5 anxiety disorders

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CONTENTSxiii11.2 Cluster A: Odd and Eccentric Personality Disorders 31711.2.1 Brief Description and Diagnostic Criteria 31711.2.2 Prevalence and Risk Factors 31811.2.3 Initial Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis 31811.2.4 History of Pharmacological Treatment 32011.2.5 Current Approach to Treatment 32111.3 Cluster B: Dramatic and Emotional Personality Disorders 32211.3.1 Brief Description and Diagnostic Criteria 32211.3.2 Prevalence and Risk Factors 32311.3.3 Initial Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis 32411.3.4 History of Pharmacological Treatment 32611.3.5 Current Approach to Treatment 32911.4 Cluster C: Anxious and Fearful Personality Disorders 33111.4.1 Brief Description and Diagnostic Criteria 33111.4.2 Prevalence and Risk Factors 33211.4.3 Initial Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis 33211.4.4 History of Pharmacological Treatment 33311.4.5 Current Approach to Treatment 335Additional Reading 33512 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 33712.1 Introduction 33712.1.1 Brief Description and Diagnostic Criteria 33712.1.2 Prevalence and Risk Factors 33712.1.3 Presentation and Clinical Course 33812.1.4 Initial Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis 34012.2 Approaches to Treatment 34112.2.1 Post-TBI Depression 34112.2.2 Post-TBI Apathy 34212.2.3 Post-TBI Mania 34412.2.4 Post-TBI Psychosis 34612.2.5 Post-TBI Anxiety 34712.2.6 Post-TBI Dementia and Delirium 34812.2.7 Post-TBI Behavioral Disturbances 349Additional Reading 35213 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTS 35313.1 Introduction 35313.1.1 Organizing This Discussion 35313.1.2 Recognizing Side Effects 35513.1.3 General Approach to Managing Side Effects 358
xivCONTENTS13.2 Norepinephrine-Related Side Effects 36013.2.1 Side Effects of Norepinephrine-Boosting Medications 36013.2.2 Side Effects of Norepinephrine-Blocking Medications 36213.3 Dopamine-Related Side Effects 36313.3.1 Side Effects of Dopamine-Boosting Medications 36313.3.2 Side Effects of Dopamine-Blocking Medications 36513.4 Serotonin-Related Side Effects 37113.4.1 Side Effects of Serotonin-Boosting Medications 37113.4.2 Side Effects of Serotonin-Blocking Medications 37513.5 GABA-Related Side Effects 37613.5.1 Side Effects of GABA Boosting Medications 37613.5.2 Side Effects of GABA-Blocking Medications 37713.6 Acetylcholine-Related Side Effects 37713.6.1 Side Effects of Acetylcholine-Boosting Medications 37713.6.2 Side Effects of Acetylcholine-Blocking Medications 37813.7 Histamine-Related Side Effects 37913.7.1 Side Effects of Histamine-Blocking Medications 379Index 383
Page 2 and 3: PRINCIPLES OFPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGYFOR
Page 4 and 5: Copyright © 2006 by John Wiley & S
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTSPrefaceFaculty Disclosurexv
Page 8: CONTENTSix5 ANXIETY DISORDERS 1275.
