfa• Saline tolerant• Spring flood tolerantTallWheatgrassBunchgrassBasalAdapted to poorlydrained alkali soils;prefers a highwater table• Excellent winter hardiness• Good flood tolerance• Very tolerant to salinesoil conditionsWesternWheatgrassSodformingElongatingWidely adapted; prefersheavy soils• Drought tolerant• Saline tolerantAltaiWildryeBunchgrassBasalWide range of soils• Saline tolerant• Drought tolerantWildryeDahurianWildryeRussianWildryeJamesAC TomBunchgrassBunchgrassBasalBasalWidely adaptedbut short-livedWidely adapted; mostproductive on fertile loamsoils; most commonlyused in drier regions• Very vigorous seedlings• Used in hay & pasture mixesfor establishment• Excellent pasture grass, goodfor winter grazing• Good early growth• Salt tolerant• Excellent drought tolerancewhen established

Environmental TolerancesLimitationsProductionPeriodWinterHardinessDroughtToleranceFloodingToleranceOptimumPHAcidityToleranceAlkalinityToleranceSalinityToleranceApprox.Seeds/lb• Foragequalitydrops afterheadingEarlySpringExcellent Excellent Low 6.6–8.4 LowModerateto HighLow toModerate300,000• Foragequalitydrops afterheadingEarlySpringExcellent Excellent Low 6.6–8.4 LowModerateto HighLow toModerate195,000• Foragequalitydrops afterheadingEarlySpringExcellent Excellent Low 6.6–8.4 LowModerateto HighLow toModerate195,000• ShorterlivedunderintensiveuseLate Spring– MidSummerGoodModerateto HighLow 6.0–8.4 Low ModerateLow toModerate80,00035Mid Spring– MidSummerGood Very High Moderate 6.6–8.4Low toModerateModerateto HighModerate 145,000• ShorterlivedunderintensivegrazingSpring –SummerGoodModerateto HighLow 6.0–8.4 Low ModerateLow toModerate80,000• Short-livedperennialMid Spring– SummerGood Moderate Moderate 6.6–8.4Low toModerateModerateto HighHigh 135,000• LowerpalatabilityLate Spring– MidSummerExcellentHighModerateto High6.6–8.4Low toModerateHigh Very High 75,000Spring –FallExcellentModerateto HighModerateto High6.6–8.4Low toModerateModerateto HighHigh 115,000• PoorseedlingvigourEarlySpring– MidSummerVeryGoodVery High Low 6.6–8.4Low toModerateModerateto HighHigh 50,000• Short-livedperennialSpring –FallGood Moderate Low 6.0–8.4 Low Moderate High 80,000• PoorseedlingvigourEarlySpring– MidSummerExcellent Very High Low 6.6–8.4Low toModerateModerateto HighHigh 150,000

BrettYoung is pleased to bringthe Elite brand of corn varietiesto Western CanadaElite, based in Quebec, prides itself on delivering varieties tailored tothe needs of farmers and has demonstrated this commitment throughits continued investments in crop production research at its ResearchCentre in Quebec as well as in Western Canada trials. Its corn hybridselections are done in a climatic zone with heat units similar to WesternCanadian conditions. Selected hybrids are then evaluated underWestern Canadian conditions prior to making final variety selectionsthat we will offer.CORNNew Corn varieties for 2012nnnEdge R – early maturing silage varietyE50G27 R – high yielding 2350 CHU grain hybridE50B12 R – grain hybrid with quick dry downHome Grown. World Class.

EliteCornBrettYoung is pleased to bring the Elite brand of corn varieties to Western Canada.HybridTraitSILAGE (CHU)INITIAL GROWTHSILKING (CHU)PLANT HEIGHTEAR COVERAGEEAR FLEXIBILITY# of Rows# of Kernels/RowNEL38Silage/Grazing Corn VarietiesNEWEdgeRFusionRR20T18RRRR2 2150 8 1240 T 5 5 14 35 8RR2 2200 9 1230 T 6 9 14 34 8RR2YGCB2250 9 1240 T 6 9 14 34 8Tundra RR2 2300 7 1300 T 7 5 14 38 8MuranoRRRR2 2550 9 1400 VT 5 7 16 36 9Ratings: 9 = excellent; 5 = average; 1 = poor, N/A = not applicableSee page 44 for a full explanation of terms.Traits:RR2 = RoundupReady ® Corn 2YGCB = YieldGard ®Corn BorerVT2Pro = Genuity ®VT Double ProGENSS = Genuity ®SmartStax TM

