Preparing for Emerald Ash Borer: A Landowner's Guide to Managing ...

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Ash in SouthernOntarioThe red line on the map on this pagedefines the southern boundary oftheCanadian Shield, the part ofOntariounderlain by Precambrian bedrock.On the Canadian Shield, ash istypically a minor component oftheforest. The percentage of ash speciesin the forest tends to be much highersouth of the Canadian Shield. Inthese areas, most land was cleared foragriculture in the late 1800s and early1900s. Forest cover in many parts ofsouthern Ontario was practicallynon-existent at that time. Over theyears, many of the poorer quality19781991Colonization of abandoned fields over a 13 year period by green ash-soft maplewhiteelm-poplar forest in Dundas Countyfields were abandoned, allowing treespecies to re-establish. Old field siteswere often recolonized by pioneer treespecies such as green ash, red maple,silver maple, white elm, poplar andcedar. Forests like these are calledearly successional forests. They are intransition from a disturbed landscapeand will eventually evolve into forestswith different tree species which aremore adapted to a shady, closed-canopyenvironment.If youlook in the understory ofanash-dominated forest you mayalreadysee a diversity of other tree speciespresent as regeneration. The mostcommon species that regenerate inash-dominated forests on imperfectto poorly drained lowland sitesinclude red maple, white elm, bur oakand shagbark hickory. Species suchas sugar maple, basswood, bitternuthickory and ironwood will regenerate3
on better drained upland sites.Regeneration of conifer speciessuch as hemlock, white spruceand white pine is less common,but these species were moreabundant on these sites at onetime.The distribution of ash forests in apartially disturbed landscape canbe extensive. For example, theEastern Ontario Model Forest hasmapped the extent of ash forestswithin its boundaries (shown inred on the map below). There are215,000 hectares of forest withash present, including 70,000hectares of early successionalEarly-successional green ash-white elm forestforests dominated by ash withinthis area. This inventory does not include the substantial amount of ash found in fencerows, riparianareas, regenerating in the understory of other forests and plantations, or along municipal roadways.4
Page 1 and 2: Preparing forEmerald Ash BorerA Lan
Page 3: Black ash grows in swampy areas and
Page 7 and 8: Ash mortality caused by emerald ash
Page 9 and 10: Be careful to avoid over cutting as
Page 11 and 12: Natural white pine and red maple re
Page 13 and 14: 1) Maintain other tree speciesThe b
Page 15 and 16: EAB On-Line ResourcesEAB On-Line Re

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