Page 15 and 16: FACULTY DISCLOSUREJeffrey E. Kelsey
Page 17 and 18: FACULTY DISCLOSURExixBoard of Direc
Page 19 and 20: 2 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEWThe goal
Page 21 and 22: 4 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEWClinical
Page 23 and 24: 6 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEWClinical
Page 25 and 26: 2BASICS OFPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY2.1 INT
Page 27 and 28: NORMAL HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM 11ture
Page 29 and 30: NORMAL HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM 13a kne
Page 31 and 32: NORMAL HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM 15This
Page 33 and 34: NORMAL HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM 17to du
Page 35 and 36: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: STUDY OF WHAT GOES
Page 37 and 38: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: STUDY OF WHAT GOES
Page 39 and 40: PHARMACOLOGY 23Only when we look at
Page 41 and 42: PHARMACOLOGY 25However, if an indiv
Page 43 and 44: PHARMACOLOGY 27soon see that for al
Page 45 and 46: PHARMACOLOGY 29mitter. When a molec
Page 47 and 48: PHARMACOLOGY 31the bacteria more ef
Page 49 and 50: PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER 33Diagnose
Page 51 and 52: ADDITIONAL READING 35Owens MJ, Mulc
Page 53 and 54: 38 MOOD DISORDERSMajor Depression (
Page 55 and 56: 40 MOOD DISORDERSMajor depression v
Page 57 and 58: 42 MOOD DISORDERSthe initial episod
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44 MOOD DISORDERSTABLE 3.4. Medical
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46 MOOD DISORDERSthese characterist
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48 MOOD DISORDERSTABLE 3.7. Functio
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50 MOOD DISORDERSlar, stimulants we
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52 MOOD DISORDERSTABLE 3.8. Tricycl
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54 MOOD DISORDERSIn the 1980s, deca
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56 MOOD DISORDERSSertraline (Zoloft
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58 MOOD DISORDERSand norepinephrine
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60 MOOD DISORDERSThe cytochrome P 4
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62 MOOD DISORDERSThere are several
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TABLE 3.11. Choosing an Antidepress
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66 MOOD DISORDERSContinuation Phase
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68 MOOD DISORDERSfor those with an
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70 MOOD DISORDERStermed “endogeno
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72 MOOD DISORDERSTABLE 3.13. Diagno
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74 MOOD DISORDERSWhereas patients w
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76 MOOD DISORDERSmania prior to the
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78 MOOD DISORDERSreason, brain imag
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80 MOOD DISORDERSLithium toxicity c
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82 MOOD DISORDERSantidepressants (T
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84 MOOD DISORDERSor the reticulocyt
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86 MOOD DISORDERScannot predict in
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88 MOOD DISORDERSand to provide pro
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90 MOOD DISORDERSagents. Carbamazep
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92 MOOD DISORDERSof other medicatio
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94 MOOD DISORDERSADDITIONAL READING
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4SCHIZOPHRENIA4.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION AND DIAGNOSTIC CR
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PRESENTATION AND CLINICAL COURSE 10
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INITIAL EVALUATION AND DIFFERENTIAL
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HISTORY OF TREATMENT 107fact that t
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HISTORY OF TREATMENT 109drugs. Even
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HISTORY OF TREATMENT 111As a group,
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HISTORY OF TREATMENT 113Chlorpromaz
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HISTORY OF TREATMENT 115physicians.
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HISTORY OF TREATMENT 117most effect
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HISTORY OF TREATMENT 119Olanzapine
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CURRENT APPROACH TO TREATMENT 121Th
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CURRENT APPROACH TO TREATMENT 123If
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ADDITIONAL READING 125tion combinat
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128 ANXIETY DISORDERSwith a single
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130 ANXIETY DISORDERSdisasters, or
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132 ANXIETY DISORDERSresult of thei
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134 ANXIETY DISORDERSTricyclic Anti
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136 ANXIETY DISORDERSdizziness, and
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138 ANXIETY DISORDERSintensely noxi
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140 ANXIETY DISORDERSIn particular,
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142 ANXIETY DISORDERSLike the MAOIs
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144 ANXIETY DISORDERSagoraphobic av
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146 ANXIETY DISORDERSrange from 4%
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148 ANXIETY DISORDERSAnxiety Disord
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150 ANXIETY DISORDERSA controlled t
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152 ANXIETY DISORDERSthree times ea
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154 ANXIETY DISORDERSunclear whethe
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156 ANXIETY DISORDERSTourette’s D
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158 ANXIETY DISORDERSStarted at 15-
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160 ANXIETY DISORDERSTABLE 5.9. Dia
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162 ANXIETY DISORDERSothers, as the
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164 ANXIETY DISORDERSlimitation is
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166 ANXIETY DISORDERSfor the effect
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168 ANXIETY DISORDERSTABLE 5.10. Di
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170 ANXIETY DISORDERSwarrants lifel
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172 ANXIETY DISORDERSTricyclic Anti
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174 ANXIETY DISORDERSof PTSD, it ca
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176 ANXIETY DISORDERSNemeroff CB. A
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178 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSregularl
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180 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSIn contr
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182 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSOne impo
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184 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSSocial f
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186 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSdevelop
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188 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERScation i
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190 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSAversion
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192 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSStage Th
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194 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSexcessiv
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196 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSAcampros
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198 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSsame ben
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200 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS6.10 NIC
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202 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSTABLE 6.