GRAIN TYPEDigestibilitySTALKCORN BORERFUSARIUMmilk/acreCommentsSD 8 8 N/A N/A 8Edge R is a high tonnage variety for growers looking for earlymaturing silage. In addition to excellent digestibility, Edge R hasshown high ratings for net energy and plant health.SF 8 8 7 8 8Fusion RR is a top yielding silage corn that is widely adapted for useacross Western Canada. It offers great feed quality and top yields.SF 8 7 BT 8 920T18 has a high grain yield potential but is often used for silage inWestern Canada. It has a semi-flinted kernel and is well adapted tocooler growing conditions.39D 9 9 8 N/A 8Tundra RR is well adapted to Western Canada’s fall and winterseasons as it maintains a high forage quality during the grazingseason and offers very good stalk strength required for grazing.SF 8 8 7 8 8Murano RR offers great spring vigour, standability and energycontent. It is a high yielding silage hybrid best suited for the higherheat units zones (2550 CHU) of Western Canada.

EliteCornCorn is an excellent feed source for livestock producers who seek an economical feedwith both high tonnage production and high net energy. Corn, whether used as silage orgrazed through the winter, has increased the profitability of many livestock producers inWestern Canada. The Elite corn lineup is especially suited to maximizing the feed valueof your production acre. The silage and grazing hybrids are all high tonnage varieties withlots of leaf mass, large cob size and great feed value.Ensiling Your Corn at the Right TimeIt is essential to monitor the crop maturity and moisture content in order to ensile at theproper time and ensure maximum energy and good fermentation.When the corn is ensiled above 70% moisture, it has probably been harvested too early.This will result in a loss of nutrients due to seepage from the silo and also result in anundesirable clostridia fermentation.40Harvesting corn silage too dry will result in poor packing, inadequate air exclusion, poorfermentation and heating. This means higher dry matter losses, greater spoilage andpoor bunk life as the crop is exposed to yeasts and molds. Lower moisture silage meansa lower starch and fibre digestibility. Kernels that are hard can pass through the cowundigested, although using a processor or chopping finer can partially compensate.Fibre digestibility has been found to decrease by over 10% as moisture decreases from70% to 58%.Table 1 – Recommended moisture contents for corn silagestored in various types of silosSilo typeRecommended moisture contentof the entire plant (%)Upright concrete stave silos 62 – 67 %Upright “oxygen-limiting” silos 50 – 60 %Horizontal bunker silos 65 – 70 %Bag silos 60 – 70 %Table 2 – Moisture at harvest% moistureof entire plantGrain stage.70 – 80 70 – 75 65 – 70 Less than 65Milk stage.Grain is easyto crush.Liquid comesout of thegrain.Dough stage.Easy to crush.No liquidcomes out ofthe grain.Hard doughstage. Difficultto scratch withthe nail.Vitreous.Doesn’tscratch withthe nail.The maturity line of the grain is indicative of the entire plant moisture, although therewill be variability for individual hybrids and different years. Nevertheless, the maturityline method is a good indicator to start testing plant moisture except if there has beena killing frost. Another quick method to determine the harvest stage is to twist the stemof the corn plant just under the cob node. If almost no water comes out of the stem, thecorn is ready to ensile. If the whole plant moisture allows it, it would be preferable toharvest before a frost occurs to minimize nutritional loss.

