Pine WarblerDendroica pinusAPPEARANCEHABITATLength: 4.75 to 5.5 inches (12 to 14 cm)Wingspan: 9 inches (22 cm)Pine warblers prefer mature jack pine and pitch pine woodlands,mixed with hardwoods.Distinguishing Characteristics• Olive-colored back and upper wings• White wing bars• Yellow throat and breast• Small, active bird• Thin, pointed billsBEHAVIORPine warblers spend most <strong>of</strong> their time in pine forests, overwinteringin the southern United <strong>State</strong>s with a relatively shortmigration in the spring to more northern states. However, somepine warblers are permanent Texas residents.LIFE HISTORYRange: Eastern United <strong>State</strong>s, especially inpine forests, riparian areas and oakwoodlandsDiet: Insects, fruits and seedsPredators: Hawks and other birds <strong>of</strong> preySexual maturity: At one yearMating season: Mid-March through early JuneNests: Cup-shaped and made <strong>of</strong> bark strips,pine needles, twigs and other finematerial 25 to 40 feet (7.5 to 12.5 m)above ground near the branch tips <strong>of</strong>pine treesEggs: Three to five eggs, white with brownspotsIncubation: About ten daysYoung: <strong>The</strong> young are altricial (born with theireyes closed and bald), but they opentheir eyes, grow feathers and fledge allwithin about ten days <strong>of</strong> hatching.Life span: Less than five yearsNOW YOU KNOW!• <strong>The</strong> scientific name for this species describes its habitat:dendron (a tree); oicos (inhabitants); and pinus (a pinetree).• Pine warblers are among the most abundant warblers in theforest, able to adapt to different types <strong>of</strong> food available atdifferent times <strong>of</strong> year.• <strong>The</strong>ir more subdued coloring makes them more difficult tosee than some <strong>of</strong> the more brightly colored warblers.PINE WARBLERS AND PEOPLEAlthough not endangered now, good forest management willinsure that pine warblers will survive into the future. Pinewarblers will need forests with groups <strong>of</strong> pine trees andhardwoods and minimal human disturbance.PWD LF D0200-848J (8/02) NOTICE: Texas Parks and Wildlife Department receives federal financial assistance from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Under Title VI <strong>of</strong> the Civil Rights Act <strong>of</strong> 1964, Section 504 <strong>of</strong> the RehabilitationAct <strong>of</strong> 1973, Title II <strong>of</strong> the Americans with Disabilities Act <strong>of</strong> 1990, the Age Discrimination Act <strong>of</strong> 1975, and Title IX <strong>of</strong> the Education Amendments <strong>of</strong> 1972, the U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> the Interior and its bureaus prohibit discriminationon the basis <strong>of</strong> race, color, national origin, age, disability or sex (in educational programs). If you believe that you have been discriminated against in any Texas Parks and Wildlife Department program, activity, or facility, or if youdesire further information, please call or write: <strong>The</strong> U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office for Diversity and Civil Rights Programs - External Programs, 4040 N. Fairfax Drive, Webb 300, Arlington, VA 22203, (703) 358-1724.
TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE<strong>Northern</strong> FlickerColaptes auratusPHOTO BY VIREO<strong>The</strong> northern flicker is the only member <strong>of</strong> the woodpeckerspecies with a brown-colored back. It is the only woodpeckerthat feeds on the ground.