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204 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSLAAM (Le
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206 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSADDITION
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208 EATING DISORDERSdisorder is war
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210 EATING DISORDERSTABLE 7.2. Diag
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212 EATING DISORDERSTABLE 7.3. Some
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214 EATING DISORDERSThe use of appe
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216 EATING DISORDERS7.2.6 Current A
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218 EATING DISORDERSpsychiatric nos
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220 EATING DISORDERSTABLE 7.7. Phys
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222 EATING DISORDERSFinally, althou
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224 EATING DISORDERSduring purging
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226 EATING DISORDERSsignificantly i
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228 EATING DISORDERSdoses. The typi
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230 EATING DISORDERSRoerig JL, Mitc
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232 ATTENTION DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY
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9SLEEP DISORDERS9.1 INTRODUCTIONPsy
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INTRODUCTION 259eye movement (REM)
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INSOMNIA 261falling asleep (initial
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INSOMNIA 263to professional attenti
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INSOMNIA 265worsen obstructive slee
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INSOMNIA 267TABLE 9.3. Medical Illn
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INSOMNIA 269(besides their many use
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INSOMNIA 271antipsychotics are safe
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INSOMNIA 273Magnesium. Recent resea
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NARCOLEPSY 275• Use the bed only
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NARCOLEPSY 277of complete remission
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NARCOLEPSY 279Pemoline (Cylert). Pe
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ADDITIONAL READING 281regimen. The
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10ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE ANDOTHER DE
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PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS 285•
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PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS 287solv
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HISTORY OF PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMEN
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CURRENT APPROACH TO TREATMENT 303st
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CURRENT APPROACH TO TREATMENT 305us
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CURRENT APPROACH TO TREATMENT 307TA
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CURRENT APPROACH TO TREATMENT 309ch
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ADDITIONAL READING 311Bullock R. Tr
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314 PERSONALITY DISORDERSHow then h
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316 PERSONALITY DISORDERSnostic cri
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318 PERSONALITY DISORDERSis a repea
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320 PERSONALITY DISORDERScollateral
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322 PERSONALITY DISORDERSThe limite
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324 PERSONALITY DISORDERSthat child
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326 PERSONALITY DISORDERS11.3.4 His
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328 PERSONALITY DISORDERSin BPD. Th
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330 PERSONALITY DISORDERSaddress ea
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332 PERSONALITY DISORDERSDPD patien
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334 PERSONALITY DISORDERSand dopami
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336 PERSONALITY DISORDERSTrestman R
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338 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURYlong-term
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340 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY12.1.4 In
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342 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURYescitalop
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344 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURYConsequen
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346 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURYwho exper
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348 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURYgeneral,
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350 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURYin TBI pa
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352 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURYa control
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354 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSmany of th
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356 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSTABLE 13.1
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358 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSalthough t
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360 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSeffects of
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362 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTS13.2.2 Sid
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364 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTStreat Park
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366 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSAntidepres
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368 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSpatient a
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370 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSdose. Once
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372 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSPsychiatri
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374 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSSexual Sid
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376 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSdo produce
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378 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTSTABLE 13.7
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380 MANAGING SIDE EFFECTStricyclic
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INDEXAbecarnil, see β-carbolineAbi
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INDEX 385Disulfiram, 195, 198Donepe
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INDEX 387Obesity, 227Obsessive-comp
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INDEX 389Valerian root, 272Valium,
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