Figure 1 – Cross section of the tip half of a corn cobshowing milk line progression of the kernelSolid endosperm(starch)Milk lineLiquid endosperm(milk)GlumesThis cross section of the tip half of a corn cobshows the kernel’s milk line progression.Milk line is the interface between the liquid and solid portion of the kernel (seeFigure 1). The milk line does not appear until the corn is at the dent stage ofmaturity. Some hybrids, like the flinted ones, do not show the milk line as readily asothers and the kernel may have to be cut lengthwise to determine the location. Asthe corn silage matures, the milk line moves down the kernel and plant compositionand energy values will change. The traditional recommendation has been to harvestwhen the milk line is ½ to 2 ∕3 the kernel, but there can be considerable variationin the percent kernel milk line and the moisture content of the whole plant. TheUniversity of Wisconsin has shown a range in whole plant moisture at ½ milk line ofbetween 52% to 72% moisture with an average of 63%.41Figure 2 – Kernel milk line (maturity) showing expected yieldsThe kernel milk line (maturity) shows expected yields.Recoverable Dry Matter %100959085807570Losses fromimmaturityand seepagefrom siloOptimumharvestrangeField lossesand inadequatemoisture forgood ensilingAdapted from Crop and Soils Magazine75 70 65 60 55 50 45Whole Plant Moisture %Frosted CornCorn plants that have been frosted prior to harvest will likely lose some feedvalue as the digestibility of dry matter, energy and protein are normally reduced.Harvesting the crop as soon as possible after the frost can minimize thesereductions. If the frost reduces the amount of moisture in the crop below optimumlevels, packing the corn silage during harvest may be more difficult and storagelosses may increase. Chopping the corn to a shorter length and the addition ofwater should be considered.Sources: J.W. Schroeder, NDSU; Joel Bagg, OMAFRA; Greg Stewart, OMAFRA; Tom Wright, OMAFRA.

EliteCornHybridTRAITGRAIN (CHU)RELATIVE MATURITYREFUGE (%)GRAIN TYPEINITIAL GROWTHSEEDLING COLOURSILKING (CHU)PLANT HEIGHTEAR COVERAGEEAR FLEXIBILITY# OF ROWSconditions# OF KERNELS/ROWTEST WEIGHTYIELD UNDER DIFFICULT42Dual Purpose Varieties (Grain and Silage/Grazing)NEWNEW12E25 2100 75 N/A F 9 P 1170 MT 4 530A27RR91B17RR91B18RR20T47RRE50G27R20T18RRE50B12R75H20FLR12-1431 9 8RR2 2150 76 N/A SD 9 M 1150 S 5 6 14 35 7 7RR2 2200 77 N/A F 9 D 1200 MT 6 7RR2YGCB 2250 78 20 F 9 D 1220 MT 6 7 14-1614-1634 9 834 9 8RR2 2350 79 N/A D 8 M 1300 T 6 7 14 36 7 8RR2 2350 79 N/A D 8 M 1300 T 6 3RR2YGCB14-1635 8 72400 80 20 SF 9 D 1240 T 6 9 14 34 8 7RR2VT2Pro 2400 80 5 D 6 D N/A T 6 3 14-1635 8 7GENSS 2475 82 5 D 8 D 1300 T 7 6 14 34 8 7Ratings: 9 = excellent; 5 = average; 1 = poor, N/A = not applicableSee page 44 for a full explanation of terms.

Dry downROOTSTALKCANNIBALIZATIONCORN BOREREAR ROTRUSTEYESPOT (BROWN SPOT)DROUGHTSUHERBICIDEHORMONE-TYPEComments5 8 8 6 6 6 8 9 8 T S8 7 8 9 7 9 8 8 8 N/A S12E25 is a very early maturing conventional hybrid forshorter growing seasons.30A27 has a semi-dented grain with quick dry down andlow heat unit requirements. This makes it well adapted toearly regions where initial growth is a success factor.6 8 8 7 7 7 8 9 8 T W91B17 offers the yield potential of the 20T series with goodstandability allowing it to be harvested later and stage yourharvest timing.6 8 8 7 BT 7 8 9 8 T W Same as 91B17 above except with the BT trait added.438 7 9 8 8 8 8 8 N/A N/A S7 8 8 9 N/A 8 8 8 8 T N/A7 8 7 6 BT 8 8 9 9 T S20T47 is a relatively new dented corn variety with the yieldpotential of 20T18 but a faster dry down.E50G27 R is a new grain hybrid that provides high yieldsand good dry down. E50G27 R will be commercializedwith glyphosate resistance and can be used in areaswithout extensive corn borer pressure or as a refuge.20T18 offers a high grain yield potential but is also often usedfor silage in Western Canada. It has a semi-flinted kernel andis well adapted to cooler growing conditions.E50B12 R is a new grain hybrid that provides high yields9 8 7 N/A VT2Pro N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A and test weights combined with fast dry down. E50B12 Ris a nice step forward for growers who demand both yieldand dry down in potentially challenging Manitoba harvests.9 8 8 8 BT 8 8 7 N/A N/A N/AA dark yellow dented grain, exceptional dry down andexcellent test weight make 75H20 FLR a top variety inlate maturity zones. Its SmartStax TM trait gives it increasedprotection against eight different insects and allows flexibleweed control with Liberty or a glyphosate.

