Recent Advances <strong>in</strong> Fluid Mechanics, Heat & Mass Transfer and BiologyPlenary Lecture 1Disc<strong>us</strong>sion of the Problem on Design<strong>in</strong>g the Global Database for Different K<strong>in</strong>ds ofQuenchantsDr. Nikolai KobaskoIQ Technologies Inc, AkronUSA and Intensive Technologies LtdKyiv, Ukra<strong>in</strong>eE-mail: NKobasko@aol.comAbstract: To make computer simulations for heat treat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>d<strong>us</strong>try possible, especially model<strong>in</strong>g of the verycomplicated quench<strong>in</strong>g processes, there is need to have database for cool<strong>in</strong>g capacity of different k<strong>in</strong>ds ofquenchants. Unfortunately, there is no such database available for eng<strong>in</strong>eers and computer programmers. The threeteams <strong>in</strong> the world were organized to develop desired database. The US team <strong>us</strong>es standard Inconel 600 probe withthe one thermocouple at the core to measure cool<strong>in</strong>g capacity of the quenchants. The Japanese team <strong>us</strong>es silverprobes with the one thermocouple at the core to measure cool<strong>in</strong>g capacity of the quenchants. It is shown that Inconel600 probe can provide only with the effective heat transfer coefficients which can be <strong>us</strong>ed for core cool<strong>in</strong>g ratecalculations and are not suitable for temperature fields and residual stress distribution calculations <strong>in</strong> steel partsdur<strong>in</strong>g quench<strong>in</strong>g. Silver probes can be <strong>us</strong>ed to <strong>in</strong>vestigate heat transfer coefficients dur<strong>in</strong>g full film boil<strong>in</strong>g and tomeasure critical heat flux densities. Dur<strong>in</strong>g quench<strong>in</strong>g of real steel parts <strong>in</strong> cold water and water solutions film boil<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong> many cases is completely absent. That is why the heat transfer coefficient's data received by test<strong>in</strong>g silver probescannot be <strong>us</strong>ed for calculations temperature fields and residual stress distribution <strong>in</strong> real steel parts dur<strong>in</strong>g quench<strong>in</strong>gbeca<strong>us</strong>e silver probes create stable full film boil<strong>in</strong>g (due to very high thermal conductivity of silver) and <strong>in</strong> the sametime the film boil<strong>in</strong>g dur<strong>in</strong>g quench<strong>in</strong>g of real steel parts can be absent. So it is impossible to <strong>us</strong>e the film boil<strong>in</strong>g dataas the nucleate boil<strong>in</strong>g data and the nucleate boil<strong>in</strong>g data as the film boil<strong>in</strong>g data. To make generalization possible,the third International WSEAS team <strong>us</strong>es another approach (seewww.worldses.org/projects/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer.doc ). 1. First of all, the critical heat flux densities should bemeasured for different k<strong>in</strong>ds of quenchants. 2. The <strong>in</strong>itial heat flux densities dur<strong>in</strong>g immersion of steel parts <strong>in</strong>toquenchant should be calculated and compared with the critical heat flux densities. 3. The heat transfer coefficientshould be calculated on the basis of test<strong>in</strong>g Liscic probe and solv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>verse problem. This approach allowspredict<strong>in</strong>g the film or nucleat<strong>in</strong>g boil<strong>in</strong>g processes to correctly calculate temperature fields and residual stressdistribution. To disc<strong>us</strong>s widely the exist<strong>in</strong>g three approaches, the members of all three teams and eng<strong>in</strong>eers fromuniversities and big companies are <strong>in</strong>vited to