Index 269student walkouts and, 26, 50, 52,55 – 57, 66Service-sector unions in L.A., 10 – 11Shore, Elena, 31Short messaging service (SMS), 26 – 27,40 – 41Silicon Valley, 49. See also FWD.usSilver, Marc, 49Sit-ins, 42, 129 – 130, 135, 151Sitrin, Marina, 6SMS (short messaging service), 26 – 27,40 – 41Snowden, Edward, 108, 193SNS (social networking sites), 26, 32, 40,50, 54, 58 – 59. See also specific socialnetworking sitesSocial media. See also specific socialnetworking sitesamplification of voices and, 43corporations in context of, 8, 194critique of, 42digital inequality and, 43DREAMers and, 41, 147immigrant rights movement and, 3,40 – 43mobile phones and, 41 – 42nonprofit organizations and, 58 – 59,81 – 83, 171 – 172overview of, 65, 182 – 183personal relationships betweenreporters and organizers and, 41political campaigns and, 40racism and, 55SNS and, 26, 32, 40, 50, 54, 58 – 59social movements, relations with, 7 – 9student walkouts and, 26, 40 – 41translocal media practices and, 93transmedia organizing and, 171 – 172vertical/top-down structure tensionwith, 6Social movement identityamplification of voices and, 83 – 84digital media literacy and, 109DREAMers and, 137, 139 – 142, 145,147 – 149, 151, 160immigrant rights movement and, 151,181, 183, 185media ecology and, 55transmedia organizing and, 5, 17, 50,66, 105Social movement media-makingamplification of voices and, 80 – 81commercial live-streaming sites and,42, 62, 89, 130cross-platform strategy and, 5, 8 – 9,225n35movement media archive, 211overview of, 5, 13, 195 – 196participatory media-making practicesand, 47, 81pathways to participation in contextof, 145, 147real-time audio streaming and, 89transmedia organizing and, 14, 47Social movement networkscommunication in context of, 3, 34,63horizontalism in context of, 6 – 7translocal media practices and, 90 – 91,94, 143 – 144transnational activist networks and, 3,9, 12, 32 – 33vertical/top-down structure tensionsand, 81, 172 – 173Social movements. See also Socialmovement networksaccountability to, 131, 138, 148, 156,158, 161 – 169, 174 – 178corporate media and, 30English-language media and, 21 – 22,74ICTs and, 8mass media and, 2, 5scholarship on, 4 – 5, 8, 141 – 142, 148,165, 183, 195social media and, 7 – 9
270 IndexSocial movements (cont.)Spanish-language media and, 22transformative actions and, 3 – 4transmedia organizing and, 5, 14, 47 – 50vertical/top-down structure and, 6, 47,50, 58 – 59Social networking sites (SNS), 26, 32,40, 50, 54, 58 – 59South Asian Network (SAN), 71Spanish-language mediacritique of, 33“ Day Without an Immigrant ” and,1 – 3, 24 – 25, 27, 31DREAMers and, 65immigrant rights movement and, 1,2 – 3, 31 – 34, 74MacArthur Park May Day and, 71media ownership and, 2, 21overview of, 32 – 33translocal citizenship and, 33 – 34“ Special registration ” program, forimmigrants, 22Spokespeople, professional, 27 – 28,64 – 65, 69 – 70, 74, 77 – 84, 186 – 187Sreberny, Annabelle, 9Srivastava, Lina, 14, 49Staggenborg, Suzanne, 165State, thecorporate media and, 21nonprofit organizations and, 77surveillance by, 21 – 22, 62, 108, 193State laws, and DREAM activism, 44,132, 134, 150Stickers, and student walkouts, 46STLs (Studio to Transmitter Links), 36Storytelling, 148 – 149, 156, 158 – 161,163. See also Digital storiesStreamingcommercial sites for live-, 42, 62, 89,130Internet-enabled distribution of radio,35 – 37, 99, 104, 112real-time audio, 89, 99Structural inequality, 43, 69, 108,174 – 176, 241n22Student walkouts. See also TransmediaorganizingAIM and, 54blogs and, 26California Proposition 187 and,55 – 56cross-platform strategy and, 26 – 27digital videos and, 52, 54, 57, 58face-to-face interactions and, 26 – 27films and, 56 – 58, 57fliers and stickers for, 25, 26 – 27, 46,50, 51, 52immigrant rights movement and, 26,55, 56media ecology and, 26 – 27mobile phones and, 54 – 55MySpace and, 25, 26 – 27, 40 – 41, 51,52 – 54, 53, 56 – 58, 234n12overview of, 14real-time communication and, 54 – 55Sensenbrenner bill and, 26, 50, 52,55 – 57, 66SMS and, 26 – 27, 40 – 41SNS and, 26, 54YouTube and, 26Studio to Transmitter Links (STLs), 36Surveillance, 8, 21 – 22, 62, 108, 193Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, 10Taking of the Media in Oaxaca, The(documentary film), 96Tarrow, Sydney, 55Taylor, Verta, 141Technophobia, 123Telecommunications Act of 1996, 2Tequio (“ community work for thebenefit of all ”), 94 – 95Tequio, El (magazine), 89, 122Text messaging. See Short messagingservice (SMS)Tilly, Charles, 55
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Out of the Shadows, Into the Street
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We are multitudes. No conocemos las
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ForewordManuel CastellsOver the las
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