44Cannibalization:CHU:Corn Borer:Digestibility:Dry down:Ear Coverage:Ear Flexibility:Energy:Grain Type:Hormone-typeHerbicides:EliteCornGlossary of TermsTolerance to stalk cannibalizationindicates a corn hybrid’s capacitynot to exhaust its stalk reserveswhen it lacks nitrogen during a longseason. Cannibalization empties theinside of stalks, resulting in greatervulnerability to lodging.Corn heat units.A higher rating indicates a greaternatural tolerance to corn borers. BThybrids are protected against cornborers by the BT gene.A higher digestibility indicates lowerlignin (non-digestible fibre) andNDF content.Hybrids of similar maturity arecompared according to theirmoisture loss during in-field drying.A rating of 1 indicates a slow dryingrate, while 9 indicates a very rapiddrying rate.A rating of 9 indicates that thehusks are longer than the ears.Refers to an ear’s ability to growlonger at a lower population or ahybrid’s ability to increase its yieldunder favourable conditions.The higher the rating the greaterthe net energy for lactation.VF = Very FlintedF = FlintedSF = Semi-flintedVD = Very DentedD = DentedSD = Semi-dentedThese include Banvel, Oracleand members of the phenoxyfamily, either individually or inpreconditioned mixtures. Hybridsmay have stalk breakage.Initial Growth: Ratings are set during the 3 to 5leaf stage.Milk/acre: Milk yield per acre based on 100%dry matter.NEL:Net energy lacation.Plant Height: S = ShortMS = Medium/ShortM = MediumMT = Medium/TallT = TallVT = Very TallRefuge %: See next page on InsectResistance Management.Relative In the absence of an industryMaturity: standardized maturity rating,relative maturity can be used tocompare hybrids of similar maturityand moisture at harvest. An earlymaturing variety will have a lowernumber while later maturing varietieswill have a higher number.Root:A higher rate indicates greaterroot strength.Seedling Colour: D = dark greenM = medium greenP = purple green or purpleStalk Strength: The quality of a stalk refers to itsresistance to lodging due to factorssuch as stalk rot. A higher ratingindicates greater stalk quality.SU:Sulfonylureas, including Accent,Ultim, Option and Summit, eitherindividually or in preconditionedmixtures. Some of these herbicideshave restrictions on their labelsregarding hybrids with a maturity ofless than 2500 CHU.Test Weight: A higher rating indicates a highertest weight.Yield Under A higher rating reflects the hybrid’sDifficult capacity to produce adequate yieldsConditions: under difficult conditions, such asa colder season, compaction, or afield with a lower yield potential.WST= warning= sensitive= tolerant

Insect Resistance Management 2012• Producers who plant Bt corn are required to create refuges on their farms.• Depending on the technology being used, refuges must be at least 20% or 5%.• Bt seeds and non-Bt seeds (refuge) should not be mixed in order to avoidresistance risks.• The refuge corn and the Bt corn must be of similar maturity.20% refugeInstructions for hybrids with YieldGard ® Corn Borer or Herculex ® I corn borerprotection, YieldGard VT Triple ® , Agrisure ® CB/LL and Agrisure ® GT/CB/LL.• A non-Bt refuge of at least 20%. The refuge can form a block inside a Bt cornfield or be located along the perimeter.• For a refuge sown in strips, the strips should have at least 4 rows.• The refuge must be sown less than 400 meters from the Bt corn with cornborer protection in the case of YieldGard ® Corn Borer, Herculex ® I, Agrisure ®CB/LL and Agrisure ® GT/CB/LL.• Use of an anti-corn-borer insecticide inside the refuge is prohibited.• A log of hybrids sown in the different fields must be kept.Refuge instructions for YieldGard VT Triple ® corn• The refuge must be adjacent to or inside the YieldGard VT Triple ® corn field.The two can be separated by a ditch or road but not by another field.• The refuge can be treated against corn rootworm larvae and other pests byapplying insecticide to the soil and/or seeds.• YieldGard VT Triple ® corn fields and the refuge must belong to or becultivated by the same producer.• If adjacent fields are used, the YieldGard VT Triple ® corn fields and the refugeshould have the same cropping histories.5% refugeInstructions for Genuity ® SmartStax TM and Genuity ® VT Double Pro TM hybridsInstructions for Genuity ® SmartStax TM corn are the same as for YieldGard VT Triple ®hybrids, except for two points:• the non-Bt refuge must be at least 5%;• in a refuge sown in strips, the strips should have at least 2 rows.Instructions for Genuity ® VT Double Pro TM corn are the same as for YieldGard ® CornBorer and Herculex ® I, except for the following point:• the non-Bt refuge must be at least 5%.Visit www.brettyoung.ca for detailed information on how to incorporate refuge intoyour Bt corn fields.