participate <strong>in</strong> disc<strong>us</strong>sion of the problem at the WSEAS Conferences. Inthe plenary lecture the ma<strong>in</strong> achievements of the third team will be widely disc<strong>us</strong>sed to accelerate transition from highcostly technological processes to less costly technological processes, to <strong>in</strong>crease service life of steel parts and makeenvironment cleaner. There is need to put efforts of the three teams together and to have sponsors from the bigcompanies to further develop appropriate database for heat treat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>d<strong>us</strong>try.Brief Biography of the Speaker: Dr. Nikolai Kobasko received his PhD from the National Academy of Sciences ofUkra<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> 1969. He is a lead<strong>in</strong>g expert on quench<strong>in</strong>g and heat transfer dur<strong>in</strong>g the harden<strong>in</strong>g of steels. He is theauthor and co-author of more than 250 scientific and technical papers, several books and brochures, and more than30 patents and certificates. In 2004, Dr. Nikolai Kobasko received the Da V<strong>in</strong>ci Diamond Award and Certificate <strong>in</strong>recognition of an outstand<strong>in</strong>g contribution to thermal science. Dr. Nikolai Kobasko is Co-Editor of the WSEASTRANSACTIONS on <strong>HEAT</strong> and MASS TRANSFER and is a member of Editorial Board for International Journal ofMechanics (NAUN) and Journal of ASTM International (JAI). He was the Head of the laboratory of the ThermalPhysics Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukra<strong>in</strong>e. He is co-founder of two consult<strong>in</strong>g companies: IQTechnologies Inc. Akron, USA (1999) and Intensive Technologies Ltd, Kiev, Ukra<strong>in</strong>e (2000). The aim of bothcompanies is material sav<strong>in</strong>gs, ecological problems solv<strong>in</strong>g and <strong>in</strong>crea<strong>in</strong>g service life of steel parts. In 2009 forsubstantial and <strong>in</strong>novative contributions to thermal science and heat treat<strong>in</strong>g technologies, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g development ofnovel quench<strong>in</strong>g methods and application of computational models to thermal processes Dr. Nikolai Kobasko waselected as ASM International Fellow (FASM). At present he is the Director of Technology and R&D of IQTechnologies Inc., Akron, USA and also President of the Intensive Technologies Ltd., Kiev, Ukra<strong>in</strong>e. More <strong>in</strong>formationis provided <strong>in</strong> http://www.<strong>in</strong>tensivequench.com and http://www.itl.kiev.ua.ISBN: 978-960-474-268-4 11
Recent Advances <strong>in</strong> Fluid Mechanics, Heat & Mass Transfer and BiologyAuthors IndexAbdullah, A. A. 74 Mank<strong>in</strong>, R. 87Alderete Chavez, A. 111 Marg<strong>us</strong> P<strong>in</strong>ol, C. 100Amoresano, A. 105 Matko, D. 18Athamena, K. 29, 126 Medvid, A. 49Banjar, H. M. 74 Munekage, Y. 38Banzon, R. 100 Muriel, M. 111Bhakta, J. N. 38 Niola, V. 105Ceron Breton, J. G. 111 Para, I. 94Ceron Breton, R. M. 111 Priimets, J. 87Damian Hernandez, D. L. 111 Rimshans, J. 49Falconi, M. 142 Rimshans, J. S. 13, 147, 153Garcia, M. 142 Rosant, J.-M. 29, 126Goricanec, D. 158 Sabre, M. 29, 126Guerra Santos, J. 111 Sajjad, S. 45Guilhot, J. 29, 126 Salim, M. 38G<strong>us</strong>eynov, S. E. 13, 49 Sanchez Junco, R. C. 111G<strong>us</strong>eynov, S. E. 147, 153 Sarbu, I. 57, 63, 68Hernandez-Morales, B. 135 S<strong>in</strong>i, J. F. 29, 126Kaupuzs, J. 49 Soika, E. 87Kaupuzs, J. 13, 147, 153 Solorio-Diaz, G. 135Kobasko, N. 81, 117 Stanciu, D. 94Kolar, V. 23 Tomazic, T. 18Krope, J. 158 Valea, E. S. 63, 68Langella, F. 105 Vergara-Hernandez, H. J. 135Llibre, J. 142 V<strong>in</strong>et, J. 29, 126ISBN: 978-960-474-268-4 163
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