Economic Benefit of Seed ProductionSeed production can be a very profitable part of your rotation.Compared to most cereal crop options, turf grass seed production hasan excellent profitability track record. The average contribution marginearned on perennial ryegrass seed production versus hard red springwheat was 33% higher and versus oats was 37% higher.AVERAGE CONTRIBUTION MARGIN/ ACREContribution Margin ($/acre) *200150100500$190.00PerennialRyegrass$143.60Hard RedSpring Wheat$138.63OatsContribution margin per acre calculated based on:• Average prices 2006 through 2009.• Average yields as reported by producers to Manitoba Agricultural ServicesCorporation.• Variable costs (seed, fertilizer, crop protection, fuel, machinery operating andinsurance) of $190/acre for perennial ryegrass, $160 for hard red spring wheatand $115 for oats.* Note: Estimated contribution margins are approximate and are not meant forbudgeting purposes.PRoducing SeedSeed Grower Partnership ProgramThe Seed Grower Partnership Program is only available to growers who produce forageand/or turf seed for BrettYoung. The Program offers preferential pricing on our canola,forage, soybean and corn seed, as well as BioBoost Liquid. For more information on thisProgram, talk to your BrettYoung Sales Agronomist.

Producing Seed for BrettYoungOur goal is to build long-lasting partnerships with our seed producers and useour market knowledge and global contacts, built over 75 years, to bring forageand turf seed production opportunities to Western Canadian farmers. Many of ourseed producers have found growing forage and turf seed to be an attractive andprofitable alternative to traditional crops. We are very proud of the relationships wehave built with our seed producers. To our current and past seed producer partners,thank you for your hard work and commitment to producing quality seed.If you are interested in becoming a BrettYoung seed producer, please contact oneof our Sales Agronomists listed on the next page — we would like an opportunity tobuild a long-term, financially beneficial partnership with you.Agronomy Services48Contracting with BrettYoung means one of our agronomists is there every stepof the way to help you get the most out of your seed production fields. With thesupport of our Sales Agronomists, yields of perennial ryegrass have increased 50%since 2002 and efforts are being made to continue to improve crop yields andquality. In fact, an initiative is underway to identify and promote specific practicesthat promote consistently higher yields of BrettYoung’s major production species.BrettYoung’s agronomists will help you with the entire production cycle. Some of theservices you can expect are in the chart below.Planning• Scouting and selection of production fields• Selection of proper production species• Recommendation on expected production practices• Communication of contract termsCrop Delivery• Communication of delivery schedule• Communication of crop quality analysis• Communication of grower paymentsSeeding & Crop Development• Delivery of seed stock• Multiple field scouting visits• Fertility recommendations• Herbicide and fungicide recommendationsHarvest• Available for recommendations on harvest timing• Available for recommendations on equipment settings• Crop samples taken• Post-harvest recommendations

Benefits of Seed ProductionAgronomic Benefits of Turf Seed Production• Early harvest splits up fall workload• Increases organic matter, helps improve less productive or questionable soils• Some species have tolerance to salinity, alkalinity and acidityAgronomic tip – turf crops are high moisture and nitrogen users. Many producershave had success following turf crops with soybeans or peas.Agronomic Benefits of Legume Seed Production• Improves soil tilth• Low input user• Nitrogen fixationBrettYoung Sales AgronomistsTo learn more about producing seed for BrettYoung contact your localSales Agronomist listed below.49Manitoba–East & InterlakeAllan WilsonC: 204-294-6547E: allan.wilson@brettyoung.caManitoba–North CentralScott DavieC: 204-212-1025E: scott.davie@brettyoung.caManitoba–South/Saskatchewan–SoutheastDale ZiprickC: 204-230-7697E: dale.ziprick@brettyoung.caManitoba–North/SaskatchewanAlberta–Central & SouthJason HendersonC: 204-294-6571E: jason.henderson@brettyoung.caAlberta–Peace River East/British ColumbiaTodd SmithGeneral Manager, RycroftC: 780-518-3867E: todd.smith@brettyoung.caAlberta–Peace River WestTom LawrenceC: 780-518-8208E: tom.lawrence@brettyoung.caJoe ChartrandC: 204-212-0226E: joe.chartrand@brettyoung.ca

Forage GuaranteeEven after taking care to properly seed and establish your new forage stand,weather does not always cooperate. BrettYoung offers a Forage Guarantee onpremium products that will cover 100% or 65% of the cost of the seed needed ifthere is an establishment failure, depending on when you enrol in the program andorder seed.Program Eligibility CriteriaTo be eligible for the program the following criteria must be met:• Order seed and enrol in program by March 31, 2012 and be eligible for100% replacement of seed to reseed in cases of an establishment failure.• Enrol in program by April 30, 2012 and be eligible for 65% replacementof the seed to reseed in cases of an establishment failure. Stand must beplanted by June 30, 2012.• Products or blend components used must qualify for the program.• Must fulfill Agronomic Requirements as outlined in full program.See your retailer for full details.Program Limitations52• Replacement seed under the Forage Guarantee is provided only once for thearea of the stand that failed to establish and must be seeded in that area.• Replacement seed will be of the same variety or mixture as originallypurchased, subject to availability.• Replacement seed must be planted in the original year of seeding or in thespring of the following year.• Good agronomic seeding preparation and stand establishment practicesmust be followed and documented as outlined on pages 5 to 6.Key Dates• March 31, 2012 – deadline to order seed and enrol in the program tobe eligible for 100% coverage.• April 30, 2012 - deadline to enrol in the program to be eligible for65% coverage• June 30, 2012 – seeding deadline on eligible forage stands• August 31, 2012 – deadline to notify BrettYoung Regional Account Managerof stand establishment concernContact your BrettYoung Regional Account Manager for more information.

Regional account Managers1098652743112345MB – EastDarrell McElroyC: 204-293-4897E: darrell.mcelroy@brettyoung.caMB – Northwest/SK – NortheastChad AbramsC: 204-648-4322E: chad.abrams@brettyoung.caMB – Southwest/SK – SoutheastJeremy JonesC: 306-230-4387E: jeremy.jones@brettyoung.caSales Manager Eastern RegionSK – CentralAl VanCaeseeleT: 306-695-2994C: 306-660-7763E: allan.vancaeseele@brettyoung.caSK – North CentralVacant at time of printingContact 800-665-5015678910Sales Manager Western RegionAB – Northeast/SK – NorthwestWayne TynerSales Manager Western RegionT: 780-846-2339C: 306-821-7075E: wayne.tyner@brettyoung.caAB – South/SK – SouthwestEric ComteT: 866-474-3488C: 403-715-5026E: eric.comte@brettyoung.caAB – CentralBob HiebertT: 877-998-6609C: 403-607-2907E: bob.hiebert@brettyoung.caAB – North CentralKristin KueberC: 780-886-0799E: kristin.kueber@brettyoung.caAB/BC – Peace RiverTim McGrathC: 780-536-7703E: tim.mcgrath@brettyoung.caV.P. Retail SalesDan MulderT: 204-992-7129C: 204-292-8285E: dan.mulder@brettyoung.caAgronomic & RegulatoryServices ManagerRene MabonT: 204-478-2240C: 204-228-2122E: rene.mabon@brettyoung.caContact BrettYoungtoll-free at 800-665-5015brettyoung.caBrettYoung TM is a trademark of BrettYoung Seeds Limited. HybriForce alfalfas are products of Dairyland Seed’s exclusively patented msSunstra ® Hybrid AlfalfaTechnology. Elite ® is a registered trademark of La Coop fédérée. All others are trademarks of their respective companies. 11031 09.11

800-665-5015 brettyoung.caContact your local ag-retailer orBrettYoung for more information.Home Grown. World Class.